RU2472020C2 - Regenerative heat exchanger built into gas-turbine plant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: regenerative heat exchanger built into gas-turbine plant includes heat tubes as heat-exchange surface. At that, evaporator of heat tubes is located in exhaust circuit of GTP waste gases, and condenser of heat tubes is provided in outlet chamber of GTP compressor. Heat tubes are ribbed.

EFFECT: increasing efficiency of regenerative gas-turbine plant owing to reducing air pressure losses.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The technical solution relates to stationary gas turbine units (GTU) of the regenerative cycle and can be used in gas turbine construction.

Tubular and lamellar regenerators are known which are used to heat the exhaust gas exhausted from the compressor into the combustion chamber of a gas turbine (see, for example, S.N. Movchan, Yu.V. Bochkarev, D.N. Solomonyuk. Stages of development stationary and ship GTU with heat recovery. "Gas turbine technologies", October 2008, pp. 8-11).

These regenerators are part of regenerative gas turbines as a separate unit. Compressed air after the compressor and back to the combustion chamber, as well as exhaust gases are supplied for heat exchange to the regenerator through pipelines.

The disadvantage of such regenerators is:

- the hydraulic resistance of the regenerator on the air and gas sides and air ducts to the regenerator and from it to the combustion chamber reduces the specific useful work of the gas turbine;

- the use of air ducts to the regenerator and from it to the combustion chamber complicates the gas turbine engine layout solutions (the relative position of the equipment included in the turbine installation and the placement of this equipment relative to the building structures of the turbine room);

- large sizes and mass of regenerators.

As a prototype, a regenerative heat exchanger for gas turbine engines of transport power plants was selected (see, for example, SU 954782, IPC F28D 15/00, 1982).

In this heat exchanger in a ring casing, divided into sections, heat pipes (TT) are located, through which heat is exchanged between the compressed air after the compressor and the exhaust gases. The design of this heat exchanger allows its use in regenerative gas turbines only with a separate unit, i.e. compressed air after the compressor and back to the combustion chamber, as well as exhaust gases must be supplied for heat exchange to the regenerator through pipelines.

The disadvantages of the prototype include:

- the hydraulic resistance of the air ducts to the regenerator and from it to the combustion chamber reduces the specific useful work of the gas turbine;

- the use of air ducts to the regenerator and from it to the combustion chamber complicates the layout decisions of gas turbines.

The objective of the technical solution is: to eliminate the use of air ducts from the compressor to the regenerator and from it to the combustion chamber in regenerative gas turbines, thereby reducing the resistance of the air path and the loss of air pressure, which will increase the efficiency of the gas turbine unit.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the following differences are provided in the regenerator built into the gas turbine unit containing heat pipes as a heat exchange surface: the heat exchange surface of the regenerator (heat pipe condenser) is made in the exhaust chamber of the GTU compressor, and the heat pipe evaporator is located in the exhaust pipe GTU exhaust gases.

There is a causal relationship between the totality of the essential features of the claimed object and the technical result achieved, namely: the location of the heat exchange surface of the regenerator (heat pipe condenser) in the exhaust chamber of the gas turbine compressor, and the heat pipe evaporator in the exhaust gas pipe of the gas turbine compressor allows eliminating the use of air ducts from the compressor to the regenerator and from it to the combustion chamber in regenerative gas turbines, thereby reducing the air duct resistance and pressure loss air, which will increase the efficiency of the gas turbine plant.

The technical solution allows to simplify the layout decisions on the conclusion and introduction of air after the compressor to the regenerator and from the regenerator to the gas turbine combustion chamber.

The use of heat pipes as heat-exchange surfaces allows increasing the heat transfer coefficient due to the finning of heat pipes washed by both GTU exhaust gases and heated air, and, therefore, reducing the dimensions of the heat-exchanging surfaces of the regenerator.

The technical nature of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a main view of a gas turbine with a regenerator with structural elements included in them, where: a gas turbine unit with the components listed below 1, regenerator 2, compressor 3, heat exchange surface (heat pipe condenser) 4, compressor outlet chamber 5, annular cavity 6, the combustion chamber 7, the exhaust pipe 8, the heat pipe evaporator 9.

Positions 4 heat exchange surface (heat pipe condenser) and 9 (heat pipe evaporator) are part of the regenerator.

Figure 2 is a cross section of a gas turbine and structural elements of the regenerator, where: heat exchange surface (heat pipe condenser) 4, heat pipe evaporator 9.

Figure 3 - structural elements of the regenerator, where the suction system of air 10, the suction valve 11, three-way valve 12 and manovacuum meter 13.

Figure 4 - intermediate heat carrier 14.

The proposed regenerator (item 2), built into the gas turbine unit (item 1), consists of a heat exchange surface (heat pipe condenser) 4, a heat pipe evaporator 9, an air suction system 10, a suction valve 11, a three-way valve 12, a pressure gauge 13 and intermediate heat transfer medium 14.

In addition to the built-in regenerator 2, the gas turbine installation 1 includes a compressor 3, an outlet chamber of the compressor 5, an annular cavity 6, a combustion chamber 7, and an exhaust pipe 8.

The technical solution described above, “a regenerator integrated in a gas turbine installation”, is carried out as follows: first, intermediate heat transfer medium 14 (FIG. 4) is poured into the heat pipes of the evaporator 9 (FIG. 1, 2) and air is sucked out through the suction system 10 by opening valve 11. The opening of the three-way valve 12 determines the pressure (vacuum) by the vacuum gauge 13 and closes the valve 11 (figure 3). When flowing around the fin surface of the evaporator 9 with GTU exhaust gases, the intermediate coolant 14 boils, and its vapor enters the condenser 4 (Figs. 1, 2), the fin surface of which is washed by air after compressor 3 (Fig. 1). The steam of the intermediate coolant 14 is cooled in the condenser 4, condenses, and the condensate flows into the evaporator 9, and then the process is repeated. And the air heated in the condenser 4 through the annular cavity 6 enters the combustion chamber 7 (figure 1).

Thus, the location of the heat exchange surface of the regenerator (heat pipe condenser) in the exhaust chamber of the gas turbine compressor, and the heat pipe evaporator in the exhaust gas pipe of the gas turbine compressor, eliminates the use of air pipes from the compressor to the regenerator and from it to the combustion chamber in the regenerative gas turbine, thereby reducing the resistance air path and loss of air pressure, which will increase the efficiency of the gas turbine installation, as well as the absence of pipelines for transporting air simplifies the component time-consuming solutions for locating a gas turbine with a regenerator.

Claims (2)

1. A regenerator built into a gas turbine installation and containing heat pipes as a heat exchange surface, while the heat pipe evaporator is located in the exhaust gas duct of the gas turbine unit, characterized in that the condenser of the heat pipe is made in the exhaust chamber of the gas turbine compressor. 2. The regenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat pipes are made of finned.

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