RU2474483C1 - Test bench for analysing heat exchange tube beading by roller tool - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to metal forming and may be used for tube plate tube beading in making heat exchangers for various industries. Test bench comprises support with roller beading tool composed of beading tool body, roller fixation case, taper rollers and spindle with shank engaged with drive of rotation. Note here that it comprises, additionally, the bed to support saddle with slides, moving carriage arranged on the latter to carry tube and support holder including casing with two roller bearings to support rotor composed of hollow tube to receive tube to be beaded and support. Note here that said drive of rotation is composed of spindle with jaw chuck. Besides, it incorporates spindle and beading device rpm transducers, moment of force transducer while carriage is provided with axial displacement pickup.

EFFECT: higher precision of tool adjustment.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure and can be used to study the process of expansion of heat exchanging pipes in tube sheets (boards) in the manufacture of heat exchangers in various fields of technology.

A device for expanding pipes based on radial plastic deformation of a roll pipe and pressing with some force to the wall of the hole of the lodgement is known (Fig. 1). (S. Yuzik. Flaring of pipes in ship heat exchangers. Shipbuilding. L. 1978. 144 p.).

A known device includes a roll pipe passing through a tool tray; the roller housing located inside the roll pipe, made in the form of a pipe with slots for the rollers; rollers placed in slots of the roller case; the housing of the milling device with a bearing placed in it through which the housing of the rollers passes; a rolling spindle provided with a shank at one end for connection with a spindle rotation device, and on the other hand, in the contact area in the rollers, made in the form of a cone.

For flaring, the roll pipe is installed inside the lodgement, and the roller casing with the rollers and the spindle of the roller connected through the bearing to the casing of the rolling device is inserted inside its casing. When expanding the pipe, through the action of the rollers on the inner surface of the roll pipe in the contact zone of the pipe-lodgement, as a result of plastic deformation of the pipe, a strong connection of the roll pipe and lodgement is achieved.

However, the known device cannot be used as a test bench, on which it is possible to determine and investigate important operational parameters of the expansion of various heat transfer pipes: measure the course and speed of rotation of the spindle, the speed of rotation of the roller case, the amount of torque applied to the working tool. It is necessary to precisely determine the indicated flaring parameters for heat transfer pipes in view of the low deformability of these pipes and the likelihood of defects in plastic deformation regions when they exceed the boundary values.

The objective and technical result of the invention is the creation of a stand that allows you to determine and explore the important operating parameters of the flaring process of a specific heat transfer pipe: the course and speed of rotation of the spindle, the movement of the spindle, the speed of rotation of the roller housing, the amount of torque applied to the working tool.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the stand for determining the optimal operating parameters of pipe expansion, containing a lodgement for passing the rolled pipe, a rolling device with a housing, a roller rolling tool, a housing for fixing rollers, tapered rollers, a spindle with a shank connected to a rotation device, made in the form a spindle with a cam cartridge, a bed with a caliper with a slide mounted on it, a movable carriage mounted on the slide with an axial displacement sensor, placed on a movable carriage, a holder of a rolled pipe and tool tray containing a rotor in the form of a hollow pipe with a force or torque sensor in the housing on two roller bearings, sensors for measuring the spindle speed and the housing of the rolling device, while all signals from these sensors are fed to the inputs of the corresponding electronic recording equipment. The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the housing of the milling device is made in the form of a hollow cylinder and is equipped with a bearing placed therein, supporting the housing for fixing the rollers placed inside the rolled pipe, which is made in the form of a pipe with slots for rollers, the axes of which are crossed with the axis of rotation of the spindle at an angle 1-3 °, while the tapered rollers are placed in the slots of the housing for fixing the rollers, and the spindle rolling is made from one end with a shank for connection with the cam spindle chuck, and from the other end, in the contact area in the rollers, in the form of a cone; the carriage in the lower part is equipped with axles with bearings mounted on the guide rails; and the lodgement is made in the form of a washer or pipe cut, the thickness of which is greater than the thickness of the rolled pipe.

The device of the stand according to the invention can be illustrated by the pattern shown in figure 2, where:

1 - bed of a lathe;

2 - a support of the lathe;

3 - spindle drive of a lathe;

4 - the case of the rolling device;

5 - housing fixing rollers;

6 - conical roller;

7 - rolling spindle;

8 - roll pipe;

9 - housing holder roll pipe and tool tray;

10 - shank of the spindle rolling;

11 - carriage;

12 - axis of the carriage;

13 - carriage bearings;

14 - slide;

15 - sensor measuring the force or moment;

16, 17 - sensors for measuring the speed of the spindle and the housing of the milling device;

18 - sensor axial movement of the carriage;

19 - spindle with a cam cartridge;

20 - rotor;

21 - lodgement;

22 - bearing;

23, 24 - roller bearings supporting the rotor.

The mechanical part of the stand according to the invention is placed on the bed (1) of the lathe, on which the support (2) of the lathe with standard slides (14) is placed. The support (2) has no mechanical connection (disconnected) with the general drive of the lathe. A movable carriage (11) is placed on the slide (14) of the support, which is equipped with metal axles (12) in the lower part, which are supported by carriage bearings (13) mounted on the slide rails (14). This provides a minimum of effort for horizontal movement of the carriage (11). The movement of the carriage (11) is fixed by standard axial displacement sensors: capacitive, inductive, magnetic.

On the carriage (11) there is a holder of a roll pipe and tool tray, the design of which includes a body (9) in the form of a hollow cylinder. Two roller bearings (23, 24) are installed inside the housing (9), which are equipped with standard devices for attaching to the housing (9): ring ledges, flanges, etc. These bearings (23, 24) support the rotor (20) in the form of a hollow pipe into which the roll pipe (8) and the lodgement (21) are installed and fixed. The rotor (20) is equipped with a force or torque measuring sensor, for example, a standard torque sensor built on strain gauges. To conduct research on the bench according to the invention, the lodgement (21) is made in the form of a washer or pipe cut, the thickness of which is greater than the thickness of the roll pipe.

To expand the pipe, a rolling milling tool is introduced inside it, consisting of a housing (4) of a rolling device, a housing (5) for fixing the rollers, 3 tapered rollers (6) in and a rolling spindle (7) with a shank (10). The housing (4) of the rolling device is made in the form of a hollow metal cylinder and is equipped with a bearing (22) placed in it, fixed in it with standard devices (cover, flange, emphasis, etc.). The bearing (22) of the housing (4) supports the roller fixing housing (5) located inside the roll pipe (8), which is made in the form of a pipe with slots for tapered rollers (6), the axes of which are crossed with the axis of rotation of the spindle (7) at an angle of 1 -3 °. Tapered rollers (6) are placed in the slots of the housing (5) for fixing the rollers. The rolling spindle (7) is made at one end with a shank (10) for connecting to the spindle cam chuck, the shank being fixed in a rotation device made in the form of a spindle (19) with a cam chuck, and on the other end, in the contact area with the rollers ( 6), - in the form of a cone, mating with the surface of the rollers. To measure the speed of the spindle (cam, spindle) and the housing (4) of the rolling device, the stand is equipped with standard inductive sensors (16, 17) for measuring the speed of rotation.

All signals from the sensors are fed to the inputs of the corresponding electronic recording equipment (not shown in the drawing).

The stand according to the invention works as follows.

After assembling the mechanical elements of the bench by moving the caliper (2) and / or carriage (11), a rolling milling tool is inserted into the roll pipe in such a way that the rollers (6) are placed in the joint area of the roll pipe-bed.

After that, the sensors are placed and the electronic equipment is set up.

Then turn on the spindle drive (19) of the lathe. The cartridge with the shank (10) of the spindle (7) fixed to it rotates at a predetermined and controlled by the sensor (16) frequency, and the carriage (11) is fed to the spindle cartridge until the rollers touch the rolling heat exchange pipe made of corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant steel, for example, chromium-nickel or chromium steel, with a wall thickness of 2 mm. Under the action of friction on the conical working surface of the spindle (7), the conical rollers (6) of rolling, the axis of rotation of which are crossed with the axis of rotation of the spindle at an angle γ = 1 ... 3 °, and which, rotating, create an axial force that moves the carriage to the cartridge, by itself, the spindle enters the pipe, and the rollers (6) make a portable rotational movement in a circle, the radius of which increases with each rotation of the spindle (7). Due to the wedge effect, the pipe is deformed and pressed against the lodgement, and the reactive torque is perceived by the rotor (20) and the sensor (15). As the value increases, the torque is monitored through the indicating device (not shown in the drawing) and then, when the set value is reached, the rotation of the shaft of the cartridge drive motor is automatically or manually stopped. Reverse rotation of the chuck milling tool is removed from the pipe.

The measured characteristics of the flaring process: spindle rotation speed, spindle movement, housing rotation speed, the magnitude of the torque applied to the working tool, make it possible to select the most optimal operating process setting modes during flaring in industry.

Claims (4)

1. A bench for determining the optimal operating parameters of pipe expansion, containing a lodgement for passing the pipe being rolled, a rolling device with a housing, a roller rolling tool, a roller fixing housing, tapered rollers, a spindle with a shank connected to a rotation device made in the form of a spindle with a cam cartridge , a bed with a support mounted on it with a slide, a movable carriage mounted on a slide with an axial displacement sensor, a roller holder mounted on a movable carriage and a lodgement containing a rotor in the form of a hollow pipe mounted in a housing on two roller bearings with a sensor for measuring force or torque, sensors for measuring the rotational speed of the spindle and the housing of the milling device, while all signals from these sensors are fed to the inputs of the corresponding electronic recording equipment . 2. The stand according to claim 1, characterized in that the milling device housing is made in the form of a hollow cylinder and is equipped with a bearing placed therein to support the roller fixing housing, made in the form of a pipe with slots for rollers, the axes of which are crossed with the axis of rotation of the spindle at an angle 1-3 °, while the tapered rollers are placed in the slots of the roller fixing housing, and the rolling spindle is made from one end with a shank for connection to the spindle cam chuck, and from the other end, in the form of a contact with the rollers, in the form of a cone. 3. The stand according to claim 1, characterized in that the carriage in the lower part is provided with axles with bearings mounted on the guide rails. 4. The stand according to claim 1, characterized in that the lodgement is made in the form of a washer or pipe cut, with a thickness exceeding the thickness of the roll pipe.

Images