RU2474015C1 - Dipole antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering.

SUBSTANCE: arms of dipole antenna are made of flat plates attached to external wires of balancing device made in the form of flat three-wire overhead line, the external wires of which have the width that is the same to that of dipole arms. Upper part of central flat conductor of balancing device is attached to one of the dipole arms. Connection of dipole arms to balancing device has 45° inclination in the direction to the screen; lower parts of external conductors of balancing device form on their outer side a flange with a rectangular opening between internal surfaces of external conductors of balancing device and round openings to attach the dipole antenna to flat screen. Lower part of central conductor of balancing device is dipole input and has a convergent pass to provide convenient connection to external signal transfer line.

EFFECT: increasing the directivity pattern width, improving vibration strength and efficiency of dipole.

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Description

The invention relates to antenna technology and is intended to build phased antenna arrays from the composition of the antenna-feeder devices of radio communication systems and radar devices.

Known symmetric vibrator emitter having thin cylindrical shoulders with a diameter d, mounted on a balancing device at an angle of 90 °, with d << λ ₀ , where λ ₀ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency range [1 - Microwave and antenna devices . Designing phased array antennas. Ed. D. I. Voskresensky, M .: Radio engineering, 2003, Fig. 2.6.1a].

The disadvantage of this emitter is the narrow beam pattern (BF) [1 - p. 222].

The closest in essence to the invention is a symmetric vibrator [1 - Fig.2.6.1b], taken as a prototype, the shoulders of which are made of flat plates and are mounted at an angle of 90 ° to the outer conductors of the balancing device, made in the form of a three-wire flat overhead transmission line with a height λ _0/4 and a width equal to the width of the shoulders of the vibrator, the lower ends of the outer conductors of the balancing device mounted on a flat conducting screen, the upper part of the central flat conductor balun connected to one m from the shoulders of the vibrator, and its lower part has an exponential transition for connecting to the central conductor of the coaxial transmission line, the braid of which is connected to the conductive screen, the side edges of the shoulders of the vibrator are bent toward the screen, and the side edges of the external conductors of the balun device are bent outward.

The disadvantages of the prototype include the following.

- Insufficient width of the beam, which does not provide the construction on its basis of antenna arrays with wide-angle scanning of the beam of the beam. So, the design of the prototype provides at the level of -3 dB the width of the beam is not more than 80 ° [2 - Lifshits M.Yu. Antennas M.: University book. 2009, p. 37], therefore, the use of the prototype in the antenna array will provide scanning angles of the antenna array of not more than ± 40 °. However, this is not enough for modern antenna arrays; scanning angles of at least ± 45 ° are required. To implement such an antenna array, the width of the bottom of the vibrator must be at least 90 °.

- The prototype is made of thin metal strips, which does not provide sufficient mechanical strength when used in vibration.

- The prototype does not have the ability to quickly install the vibrator - the prototype is fixed to the conductive screen all in one, and the signal is fed through a coaxial cable connected by soldering.

Another disadvantage of the prototype was identified in [3 - Meilux R. J. Theory and technique of phased antenna arrays. - TIIER, 1982, v.7, No. 3, p.5 ... 62], when, when modeling an infinite phased antenna array, based on direct vibrators similar to the prototype installed parallel to a flat screen, a glare effect was detected.

The aim of the invention is to increase the width of the radiation pattern, increasing vibration resistance and speed of installation of the vibrator.

To achieve this goal, a symmetric vibrator is proposed for installation on a flat metal screen, in which the shoulders are made of flat plates attached to the outer conductors of a balancing device made in the form of a three-wire flat overhead transmission line, the outer conductors of which have the same width as the shoulders vibrator, the upper part of the Central conductor of the balancing device is connected to one of the shoulders of the vibrator, and its lower part is the input of the vibrator and has a narrowing A transition to connect to an external signal line.

According to the invention, the vibrator arms are made as a continuation of the external conductors of the three-wire transmission line and have a slope of 44.5-45.5 ° in the direction of the screen, the lower parts of the external conductors of the balancing device on the outside form a flange with a rectangular hole between the inner surfaces of these conductors of the balancing device and round holes for mounting the vibrator to a flat screen, while the height of the vibrator is 0.24-0.25 λ ₀ , the length of the arms of the vibrator is 0.23-0.24 λ ₀ , the width of the arms of the vibrator is 0.08-0.09 λ ₀ , where λ ₀ is the wavelength in free space corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency range.

A comparative analysis of the claimed device and prototype shows that the claimed device is characterized in that:

- the angle of the vibrator’s shoulders is changed from 90 ° to 45 °;

- the prototype has an integral connection with the screen, in contrast to the claimed device, the lower parts of the external conductors of the balancing device on the outside form a flange with a rectangular hole between the inner surfaces of these conductors and four round holes for mounting the vibrator to a flat screen; the presence of a flange provides the ability to quickly install a vibrator;

- the prototype is made of thin bent plates, in contrast to this, the claimed device is made by milling or casting and is a single design with the same thickness of flat elements, which provides high mechanical strength and the accuracy of repetition of the calculated geometric dimensions in the manufacture.

The combination of distinctive features and properties of the proposed symmetric vibrator from the literature is not known, therefore, it meets the criteria of novelty and inventive step.

Figure 1 shows the appearance of a symmetric vibrator.

Figure 2 shows the design day in the E-plane.

Figure 3 shows the design day in the N-plane.

The symmetric vibrator (Fig. 1) consists of left 1 and right 2 shoulders, a balancing device made in the form of a three-wire flat overhead transmission line containing left 3, right 4 outer conductors and a central conductor 5. The upper part of the central conductor 5 is connected to the left shoulder 1. The lower parts of the left 3 and right 4 external conductors of a three-wire flat overhead transmission line form a flange 6 with round holes 7, which ensure the mounting of a symmetrical vibrator to a flat metal screen (in figure 1 not shown). The flange 6 also has a rectangular hole 8 through which the central conductor 5 of the balancing device is connected to the signal transmission line (not shown in FIG. 1).

The lower part of the central conductor 5 of the balancing device is the input of a symmetric vibrator and has a tapered transition for easy connection by soldering to an external signal transmission line (not shown in Fig. 1).

The height of the symmetrical vibrator is 0.24-0.25 λ ₀ , shoulders 1 and 2, elements of the strip power line 3 and 4 have a width of 0.08-0.09 λ ₀ . The length of the shoulders 1 and 2 is 0.23-0.24 λ ₀ ,

The symmetric vibrator is made of duralumin by milling or casting and represents a single design, which ensures its high vibration resistance and the accuracy of repetition of the calculated geometric dimensions in the manufacture.

The calculated beam width in the E-plane is 92 ° (figure 2), and in the H-plane - 100 ° (figure 3). Thus, the proposed symmetric vibrator has a wider beam than that of the prototype, so it can be used to build antenna arrays with wide-angle scanning of the beam of the beam.

The presence of the proposed symmetric vibrator of the flange provides the ability to quickly install the vibrator, in contrast to the prototype, the connection of which with the screen is integral.

Conducted electromagnetic modeling of an antenna array using emitters made on the basis of the proposed symmetric vibrator showed the absence of the effect of "blinding" in the sector of angles ± 45 °.

To measure the parameters of the proposed device was made a layout, its photograph is shown in figure 1. The experimentally measured characteristics confirm the calculated data.

Claims (1)

A symmetric vibrator designed to be mounted on a flat metal screen, in which the shoulders are made of flat plates attached to the external conductors of a balancing device made in the form of a three-wire flat overhead transmission line, the external conductors of which have the same width as the shoulders of the vibrator, the upper part of the central the conductor of the balancing device is connected to one of the shoulders of the vibrator, and its lower part is the input of the vibrator and has a narrowing transition for connecting to an external signal transmission, characterized in that the vibrator arms are made as a continuation of the external conductors of the three-wire transmission line and have a slope of 44.5-45.5 ° in the direction of the screen, the lower parts of the external conductors of the balancing device on the outside form a flange with a rectangular hole between the inner surfaces these conductors of the balancing device and round holes for mounting the vibrator to a flat screen, while the height of the vibrator is 0.24-0.25 λ ₀ , the length of the arms of the vibrator is 0.23-0.24 λ ₀ , the width of the arms of the vibrator Ator is 0.08-0.09 λ ₀ , where λ ₀ is the wavelength in free space corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency range.

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