RU2470738C1 - Roughing and finishing cutting plate - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: cutting plate has opposed top and bottom surface, multiple side surfaces connecting the latter, and through hole extending through said top and bottom surfaces. Note here that top surface comprises top cutting edge made on its outer periphery, flat chamfer made at the highest level to adjoin top cutting edge, all along it. Besides, it has groove at the level lower than that of top cutting edge, located between flat chamfer and through hole. Bottom surface has chip breakers made on periphery to include every angle formed by adjacent side surfaces, bottom cutting edges on outer periphery along said chip breakers, and flat bearing surface formed on periphery between adjacent chip breakers and, continuously, inside from the latter.

EFFECT: expanded machining performances.

11 cl, 14 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a cutting insert used for roughing and finishing.

State of the art

Since the cutting inserts for roughing large parts are subject to high loads, they are relatively large in size and have a wide bearing surface on the bottom. Basically, since the cutting inserts for roughing are used in a relatively large depth of cut and feed mode, they are fixed in the holder socket with a lever protruding from the socket wall, and not with a clip attached from above to minimize interference.

However, since conventional roughing inserts have cutting edges only on the upper surface, they are discarded when the cutting edges on the upper surface are worn, which is uneconomical.

Disclosure of invention

Technical challenge

The present invention is the creation of a cutting insert having a sufficient lower surface to withstand the applied force during roughing, as well as having cutting edges for finishing, which allows the use of such a cutting insert to solve two problems - for roughing and for finishing.

The solution of the problem

The cutting insert of the present invention comprises an upper surface and a lower surface opposite to each other, a plurality of side surfaces connecting the upper surface and the lower surface, and a through hole passing through the upper surface and the lower surface.

The upper surface comprises an upper cutting edge formed at its outer periphery, a flat bevel at the highest level, adjacent to and along the upper cutting edge, and a groove area at a level lower than the level of the upper cutting edge, and located between the flat bevel and the through hole . The lower surface comprises chip breakers formed on portions of the peripheral regions, which include each of the corners formed by adjacent side surfaces, lower cutting edges formed on the outer periphery of the lower surface along the chip breakers, and a flat abutment surface formed on the peripheral regions between adjacent chip breakers and continuously in areas inside of chipbreakers.

The upper surface of the cutting insert of the present invention may contain a negative chamfer, inclined outward and located between the upper cutting edge and the flat chamfer.

The groove region of the upper surface of the insert of the present invention can be joined by an inwardly inclined surface extending from a flat bevel.

The chip breakers of the insert of the present invention may comprise groove areas having a level higher than the level of the lower cutting edges and connected by an upwardly inclined surface extending from the lower cutting edges, and the flat supporting surface may be at the lowest level.

The through hole of the insert of the present invention may comprise a tapering portion, the diameter of which increases upward.

The through hole of the cutting insert of the present invention may contain a tapering section, the diameter of which increases upward, and another tapering section, the diameter of which increases downward.

The flat supporting surface of the insert of the present invention can extend inward continuously to the through hole. Alternatively, the bottom surface may have an inner cavity formed around the through hole, and the flat supporting surface extends continuously inward to the inner cavity.

The lower surface may comprise a chipbreaker formed around the entire circumference of the peripheral region, lower cutting edges formed on the outer periphery of the lower surface along the chipbreaker, and a flat abutment surface formed in the region inside of the chipbreaker.

Advantages of the Invention

The cutting insert of the present invention can be used for roughing and finishing. The cutting insert of the present invention has a structure in which there are cutting edges for finishing and a sufficient lower bearing surface to withstand the forces arising from roughing. In addition, the cutting insert of the present invention, in addition to the cutting edges for roughing, has cutting edges for finishing and an extended service life compared to conventional cutting inserts for roughing.

Brief Description of the Drawings

1 is a perspective view illustrating an upper surface of a cutting insert of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the lower surface of the cutting insert of figure 1.

Figure 3 illustrates the profile of the heights of the upper surface along the line aa in figure 1.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of the lower surface of another cutting insert of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a top view of the lower surface of the cutting insert of the present invention.

Fig.6 illustrates the profile of the heights of the lower surface along the line bb in Fig.5.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a cutting insert mounted on a roughing tool holder.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a lower surface of another insert of the present invention.

Fig.9 is a perspective view of the lower surface of another cutting insert of the present invention.

10 is a side view illustrating the clamping force generated by a lever for a cutting insert mounted on a roughing toolholder.

11 is a section illustrating a through hole of a cutting insert of the present invention.

12 is a side view illustrating the clamping force generated by a lever for a cutting insert mounted on a finishing holder.

13 is a sectional view illustrating a through hole of another cutting insert of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a sectional view illustrating a through hole of yet another cutting insert of the present invention.

An embodiment of the present invention

The following is a detailed description of cutting inserts according to embodiments of the present invention. The drawings attached to the present description are intended only for the convenience of explanation and may not be made to scale.

Figure 1 presents a perspective view of the upper surface of the cutting insert of the present invention, and figure 2 is a perspective view of the lower surface of the cutting insert of figure 1. Although the lower and upper surfaces can be interchanged depending on the orientation of the insert, further, for convenience of explanation, the upper surface 100 and the lower surface 200 will be determined based on FIG. Figure 3 presents the profile of the heights of the upper surface along the line aa in figure 1.

As shown in FIG. 1, the cutting insert of the present invention comprises an upper surface 100 and a lower surface 200 opposed to each other, a plurality of side surfaces 300 connecting the upper surface and the lower surface, and a through hole 400 extending through the upper surface and the lower surface.

The upper surface 100 comprises an upper cutting edge 110 formed on its outer periphery, a flat chamfer 120 at the highest level, located adjacent to and along the cutting edge 100, and a groove region 130 at a level lower than the level of the upper cutting edge and located between the flat chamfer 120 and a through hole 400. The groove region 130 of the upper surface 100 is connected by a downwardly inclined surface 140 extending from the flat facet 120.

The lower surface 200 comprises chip breakers 220 formed on portions of peripheral regions that include each of the corners 230 formed by adjacent side surfaces 300, lower cutting edges 210 are made on the outer periphery of the lower surface 200 along the chip breakers, and in the peripheral regions 240 between adjacent chip breakers 220 and continuously in the areas 260 inside of the chipbreakers 220, flat supporting surfaces 260 are formed. The flat supporting surface 260 can extend continuously inward to the through hole 400, or the lower surface The chamber may have an internal cavity 410 formed around the through hole 400, as shown in Fig. 4, to provide a more tight contact.

As shown in FIG. 3, the upper surface may comprise a negative chamfer 150 inclined outwardly and located between the upper cutting edge 110 and the flat chamfer 120. Of course, the upper surface may not have a negative chamfer. In this case, the upper cutting edges may have an R-shaped profile formed by honing.

Figure 5 presents a top view of the lower surface of the cutting insert of the present invention. Figure 6 shows the profile of the heights of the lower surface along the line BB in figure 5.

As shown in FIG. 6, chipbreakers 220 comprise groove areas 270 having a level lower than the level of the lower cutting edges 210 and connected by a downwardly inclined surface 280 extending from the lower cutting edges 210, and a flat supporting surface 250 formed inside of the areas 270 grooves, is at the highest level.

7 is a perspective view of a cutting insert mounted on a holder for use in roughing. Here, the flat supporting surface 250 acts as the lower supporting surface in contact with the flat upper surface of the holder socket. Once again explaining the structure of the lower surface 200 in this state, the chipbreakers 220 comprise groove areas 270 having a level higher than the level of the lower cutting edges 210 and connected by an upwardly inclined surface 280 extending from the lower cutting edges 210, and a flat supporting surface 250 formed inside from areas 270, is at the lowest level.

When the cutting insert is used for finishing, it is mounted on the tool holder in the state shown in FIG. 2, where the flat chamfer 120 of the upper surface 100 acts as a supporting surface in contact with the flat upper surface of the holder socket. In this case, if a negative chamfer 150 is formed on the upper surface 100, or the edge is sharpened to an R-shape, they protect the upper cutting edge 110 from wear due to contact.

When the cutting insert is installed for finishing, its lower surface performs the function of crushing the chips, and when the cutting insert is installed for roughing, its lower surface is the supporting surface. For the feed used in finishing and component 0.2 ~ 1.0 mm / rev, the width (Le) of the chipbreaker is 0.8 ~ 3.5 mm. As the width (Le) of the chipbreaker increases during roughing, overhang increases, which leads to vibrations. Therefore, in order to prevent the occurrence of vibrations during roughing, it is advisable to set the width (Le) of the chip breaker in the range of 1.0 ~ 3.0 mm for feeding 0.4 ~ 0.8 mm / rev. In addition, the depth of cut during finishing should be within the length (D) of the straight section, as shown in FIG. 5, which is preferably 2 ~ 6 mm, so that there is a flat supporting surface 240 between adjacent chipbreakers 200.

In the peripheral regions 240, separating structures 285 may be formed between adjacent chipbreakers to avoid collisions of the recess parts, forming small chamfers or grooves on the outer periphery, as shown in FIG.

When roughing a workpiece using the upper surface of the cutting insert in less severe cutting conditions or when finishing with the lower surface of the cutting insert with a relatively large cutting depth along the entire perimeter of the peripheral region, chipbreaker 290 can be formed so that the lower cutting edges extend along the outer periphery of the entire perimeter of the lower surface, as shown in Fig.9.

The chipbreaker area is preferably not more than 50% of the total bottom surface area, with the exception of the through hole, so that the flat supporting surface 260 has sufficient area for roughing.

If roughing is performed prior to finishing, harsh cutting conditions can damage the flat bevel 120, which is used as the abutment surface for finishing. Therefore, it is preferable to use the cutting insert of the present invention first for finishing, and then for roughing. In other words, the first cutting insert is only used for roughing and discarded, and subsequent cutting inserts are used sequentially first for finishing, and then for roughing.

10 is a side view illustrating a clamping force generated by a lever on a cutting insert mounted on a roughing tool holder. If the through hole of the cutting insert has a tapering section with a diameter increasing upward, as shown in FIG. 11, the direction of the clamping force is inclined downward to the inner corner of the socket, as shown by the arrow in FIG. 10, whereby the cutting plate is pressed more strongly against the socket. If the cutting insert of FIG. 11 is mounted on the holder for finishing, the clamping force of the lever is directed laterally, as shown by the arrow in FIG. 12. In order for the clamping force to tilt down to the inner corner of the holder socket when the insert is inserted into the finishing holder, the through hole is preferably made with two conical sections with a diameter increasing upward and a diameter increasing downward, as shown in FIG. 13 . Of course, it is possible to fasten the cutting insert with a lever even with a straight through hole shown in FIG.

The cutting inserts and holders with mounted cutting inserts described above can be made in various other ways, without going beyond the basic concept of the present invention. Accordingly, all of the described options should be understood as illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention should not be determined by the options described above, but by the claims. Alternatives equivalent to the appended claims are within the scope of the protection defined by the appended claims.

Claims (11)

1. A cutting insert comprising an upper surface and a lower surface that are opposed to each other, a plurality of side surfaces connecting the upper surface and the lower surface, and a through hole passing through the upper surface and the lower surface, the upper surface comprising an upper cutting edge formed on its outer periphery, a flat chamfer at the highest level, located adjacent to and along the upper cutting edge, and the groove area at a level lower than the level of the upper cutting edge, and located between the flat chamfer and the through hole, and the lower surface comprises chip breakers formed on parts of the peripheral regions, which include each of the corners formed by adjacent side surfaces, lower cutting edges formed on the outer periphery of the lower surface along the chip breakers, and a flat supporting surface formed by on the peripheral areas between adjacent chipbreakers and continuously in the areas inside of the chipbreakers. 2. A cutting insert comprising an upper surface and a lower surface that are opposed to each other, a plurality of side surfaces connecting the upper surface and the lower surface, and a through hole passing through the upper surface and the lower surface, the upper surface comprising an upper cutting edge formed on its outer periphery, a flat chamfer at the highest level, located adjacent to and along the upper cutting edge, and the groove area at a level lower than the level of the upper cutting edge, and located dix between the flat facet and the through hole, and the lower surface comprises a chipbreaker formed around the perimeter of the peripheral region, the bottom cutting edges formed on the outer periphery of the lower surface along the chip breaker, and a flat bearing surface formed in the inside of the chip breaker. 3. The cutting insert according to claim 1 or 2, in which the upper surface contains a negative chamfer, inclined outward and located between the upper cutting edge and the flat chamfer. 4. The cutting insert according to claim 1 or 2, in which the groove region of the upper surface is connected by a downward inclined surface extending from a flat bevel. 5. The cutting insert according to claim 1 or 2, in which the chipbreakers contain groove areas having a level higher than the level of the lower cutting edges, and connected by an inclined upward surface extending from the lower cutting edges, and the flat supporting surface is at the lowest level. 6. The cutting insert according to claim 1 or 2, in which the through hole contains a tapering section with a diameter increasing upward. 7. The cutting insert according to claim 1 or 2, in which the through hole contains a tapering section with a diameter increasing upward, and another tapering section with a diameter increasing downward. 8. The cutting insert according to claim 1 or 2, in which the flat supporting surface continues inward continuously to the through hole. 9. The cutting insert according to claim 1 or 2, in which the lower surface has an inner cavity formed around the through hole, and the flat supporting surface continues inward continuously to the inner cavity. 10. The cutting insert according to claim 1 or 2, in which the width (Le) of the chipbreaker is 1.0-3.0 mm, and the total area of the chipbreaker does not exceed 50% of the entire area of the lower surface, except for the through hole. 11. The cutting insert according to claim 1, in which in the peripheral areas between adjacent chipbreakers made separating structure.

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