RU2477599C1 - Combine harvester reaper - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention concerns agriculture machine building and can be applied in combine harvester reapers. The reaper 5 of the combine harvester comprises an eccentric reel 1 with fixed rakes 15 with spring fingers and blades 2, a cutting unit 3, a device for discharge of cut grain mass, a supplying beater 7 and an inclined chamber 8 with a conveyor 9. The cutting device 3 is installed on the body 4 of the reaper 5. The device for removal of the cut grain mass is arranged in the form of two conveyors 6, arranged at both sides of the longitudinal axis of the reaper 5 in parallel to the cutting device 3 and inclined backwards along the motion from the vertical plane. The supply beater 7 has a finger mechanism 14. In the comb of the conveyor 6 there are holes, in which there are spring fingers 19 fixed by means of splints in the form of a torsion with ends bent at the right angle.

EFFECT: reaper provides for stabilisation of a technological process and reduced losses of grain.

3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used in the design of the header of the combine harvester.

Known for the harvesting part of the combine harvester "Don-1500" and "Don-1200", which consists of a header, attachments and an inclined chamber.

The header consists of a housing, reel, auger cutting apparatus, balancing mechanism, drive mechanisms and adjustments. The auger consists of a cylindrical body with spiral tapes (turns), disks of an eccentric finger mechanism, a safety clutch (self-propelled combine harvesters Don-1500 and Don-1200. Technical description and operation designs. Production association Rostselmash. Rostov- on-Don, 1986, pp. 17-27).

The main disadvantage of this harvesting part is the low capture ability of the screw turns, which contributes to the periodic accumulation and retention of the sloped bread mass on the header platform in front of the screw on the right and left sides of the finger mechanism, which causes jamming of the bread mass between the screw turns and the bottom of the header, the feeding fluctuation of which leads uneven loading of the working bodies of the thresher of a combine harvester.

Along with this, the energy costs of driving the header and threshing increase, causing additional grain losses and a decrease in the performance of the combine harvester.

Also known is a header of a combine harvester containing a reel with blades fixed on it, a cutting apparatus mounted on the header body, a device for removing cut-off grain mass made in the form of two conveyors placed on both sides of the longitudinal axis of the header parallel to the cutting apparatus, feeding beater, inclined a chamber with a conveyor, a support sheet, a drive of the working bodies, while the conveyors of the device for removing the cut bread mass are provided with combs, the protruding parts of which are located on the line, equidistant trajectory of the reel blade (see SU 1565385 A1, 05/23/1990, number of pages - 3 description, Figs. 1-3).

Due to this arrangement, the reel blade enters the bread mass into contact with the fingers along the entire width of the conveyor, thereby ensuring the reliability of the capture of bread mass.

Indeed, under ideal conditions, the harvester header according to the USSR author's certificate No. 1565385 A1 eliminates the disadvantages of the aforementioned harvesting part of the Don-1500 and Don-1200 combines, however, depending on the state of the grain mass, its moisture content, lodging and weediness, when reel changes its position, for example, it moves forward, its distance from the conveyor combs increases and the bread mass fed by the reel strips does not reach the conveyor combs and falls past or, at best, onto the header of the header body, accumulating on the bottom of the header.

When the reel is positioned near the conveyor, individual stalks of bread mass penetrate into the conveyor through the space between the combs and, as a result, the conveyor becomes clogged with bread mass.

As a result, the harvester of the combine harvester according to the USSR author's certificate No. 1565385, A 01 turns out to be inoperative.

The purpose of the invention

1. To stabilize and activate the technological process of the header of the combine harvester.

2. Increase the performance of the combine harvester.

3. Reduce grain loss.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the conveyors of the device for removing the sliced bread mass are tilted back along the vertical plane by an angle β ° equal to the angle α ° of the inclination of the cutting part of the cutting apparatus relative to the horizon, the feed beater has a finger mechanism and a reel with blades made by an eccentric and equipped with tines with spring fingers, while in the comb of the conveyors holes are made in which spring fingers are made using cotter pins made in the form of a wire torus Zion with ends bent at right angles, the projections of which on the horizontal plane also intersect at right angles, of which one end is directed towards the eccentric reel, and the other, with its free end, rests on the shelf of the adjacent conveyor comb made of a standard profile, for example, a corner and interchangeable with the comb of the conveyor of the inclined chamber, and each rake of the eccentric reel has two parallel pipes, rigidly interconnected, on which spring fingers are fixed.

Thus, the inventive harvester of the combine harvester meets the criterion of "Novelty."

Signs that distinguish the claimed technical solution from the prototype, in other technical solutions of this technical field are not identified, which allows us to conclude that the inventive header of the combine harvester meets the criterion of "significant differences".

Figure 1 shows a General view of the header of the combine harvester, left view: figure 2 is the same, top view; figure 3 is a view And figure 1, a fragment; figure 4 - mounting of the spring fingers to the tine of the conveyor, in a perspective view; figure 5 - the interaction of the free end of the spring pin with the shelf of the adjacent comb of the conveyor, in a perspective view.

The header of the combine harvester (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) contains a reel 1 with blades 2 fixed on it, a cutting device 3 mounted on the housing 4 of the header 5, a device for removing the cut-off grain mass, made in the form of two conveyors 6 placed on both side of the longitudinal axis of the header 5 parallel to the cutting apparatus 3, the feed beater 7, the inclined chamber 8 with the conveyor 9, the support sheet 10 and the drive of the working bodies 11, while the conveyors 6 of the device for removing the cut bread mass are provided with combs 12 (figure 3), protruding parts of which laid on the line, the equidistant trajectory of the blade 2 of the reel 1 (figure 1).

The conveyors 6 of the device for removing the cut-off grain mass (Fig. 1) are inclined backward along the vertical plane II by an angle β ° equal to the angle α ° of the inclination of the cutting part 13 of the cutting apparatus 3 relative to the horizon, the feed beater 7 having a finger mechanism 14 and reel 1 with blades 2 is made eccentric and equipped with tines 15 with spring fingers 16, while holes 17 are made in comb 12 of conveyors 6 (Fig. 4), in which spring fingers 19 are fixed with cotter pins 18 (Fig. 4, Fig. .5) made in the form wire torsion 20 with ends 21 and 22 bent at right angles, the projections of which onto the horizontal plane also intersect at right angles, of which one end 21 is directed towards the eccentric reel 1 and the other, with its free end 22, rests on the shelf of the adjacent comb 12 of the conveyor 6 made of a standard profile, for example a corner and interchangeable with the comb 23 (figure 2) of the conveyor 9 of the inclined chamber 8.

Each rake 15 of the eccentric reel 1 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) has two parallel pipes 24, rigidly interconnected, on which spring fingers 25 are fixed.

The header of the combine harvester works as follows, for example, in harvesting dead and clogged wheat (Fig. 1, Fig. 2).

When the combine harvester moves across the field, the eccentric reel 1 with the help of tines 15 with spring fingers 16, mounted on parallel pipes 24 and rigidly interconnected, raises the stalks of wheat and with a blade 2 brings them to the cutting device 3 mounted on the housing 4 of the header 5 s the inclination of the cutting part 13 at an angle α ° relative to the horizon.

Conveyors 6 of the device for removing the cut-off grain mass (Fig. 1), inclined backward along the vertical plane II by an angle β ° equal to the angle α ° of the inclination of the cutting part 13 of the cutting apparatus 3 relative to the horizon, on its straight section with combs 12, as well as the ends 21 of the spring fingers 19 (Fig. 4, Fig. 5), made in the form of a wire torsion 20 and fixed in the hole 17 with a cotter pin 18, while the free end 22 of the spring pin 19 rests on the shelf of the adjacent comb 12 of the conveyor 6, blocking the space between the crest s 12, grasp the grain mass and direct it towards the center of the header.

When moving from the straight section of the conveyor 6 (Fig. 3), the combs 12 together with the spring fingers 19 and its ends 21 will change direction and throw in the bread mass to the feed bit 7.

With a further rotation of the comb 12 (FIG. 3), already the end 22 of the spring pin 19 (FIG. 2) will rotate, moving away from the shelf of the adjacent comb 12 (FIG. 3) and act on the bread mass, throwing it to the feed bit 7 with a finger mechanism 14, which directs it to the inclined chamber 8 to the conveyor 9 with combs 23, then to the threshing device (not shown) of the combine harvester. When moving the header 5 rests on the support sheet 10.

Due to the fact that the conveyors of the device for removing the cut bread mass are tilted back along the direction of travel from the vertical plane by an angle β ° equal to the angle α ° of the inclination of the cutting part of the cutting apparatus relative to the horizon, this allows the bread mass cut and fed by the eccentric reel to be kept on the conveyor.

The installation of spring fingers on the conveyor combs, made in the form of a wire torsion with ends bent at right angles, eliminates the penetration of stalks of bread mass into the conveyor through the space between the combs, and also acts on the bread mass when the conveyor is turned towards the feed beater.

The unification of the conveyor combs, which removes the cut-off grain mass and the inclined chamber conveyor combs, reduces the range of parts and creates ease of use for the combine harvester header.

The presence on each rake of an eccentric reel of two parallel pipes, rigidly interconnected, on which spring fingers are fixed, allows, along with an upright array, to freely remove bread of any lodging and clogging, practically without changing the reach of the eccentric reel.

All these listed features allow you to:

1. To stabilize and intensify the technological process of the header of the combine harvester.

2. Increase the performance of the combine harvester.

3. Reduce grain loss.

The header of the combine harvester is made of standard products and can be implemented on standard equipment.

Claims (3)

1. The header of the combine harvester, containing a reel with blades fixed on it, a cutting device mounted on the header body, a device for removing cut-off grain mass made in the form of two conveyors placed on both sides of the longitudinal axis of the header parallel to the cutting device, feeding beater, inclined a chamber with a conveyor, a support sheet and a drive of the working bodies, while the conveyors of the device for removing the cut bread mass are provided with combs, the protruding parts of which are located on the equidistant line reel trajectory of the reel blade, characterized in that the conveyors of the device for removing the cut bread mass are tilted back along the vertical plane by an angle β ° equal to the angle α ° of the inclination of the cutting part of the cutting apparatus relative to the horizon, the feed beater has a finger mechanism, and the reel with blades is made eccentric and equipped with tines with spring fingers, while holes in the conveyor comb are made in which spring fingers are fixed with cotter pins, you filled in the form of a wire torsion with ends bent at right angles, the projections of which onto the horizontal plane also intersect at right angles, of which one end is directed towards the eccentric reel, and the other free end rests on the shelf of the adjacent conveyor comb. 2. The header of the combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the conveyor comb is made of a standard profile, for example a corner, and is interchangeable with the conveyor comb of an inclined chamber. 3. The header of the combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that each rake of the eccentric reel has two parallel pipes, rigidly interconnected, on which spring fingers are fixed.

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