RU2473739C1 - Foundation envelope of floating block installed at water area bottom using float-on method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: instrument making.

SUBSTANCE: foundation envelope of floating block installed at water area bottom using a float-in method, being the part of that floating block, includes a through (open on both sides) shaft of a downward diverging closed cross section. It consists of four plates, the orientations of which coincide with orientations of the corresponding side faces of a hexagon with different four-cornered bases, and surface areas of all the plates or some part thereof are equal to surface areas of the corresponding side faces of hexagon or exceed them.

EFFECT: improving spatial stiffness and manufacturability of foundation envelope of floating block; optimising geometrical parameters of foundation envelope.

3 cl, 1 ex, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the construction and hydraulic engineering, in particular to a floating method of construction, and can be used to interface floating massifs with an unprepared bottom of the water area.

In construction and hydraulic engineering, it is generally accepted to call the foundation part of the structure, which transfers the efforts from this structure to the foundation. The term “foundation” in this document has exactly the same meaning: the foundation of a floating array is part of a floating array that transfers forces from this array to the base. At the same time, it is not significant how the connection of the foundation with the rest of the structure is realized: a completely rigid coupling or connection having spherical, cylindrical, translational joints.

The floating method of construction compared to the traditional (behind the lintels) provides a significant reduction in concrete consumption, facilitating structures, transferring the main, most complex works to the industrial conditions of the construction base and accelerating the pace of construction. One of the most important problems in the construction of structures by floating method remains the problem of pairing floating massifs with the bottom of the water area. Especially attractive in comparison with other options, such as, for example, the method of a lowering well, underwater concreting, construction of a pile foundation, the use of supports, the development and excavation of the bottom of the water area, etc. foundations-shells, the inner cavity of which is filled with soil materials, which subsequently perform the functions of an artificial soil base.

Known as a prototype is the foundation shell of a floating array used in the design of the shut-off dam of the French PES Argenon and Lansier [Tidal power plants. / L.B. Bernstein, V.N.Silakov, S.L. Gelfer, etc. / Ed. Dr. tech. Sciences of L.B.Bernshtein. - M .: Energoatomizdat, 1987. - 296 p .; fig. 13.3, d].

The foundation shell of the floating array is a through (open on both sides) axisymmetric shaft broadening to the bottom of a closed cross section of a circular shape.

The disadvantage of this solution is that it is not possible rationally from the point of view of manufacturability and mechanical work (strength) to construct a rectangular array in combination with an axisymmetric round basement-shell.

The objective of the present invention is to increase the spatial rigidity and manufacturability of the foundation-shell of a floating array, as well as optimizing the geometric parameters of the foundation-shell to use it in modern large-sized floating arrays, having a rectangular shape in plan and requiring the presence of several adjacent widening shafts to the bottom of a closed cross section.

The object of the invention is the foundation shell of a floating array mounted on the bottom of the water area by surfacing, which is part of this floating array, including a through (open on both sides) shaft broadening to the bottom of a closed cross section, characterized in that it consists of four plates whose orientations coincide with the orientations of the corresponding lateral faces of the hexagon with different-sized quadrangular bases, and the areas of all or parts of these plates are equal to the area respective side faces of the hexahedron or exceed them.

Using the proposed solution allows you to implement the optimal layout of the floating array of a quadrangular shape in plan in conjunction with the foundation-shell.

The foundation-shell of a floating massif has a development consisting in the fact that two or more shells, the design of which corresponds to the above, are combined into a rigid spatial system. This allows you to implement a rational layout of gigantic modern floating arrays using many relatively small shells, and also allows you to significantly increase the rigidity and manufacturability of such a foundation, including due to the convenience of reinforcing it with prestressed rectilinear reinforcement.

Another development of the device is that on top of the shaft, forming the foundation-shell, has its continuation (including removable) to the point at which the material is loaded to fill the base. This allows you to load soil material from the upper horizon of the floating massif (from the upper deck) without the use of additional devices when such a shaft is not formed due to the cellular structure of the massif (wireframe), to increase the bearing capacity of the foundation-shell due to the weight of the soil column in the continuation of the shaft and friction forces along the surface of the contact surface of the shaft of the shaft, and also allows you to organize a waterproof circuit that prevents the penetration of sea water from the foundation-shell into the ballast compartments of the array.

Using the proposed technical solution allows to achieve new technical results in comparison with the prototype. A causal relationship between the set of essential features of the claimed object and the achieved technical results is shown in the table.

The essence of the proposed method is illustrated by drawings:

figure 1-3 presents private options for the implementation of the foundation-shell, consisting of four plates oriented along the side faces of the hexagon with different-sized rectangular bases;

Figures 4 and 5 (view from the upper and lower sides, respectively) show a particular version of the spatial system of the folded type, formed by several connected (in this particular case directly with each other) single foundations-shells;

in Fig.6 - the same as in Fig.4-5, but with shafts, which continue to the mark at which the material is loaded for the base device;

Fig. 7 shows a particular embodiment of a layout of a floating array having a foundation-shell (folded-type system) in accordance with the invention;

Figures 8-9 show illustrations of the technology for installing an array having a foundation-shell corresponding to the invention on an unprepared bottom of the water area.

The proposed device (see Figs. 1-3) consists of four plates whose orientations coincide with the orientations of the corresponding lateral faces of the hexagon with different quadrangular bases, and the areas of all or parts of these plates are equal to or exceed the areas of the corresponding lateral faces of the hexagon. The foundation shell (1) is designed to interface the floating array with the unprepared bottom of the water area (2) and can be used as follows (see Figs. 8-9): the floating array is fixed in the design position using mounting (temporary) connections (3) , in the continuation of the shafts (4) of the foundation-shell (1), formed by the cellular structure of the array (see Fig. 7), the soil material (5) is loaded, which, filling the space between the inner surface of the foundation-shell (1) and the bottom surface water area (2), performs the functions of artificial sprinkled base.

The performance of the device can be tested empirically using a conventional household funnel and bulk material.

The possibility of carrying out the claimed invention is shown by the following example.

Example. The floating block of the dead dam PES and its installation on the unprepared bottom of the water area by surfacing

The floating block of the dead dam of the PES (tidal power plant) has the structure shown in Fig. 7 and is a floating array made in a dry dock, towed to the place of installation in the dam section on the water and installed on an unprepared bottom of the water area. To abandon the work (and associated costs) for the preparation of the underwater base of the block, including, as a rule, filling the soil with water and leveling the bed, the block has a foundation shell in accordance with the present invention. In particular, the foundation design, clearly illustrated by figures 4-6, is based on a folded-type shell made up of cross inclined flat elements whose lengths correspond to the length and width of the block. Such a constructive solution of the foundation-shell allows you to achieve a relatively high performance in terms of its manufacture and significantly improve the mechanical work of structures. Reinforcement of reinforced concrete plates is carried out by unified flat reinforcing frames, as well as steel ropes passed in channel formers, with their subsequent tension on hardened concrete, and the formwork consists of unified flat elements. Generally speaking, the unification achieved through the invention opens up attractive prospects for the use of precast prestressed concrete, which makes it possible to coordinately reduce the consumption of reinforcing steel and concrete without compromising performance. Moreover, in the conditions of the construction dock, the production of individual unified structural elements of the foundation-shell can be carried out using special inventory formwork, which allows for the production of electrothermal or mechanical prestressing, similar to what is usually done at precast concrete plants.

To reduce the block sediment during its removal from the dock, the water filling the internal cavity of the foundation-shell is forced out by compressed air (coffer principle), and to ensure stability, two (or more) blocks are placed in close proximity to the construction site (with a design gap or close to) and join together to form a "multi-hull ship" (catamaran).

Work on the installation of the floating block PES is as follows (see Fig.8-9). The floating block is positioned above the installation site at the bottom, includes adjustable cuffs that fix the translational movement of the mounting supports vertically, and, controlling the buoyancy of the block and the reaction forces of the mounting supports, the unit is installed in the design position (the neighboring one can also be used as a mounting support block installed at the bottom of the water area). After that, the internal cavities of the foundations-shells are filled through their upper holes with incoherent soil, which, having come into contact with the surface of the bottom of the water area (natural base) and with the inner surface of the foundation-shell, performs the functions of an artificial dumped soil base. At the end, the calculated ballasting of the floating block of the dam is carried out.

In the same way, pairing with the unprepared bottom of the water area of other floating arrays of a similar design can be implemented: buildings of PES (floating blocks of the dam containing hydraulic power equipment, etc.), power transmission towers, monuments, bridge structures, supporting blocks of offshore platforms, etc.

Causal relationship between the set of essential features of the claimed object and the achieved technical results New technical result compared to the prototype Indicators Distinctive feature (reason for improvement) Prototype The subject of the invention one 2 3 four Improving the manufacturability of the foundation-shell Formwork elements and reinforcing products have a relatively complex shape Formwork of flat elements; straight and continuous (including prestressed) reinforcement for the full length and width of the array The base-shell consists of continuous flat elements along the entire length and width of the array Increasing the rigidity of the foundation-shell and improving the conditions of contact of the structure with the base It is not possible to achieve a rational layout of a quadrangular in terms of an array with axisymmetric shell foundations, because neighboring foundations do not have common rectilinear boundaries, but only touch each other at one point Several foundations-shells can be combined into a folded-type spatial system with a relatively high rigidity; individual shell foundations have common rectilinear boundaries The base-shell consists of plates oriented along the lateral faces of the hexagon with two equally large quadrangular bases Note: It should be borne in mind that, in terms of design, rectangular in terms of design, they have higher technological indicators compared to other forms, which ensured their widespread use in the modern practice of hydraulic engineering using the floating method, but on the use of foundations widening towards the bottom and not being immersed in the ground - shells of non-axisymmetric shape in order to pair floating massifs with an unprepared bottom of the water area are still not known.

Claims (3)

1. The base-shell of a floating array, installed on the bottom of the water area by surfacing, which is part of this floating array, including a through (open on both sides) shaft broadening to the bottom of a closed cross section, characterized in that it consists of four plates whose orientations coincide with the orientations of the corresponding lateral faces of the hexagon with different quadrangular bases, and the areas of all or parts of these plates are equal to the areas of the corresponding lateral faces of the hexagon or send them out. 2. The foundation shell of the floating array according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of two or more interconnected (directly or through additional mating elements) structures described in claim 1, and forms a spatial system. 3. The foundation-shell of the floating array according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the shaft above has its extension (including removable) to the point at which the soil material is loaded to fill the base.

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