RU2470232C2 - Furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to heating furnaces and can be used during development of furnaces and heating devices for preparation of food and heating of the room. Furnace includes housing, which is mainly vertically oriented, preferably in the form of a hollow cylinder, combustion chamber with fuel laying device and fuel loading door arranged inside the housing, heating element located above combustion chamber and made in the form of food preparation capacity, and mainly a cauldron. The above heating element of the furnace is installed on the furnace housing with radial annular gap between its walls and walls of the furnace housing; at that, the above gap acts as a stack.

EFFECT: improvement of heat release from combustion products to the food preparation capacity with simultaneous improvement of mass and dimensions parameters.

11 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to heating furnaces and can be used in the development of furnaces and heating devices for cooking and heating.

Known metal portable furnace for solid fuel with a grate, containing a vertically oriented housing with a combustion zone, in which there are channels for supplying air to the combustion zone, an exhaust pipe, a door installed in the housing, a heating element (AS USSR No. 119991, class 36a - IPC: F24B 1/00, 5/00).

In this furnace, fuel is loaded into the combustion zone through the door and ignited. The combustion products of the fuel heat up the heating element of the furnace, made, as a rule, in the form of flat panels, mainly cast iron. For cooking, a cooking container, such as a pan, is installed on the heating element, and its contents are heated due to thermal conductivity between the metal parts of the furnace and the container body.

The main disadvantages are the significant dimensions and weight of the furnace, as well as the fact that heat transfer from the combustion products to the cooking container is carried out through the heating element, which leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the furnace and increased fuel consumption.

A known furnace containing a housing, mainly vertically oriented, preferably in the form of a hollow cylinder, a combustion chamber with a device for storing fuel and a door for loading fuel placed inside the housing, a heating element located above the combustion chamber, made in the form of a container for cooking, mainly cauldron (furnace LLC SK Raslovo-Kladka, 115088, Moscow, Sharikopodshipnikovskaya St., 4, the design of which is available on the website: http://raslovo-kladka.ru/stroitelstvo_pechi_pod_kazan).

The specified furnace operates as follows.

Fuel is placed on the fuel stacking device installed in the combustion chamber located in the furnace body through the door, mainly firewood, and is ignited. On the upper part of the body is a container for cooking. Hot products of combustion, rising up, heat the container for cooking and exit through the chimney.

The main disadvantages of this oven are significant dimensions and weight, as well as the inability to use the oven for cooking over an open fire.

The objective of the invention is to remedy these disadvantages and create a furnace, the design of which will significantly improve the heat transfer from the combustion products to the container for cooking while improving mass-dimensional characteristics.

The solution to this problem is achieved due to the fact that, in the proposed furnace, comprising a housing, mainly vertically oriented, preferably in the form of a hollow cylinder, a combustion chamber with a device for storing fuel and a door for loading fuel placed inside the housing, a heating element located above the chamber combustion, made in the form of a container for cooking, mainly cauldron, according to the invention, the heating element of the furnace is mounted on the furnace body with a radial clearance between its walls ami and walls of the furnace body.

In an embodiment, the cooking container is removable.

In an embodiment, the cooking container is fixed.

In an embodiment, the upper part of the furnace body is profiled with the possibility of removing and installing a container for cooking and other items for cooking, mainly skewers.

In an embodiment, the chimney is made in the form of a gap between the walls of the cooking container and the walls of the furnace body.

In an embodiment, the chimney is made in the form of an annular gap between the walls of the container for cooking and the walls of the furnace body.

In an embodiment, the annular gap between the walls of the cooking container and the walls of the furnace body is made in the ratio S = (0.1 ... 0.2) D, where: S is the radial ring gap, D is the diameter of the cooking container in the plane, passing perpendicular to the upper edge of the furnace body.

The lower value of the specified ratio is selected based on the fact that with its further decrease, the area of the annular gap and, accordingly, the combustion conditions of the fuel decrease due to deterioration of traction.

The upper value of the specified ratio is selected based on the fact that with a further increase in it, the heat transfer conditions from the combustion products to the cooking container deteriorate due to the fact that most of the combustion products will go away, bypassing the walls of the tank.

In an embodiment, the chimney is made in the form of several, mainly four to six, radial-axial gaps between the walls of the container for cooking and the walls of the furnace body.

In the embodiment, the radial-axial clearances are made in the ratio s = (0.1 ... 0.2) D, h = (0.1 ... 0.2) D, where s is the width of the gap, h is the length of the gap, D - the diameter of the container for cooking in a plane perpendicular to the upper edge of the furnace body.

The lower value of the specified ratio is selected based on the fact that with its further decrease, the area of the annular gap and, accordingly, the combustion conditions of the fuel decrease due to deterioration of traction.

The upper value of the specified ratio is selected based on the fact that with a further increase in it, the heat transfer conditions from the combustion products to the cooking container deteriorate due to the fact that most of the combustion products will go away, bypassing the walls of the tank.

In an embodiment, brackets are installed in the upper part of the furnace body with the possibility of adjusting the gap between the cooking container and the furnace wall, with one end interacting with the furnace body and the other with the wall of the cooking vessel, mainly cauldron.

In an embodiment, the device for storing fuel is arranged to move relative to the combustion chamber, mainly along the height of the furnace.

In an embodiment, the device for stacking fuel is arranged to move relative to the combustion chamber and fix in a certain position, mainly along the height of the furnace.

In an embodiment, a gate is pivotally mounted in the furnace door, comprising a panel, a handle for opening, and configured to change its position with respect to the furnace elements by introducing a profiled handle element into the gap between the surfaces of the gate and the furnace door and turning it around the axis of rotation of the handle wherein the handle for opening the gate is made in the form of at least two plates, flat and profiled, interconnected and having a common axis of rotation, and a profiled handle element introduced into the gap between Iber and door, made profiled variable section, expanding to the axis of rotation, mainly in the form of a rectangular triangle.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a front view of a stove, Fig. 2 is a side view of a stove with an installed cooking container, Fig. 3 is a side view of a stove without a cooking container, Fig. 4 is a slide position when the air supply channels are closed, FIG. 5 is the position of the gate handle with the air supply channels closed, FIG. 6 is the position of the gate with open air supply channels, and FIG. 7 is the position of the gate handle with open air supply channels.

The furnace contains a housing 1, mainly vertically oriented, made in the form of a hollow cylinder. Inside the housing 1 is a combustion chamber 2 with a device for stacking fuel 3 and a door 4 for loading fuel. The heating element of the furnace is made in the form of a container for cooking 5, mainly cauldron, located above the combustion chamber 2 and rests on brackets 6, interacting with the body of the furnace 1 at one end, and with the wall of the cooking container 5 with the other. The brackets 6 are made with the possibility of change their location in order to adjust the gap 7 between the furnace body 1 and the wall of the cooking vessel 5. On the upper part of the housing 1, profiled grooves 8 for laying skewers and profiled grooves 9 for removal of combustion products are made. The device for stacking fuel 3 is made with the possibility of its movement relative to the combustion chamber, mainly along the height of the furnace, and fixation in a certain position with the help of the device 10. In the door 4 of the furnace there is a hinge 11 mounted with a handle 12, blocking the channels 13. For cooking food outdoors the fire uses both skewers 14 and the grill 15, installed in the profiled grooves 8 and 9.

The proposed furnace operates as follows.

On the device for stacking fuel 3, installed in the combustion chamber 2, located in the housing 1 of the furnace, through the door 4 is placed fuel, mainly firewood, and is ignited. The flow rate of air entering the combustion zone is controlled by changing the bore of the channels 13 using a gate 11, the position of which relative to the door 4 is changed using the handle 12. On the upper part of the housing 1, on the brackets 6, is installed with an annular gap 7, provided by the location of the brackets 6, the capacity 5 for cooking. Hot combustion products, rising upward, heat the container 5 for cooking and exit through the annular gap 7, which functions as a chimney. Depending on the required temperature regime required for cooking, using the brackets 6, the width of the annular gap 7 is changed, and the combustion products, if necessary, are discharged both through the annular gap 7 and through the profiled grooves 9.

For the preparation of combustion products on an open fire, such as a grill, the cooking container 5 is removed from the upper part of the furnace body 1. The device for stacking fuel 3 rises up closer to the upper part of the housing 1, and is fixed in a predetermined position using the device 10, depending on the calorific value of the fuel and the desired temperature. Skewers 14 or grill grill 15 with products is installed, if necessary, in profiled grooves 8 and 9 for cooking the necessary dishes.

Using the proposed technical solution will improve the efficiency of the furnace, increase its time with constant fuel consumption and improve the mass-dimensional characteristics of the furnace.

Claims (11)

1. A furnace containing a housing, mainly vertically oriented, preferably in the form of a hollow cylinder, a combustion chamber with a device for storing fuel and a door for loading fuel placed inside the housing, a heating element located above the combustion chamber, made in the form of a container for cooking, predominantly cauldron, characterized in that the heating element of the furnace is mounted on the furnace body with a radial annular gap between its walls and the walls of the furnace body, wherein said gap Follow the important function of a chimney. 2. The oven according to claim 1, characterized in that the container for cooking, mainly a cauldron, is removable. 3. The oven according to claim 1, characterized in that the container for cooking, mainly a cauldron, is fixed. 4. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing of the cooking container is made of cast iron, and its lid is made of aluminum. 5. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper part of the furnace body is profiled with the possibility of removing and installing containers for cooking and other items for cooking, mainly skewers. 6. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the radial annular gap between the walls of the cooking container and the walls of the furnace body is made adjustable in the ratio S = (0.1 ... 0.2) D, where S is the radial annular gap, D - the diameter of the container for cooking in a plane extending perpendicular to the upper edge of the furnace body. 7. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the chimney is made in the form of several, mainly four to six, gaps between the walls of the container for cooking and the walls of the furnace body. 8. The oven according to claim 1, characterized in that in the upper part of the furnace body are mounted with the possibility of adjusting the gap between the cooking vessel and the furnace wall brackets, one end interacting with the furnace body, the other with the wall of the cooking vessel, mainly cauldron . 9. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for stacking fuel is made with the possibility of its movement relative to the combustion chamber, mainly along the height of the furnace. 10. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for stacking fuel is made with the possibility of its movement relative to the combustion chamber and fixation in a certain position, mainly along the height of the furnace. 11. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that a gate is pivotally mounted in the door of the furnace, comprising a panel, a handle for opening, configured to change its position with respect to the furnace elements by introducing a profiled handle element into the gap between the surfaces of the gate and the furnace door and turning it around the axis of rotation of the handle, while the handle for opening the gate is made in the form of at least two plates, flat and profiled, interconnected and having a common axis of rotation, and the profiled element of the handle inserted into the gap The gap between the gate and the door is made of profiled variable section, expanding to the axis of rotation, mainly in the form of a rectangular triangle.

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