RU2478823C2 - Biofuel coarse filter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: biofuel coarse filter for diesel engines includes a housing having the base connected to external wall by means of spokes, in which inlet and outlet channels having an articulated shape are located. A cartridge filter element is installed on the housing top under the cap. A bowl is located from below, above the bottom of which and under the inlet channel there installed is a biofuel flow swirler consisting of a lower plate part with grooves tangentially located on its convex side and made in the form of a funnel of upper part, which is connected to the housing base. A separator is installed above the swirler and under spokes. The spoke, in which a channel is located, is located below the spoke, and an electric heating element is installed above it under the filter element.

EFFECT: creation of a reliable biofuel coarse filter for diesel engines and effective removal of water and foreign matters from biofuel.

5 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The technical solution relates to mechanical engineering. It relates to the purification of biofuels used in diesel engines of vehicles.

There are various fuel filters for diesel internal combustion engines equipped with a heating element to reduce the viscosity of the fuel and dissolve paraffins in it at low ambient temperature (Russian Federation Patents No. 1619798, 2008499, 2018021, US Patents No. 4,529,866, 5,582,154, issued in the USA).

The closest analogue is a coarse fuel filter, containing a housing, a glass with a damper placed in the housing, a filter element made in the form of a brass grid mounted on a holder, an electric heating element made of carbon fiber and placed in a nozzle in the internal cavity of the housing, a temperature-regulating element made in the form of a resistor (patent of the Russian Federation No. 2009359, F02M 37/00). However, such a coarse fuel filter does not provide an effective preliminary purification of biofuel for diesel engines, i.e. biodiesel, which has a high content of acids and water and a high freezing temperature and causes corrosion of non-ferrous metals - brass, bronze, copper.

The task is to create a reliable coarse biofuel filter for diesel engines, which ensures efficient separation of water and foreign impurities from biofuel.

The solution to this problem is provided by the fact that the created coarse biofuel filter contains a housing having a base connected to the outer wall by spokes in which an inlet and outlet channels having a cranked shape are located, a cartridge filter element is installed on top of the housing under the hood, and a bowl is located below , a biofuel flow swirl is installed above the bottom of the bowl in the housing under the inlet channel, consisting of a disk-shaped lower part with grooves tangentially located on its convex side and made in in the form of a funnel of the upper part connected to the base of the housing, a separator is installed above the swirl under the spokes in the housing, made in the form of a conical ring with holes, the spoke in which the inlet channel is located is located below another spoke and an electric heating element is installed above the filter element.

Due to the presence in the filter of an electric heating element located at the spoke of the housing in which the inlet channel is located, the specified biofuel flow swirler located under the inlet channel and securing the separation of foreign matter from this flow, a settling tank formed by the bowl installed under the swirl, which delays small drops water and solid particles, and a filter element located above the electric heating element, multistage effective cleaning of biofuel is provided willow for diesel engines.

The separator is fixed in the circumferential direction by the ribs of the upper part of the swirler located in the grooves of the separator.

The swirler parts are interconnected by tubular fasteners forming channels for the passage of biofuel from under the swirl up to the side of the bowl wall.

The bowl is made cylindrical at the top and conical at the bottom, the boundary between the cylindrical and conical sections is located opposite the lower conical surface of the plate part of the swirl.

The electric heating element is made of ferroceramic material, which, due to its properties, ensures the maintenance of a certain maximum temperature of biofuel, preventing its overheating.

The figure 1 presents the filter for rough cleaning of biofuels.

Figure 2 shows a filter housing, a top view.

The figure 3 shows a detail of the swirl, view in plan.

The fuel filter for rough cleaning of biofuels, shown in figure 1, contains a housing 1 having an annular rim forming a cylindrical outer wall 2, and a base 3. The base 3 and the outer wall 2 of the housing are interconnected by spokes 4 and 5 (figure 2) having in cross section a rectangular shape. Knitting needles 4 and 5 are located at different levels. The inlet channel 6 is made in the spoke 4 located below, and the exhaust channel 7 is made in the other spoke 5 located above. The channels 6 and 7 have a cranked shape.

Near the spoke 4, an electric heating element 8 is installed above it, made of ferroceramic material, which due to its properties ensures the maintenance of a certain highest temperature of biofuel, preventing its overheating. Above the electric heating element 8, a cartridge filter element 9 is installed on the base of the housing, closed by a cap 10. The cap 10 consists of a sleeve 11 and a cover 12 connected by a threaded fastener 13 with a tube 14 inserted into the inlet of the outlet channel 7.

Under the housing 1 there is a transparent bowl 15 having a threaded connection with it. The bowl is made cylindrical at the top and conical at the bottom. Above the bottom of the bowl 15 under the outlet of the inlet channel 6 is installed a swirl 16 of the fuel flow. The swirler 16 consists of a dish-shaped lower part 17 with grooves 18 tangentially located on top of its convex side, separated by protrusions 19 (Figure 3), and made in the form of a conical funnel of the upper part 20 having a threaded connection with the boss of the base of the housing 1. Opposite the lower conical surface the disk part 17 of the swirl is the boundary between the cylindrical and conical sections of the bowl 15. Parts 17 and 20 of the swirl are interconnected by tubular fasteners 21, for example tubular rivets or and screws having an axial hole 22 for passage of biofuel from under the swirl to the cartridge filter element. That is, the fastening elements 21 are used to fasten the lower part 17 to the upper part 20 and, in addition, form channels in the form of round holes 22 for the passage of biofuels from under the swirler 16 upward to the side of the wall of the bowl 15.

Over the swirl 16 under the spokes 4, 5 in the wall 2 of the casing there is a separator 23 made in the form of a conical ring with oval-shaped openings elongated towards the periphery of the separator. The separator 23 is fixed in the circumferential direction by the ribs 24 of the upper part 20 of the swirler, located in the grooves made in the separator at its inner diameter. In the longitudinal direction, the separator 23 is fixed in the wall of the housing by the end face of the bowl 15.

A check valve 25 is installed in the inlet channel 6 to prevent biofuel from draining from the filter when the engine stops working. At the bottom of the bowl 15, a sensor 26 for the level of accumulated water and a drain plug 27 are installed.

This biofuel coarse filter with water separation and electric heating is designed to be installed in the suction line of the biodiesel power system between the fuel tank and the booster pump. Biofuel from the fuel tank enters the inlet channel 6 of the filter, where it is heated by heating the biofuel with an electric heating element 8 located near the spoke 4, in which the inlet channel 6. From the inlet channel, the heated biofuel is directed to the swirl 16. Passing through the tangent tangentially located in channels, that is, through the grooves 18 between the protrusions 19, the biofuel stream is intensively twisted and exits the swirl in the form of jets directed down along the wall of the bowl 15. When the biofuel particles turning heavier than biofuel, that is, solid foreign inclusions and water droplets that settle on the wall of the bowl 15 and slide down to the bottom, from the swirl 16 at its rotation near the wall of the bowl from it under the action of centrifugal forces. Then, biofuel, freed up to a large extent from foreign particles, passes from under the swirler upward through the openings 22 in the fasteners 21 connecting the parts 17 and 20. The jets of fuel leaving the openings 22 in the inclined fasteners 21 fall onto the cylindrical a portion of the wall of the bowl, extend along it and turn towards the separator 23. Due to the sharp rotation of the biofuel stream, the separator here further separates water droplets and solid particles from the biofuel, which wait on the wall of the bowl, coarsen and opposite the ends of the protrusions 19 of the lower part of the swirler slide to the bottom of the bowl 15. From the separator through the holes in it, the biofuel passes up between the spokes 4, 5 of the housing near the electric heating element 8 and goes to the filtering element 9. The biofuel is cleaned by filtering element 9, from which the purified biofuel enters the tube 14 through an opening located on its upper section. From the tube 14, the biofuel exits into the exhaust channel 7, from which it passes through a fine filter to the high-pressure fuel pumps and then to the working cylinders of the biodiesel.

A coarse biofuel filter with an electric heater made of ferroceramic material has been created due to the rational combination of a figured body with spokes in it, connecting its outer wall with a base, a swirler of the specified design installed on the base of the body below the spokes, a sump formed under the swirling bowl, a separator mounted above the swirling under the spokes, the cartridge filter element located on top of the base of the housing provides effective removal from biofuels water and impurities, which increases the reliability of the biodiesel power system. This compact filter has a small metal consumption, it is convenient to disassemble and assemble during maintenance. Its parts are made of materials that are not susceptible to corrosion in contact with biofuels, which increases its reliability.

Claims (5)

1. Coarse biofuel filter, comprising a housing having a base connected to the outer wall by knitting needles in which an inlet and outlet ducts having a cranked shape are located, a cartridge filter element is installed on top of the housing under the hood, and a bowl is located on the bottom, above the bottom of the bowl a biofuel flow swirl is installed under the inlet channel, consisting of a dish-shaped lower part with grooves tangentially located on its convex side and made in the form of a funnel of the upper part connected to Hovhan body over a swirler installed in the housing with needles separator made as a conical ring with openings, borehole, wherein the inlet port is located below the needles and the other above it a filtering element mounted electrical heating element. 2. The filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the separator is fixed in the circumferential direction by the ribs of the upper part of the swirl located in the grooves of the separator. 3. The filter according to claim 2, characterized in that the swirler parts are interconnected by tubular fasteners that form channels for the passage of biofuel from under the swirl up to the side of the bowl wall. 4. The filter according to claim 3, characterized in that the bowl is made cylindrical at the top and conical at the bottom, the boundary between the cylindrical and conical sections is located opposite the lower conical surface of the disk part of the swirl. 5. The filter according to claim 1 or any subsequent paragraph, characterized in that the electric heating element is made of ferro-ceramic material.

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