RU2473819C1 - Engine system of safety shutdown system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: proposed system comprises main and isolation engine arranged coaxially one above the other and connected at main engine front bottom. Main engine comprises nozzle arranged symmetrically at an angle to its lengthwise axis and fitted into nozzle bowls to make nozzle unit. Nozzle bowls (nozzle unit) are arranged on main engine front bottom. Main engine bottom is shaped to hemisphere while nozzle bowls have points of bolt joint with isolation engine.

EFFECT: ruled out intolerable variation of nozzle unit, decreased weight.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to rocket technology, namely to solid-propellant propulsion systems of the emergency rescue system (hereinafter - DU SAS) of the crew of the Soyuz-type spacecraft.

Known design of the propulsion system, given in the book "Spacecraft" under the general ed. prof. K.P. Feoktistova, Moscow: Military Publishing House, 1983, p. 290. Remote control system САС, containing the main engine for separation and removal of the detachable head unit (0GB), the separation engine for resetting the propulsion system (ДУ) after the normal passage of the atmospheric section or separation of the descent vehicle (SA) from the OGB in the process of emergency rescue and control engines for the formation of a predetermined path of the OGB .

The separation and main engines are located coaxially one above the other (in flight) and are connected on the front bottom of the main engine through a circular docking unit.

The nozzles of the main engine are located at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the engine and are mounted in nozzle caps symmetrically located on the cylindrical surface of the engine, forming a nozzle block.

The main (central) engine of the remote control SAS of the Soyuz spacecraft has 12 nozzles and, accordingly, 12 nozzle caps, which are located in close proximity to one another and form a single power belt.

The disadvantage of this design is the increased drag created by closely spaced nozzles.

The design of the SAS Soyuz-TM spacecraft with improved aerodynamic characteristics (prototype), known in the book Creating Promising Rocket Engines of Solid Fuel (Moscow, MAI Publishing House, 2004, p. 26), containing the main (central) engine, is known with nozzle block, separation and control engines.

The main engine ДУ САС has 4 nozzles and accordingly 4 nozzle caps located on the lateral cylindrical surface of the engine block.

The geometric parameters of the nozzle block are such that the diameter of the nozzle cap is comparable with the radius of the cylindrical shell of the casing.

This circumstance, as well as the fact that in the cylindrical shell of the nozzle block under the influence of internal pressure, the stresses arising in the material in the direction of the generatrix of the cylinder and in the circumferential direction are significantly (two times) different. This leads to the fact that it is possible to change the geometry of the nozzle block, which, on the one hand, limits the use of internal rigid thermal protection of the nozzle block, and, on the other hand, can lead to a violation (due to the occurring ellipse of the cap) of the tightness of the connection “nozzle-nozzle cap”.

Elimination of unwanted changes in the geometry of the nozzle block can be made by increasing the thickness of the shell of the nozzle block, using reinforcing elements, such as ribs, girdles, etc. This, in any case, leads to a significant weighting of the structure.

The objective of the invention is to eliminate unacceptable changes in the geometry of the nozzle block, subject to the requirements to minimize the mass of structural elements of the engine.

The technical result is achieved in that in a propulsion system of an emergency rescue system having a main and a separation engine located coaxially one above the other and connected to the front bottom of the main engine, which has nozzles placed symmetrically at an angle to its longitudinal axis, mounted in nozzle caps with the formation of the nozzle block, characterized in that the nozzle caps (nozzle block) are placed on the front bottom of the main engine, the bottom of the main engine is made in the form of a hemisphere, and on the ovyh caps provide space for docking with the separation motor, such as a bolted connection.

The invention is illustrated by drawings:

figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the remote control SAS;

figure 2 - one of the elements of the bolted connection.

The main engine 1 (Fig. 1) has a spherical bottom 3. On the spherical bottom 3, nozzle caps 4 are mounted in which nozzles 5 are mounted. The separation motor 2 is mounted coaxially with the main engine. The docking place of the engines is made on the nozzle caps 4 using bolts 6.

Figure 2 shows the location of the fasteners (bolts 6) connecting the main 1 and the separation engines.

The use of the spherical front front bottom of the main engine when loading it with internal pressure (during engine operation) allows you to get the same stress field in all directions. This circumstance ensures the same voltage in all directions at the junction of the nozzle cap and the spherical bottom and, accordingly, does not cause unacceptable changes in the geometry of the nozzle block.

The docking of the main and separation engines on the nozzle caps is reinforced on the one hand by the nozzle caps (nozzle block) of the main engine, and on the other hand, the mass costs of organizing a separate docking unit on the bottom of the central engine are reduced (as in the prototype).

Claims (1)

A propulsion system of an emergency rescue system, comprising a main and a separation engine, arranged coaxially one above the other and connected to the front bottom of the main engine, which has nozzles placed symmetrically at an angle to its longitudinal axis, mounted in nozzle caps to form a nozzle block, characterized in that the nozzle caps (nozzle block) are located on the front bottom of the main engine, the bottom of the main engine is made in the form of a hemisphere, and on the nozzle caps there is a place for forging with the separation motor, such as a bolted connection.