RU2470123C2 - Building structure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention is attributed to the field of construction, specifically to a building from metal structures. A building comprises metal trusses resting on columns with upper and lower belts, combined with braces, from upper and lower longitudinal joints that combined belts of adjacent trusses. A structure also comprises a flooring in the form of profiled metal sheets resting on upper belts of adjacent trusses, from external walls installed between columns along the building perimetre. Profiled metal sheets combined to each other into tapes are attached to both upper and lower longitudinal links, besides, their corrugations are directed along the plane of trusses, at the same time upper and lower tapes of sheets via rigid elements are connected to each other on support beams installed between columns. Tapes form a closed contour around trusses, besides, all tapes from profiled sheets between adjacent trusses are combined with each other.

EFFECT: reduced metal intensity of a building.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction, in particular to the field of construction of industrial and public buildings from metal structures.

The construction of the building, consisting of metal trusses resting on supporting columns or on truss trusses with upper and lower belts joined by braces, from upper and lower longitudinal ties uniting the belts of adjacent trusses. The design also consists of a flooring in the form of profiled metal sheets resting on the upper belts of adjacent trusses, from external walls installed between the columns around the perimeter of the building.

The difference lies in the fact that the profiled metal sheets joined together in ribbons are attached to both upper and lower longitudinal bonds, and their corrugations are directed along the plane of the trusses, while the upper and lower ribbons of the sheets are interconnected via rigid elements columns supporting beams. Tapes form a closed loop around the trusses, in addition, all tapes of profiled sheets between adjacent trusses are interconnected.

Building constructions are known, consisting of load-bearing columns with metal trusses on which floor slabs and external curtain walls are laid (1, p. 23). The columns may be reinforced concrete or metal. In the upper and lower zones of the farms, connections are established in the form of directed along the building and in the form of braces. Metal trusses consist of lower and upper belts and braces connecting them. External walls are fastened between the columns. Insulation is laid on the floor slabs and a roof covering is arranged. In some cases, instead of cover plates, a galvanized metal profiled flooring is laid on the upper truss belt (1, p. 27), on which a vapor barrier layer, insulation and, usually with an air gap, a second galvanized sheet or roll sheets connected to each other by folded joints are laid .

The closest technical solution in relation to the claimed solution is the building structure, consisting of supporting columns, trusses with a coating of corrugated board, with insulation and with a roof top profiled sheet (1, p. 27, Fig. 1.13), since it has a larger number of common essential features with the stated decision. The specified known decision is taken as a prototype. It is characterized by the fact that the building is made of trusses resting on supporting columns with braces, with lower and upper belts, with longitudinal ties attached to the upper belt, and with longitudinal ties attached to the lower belt, coated on top of the trusses in the form of a profiled metal sheet with corrugations located along the building, with external walls, insulation on the profiled sheet and roofing, also in the form of a profiled sheet.

The disadvantage of this design is that the metal consumption of such structures is high and is determined by the calculation of metal trusses and the frame of the building structure as a whole as a frame structure.

The aim of the invention is to reduce the consumption of metal on the structure, reducing the cost of the building.

The essence of the invention is that the profiled metal sheets joined together in strips are attached to both upper and lower longitudinal bonds, and their corrugations are directed along the plane of the trusses, while the upper and lower strip of sheets are connected through rigid elements to each other columns of supporting beams, forming a closed loop around the trusses, in addition, all tapes of profiled sheets between adjacent trusses are interconnected.

The essence of the invention is disclosed in the drawings, which show:

figure 1 is a transverse section of a building with a truss resting on support beams installed on top of the columns, with profiled metal sheets in the form of tapes along the upper and lower truss belts,

figure 2 is a fragment of the supporting part of the section of the building,

figure 3 is a fragment of a longitudinal section of a building.

The building structure consists of load-bearing columns 1 (Fig. 1), metal trusses 2. Trusses 2 have an upper girdle 3, lower girdle 4, braces 5. The columns are supported by a foundation 6. The trusses are supported by support beams 10 installed along the top of the columns along the longitudinal axis of the building. The longitudinal ties 11 are attached to the upper belt 3 of the trusses 2, to which, in turn, the floorings are attached in the form of separate profiled galvanized sheets 7 with corrugations directed along the plane of the trusses with the ridge 13. The longitudinal ties 12 are also attached to the lower belt of the farms 2 to which profiled galvanized sheets 7 are attached also with corrugations directed along the plane of the trusses.

Separate profiled sheets 7 and 8 are interconnected by bolted connections 14 and form two strips of sheets along the upper and lower zones. On the supports, these tapes are interconnected by a uniting element, which can, for example, also be made of profiled sheet 9, attached to a metal frame 13 of the end of the truss. Some designs of this type may not have a unifying element. In the longitudinal direction of the building, adjacent sheets, and therefore tapes, are also interconnected, for example, by bolted joints and form uniform planes throughout the building for segmented surface trusses.

Figure 2 shows the support of the trusses 2 with profiled sheets 7 and 8 on the support beams 10. As can be seen from the figure, the bottom sheet 8 is attached to the support beam 10 by bolted connections 14. The upper sheet 7 is attached by bolted connections 14 to the extreme upper longitudinal connection 11. The end profiled sheet 9 is also attached with bolted connections 14 to the extreme longitudinal ties 11 and 12 of the upper and lower belts 3 and 4 and combines the upper and lower ribbons of the sheets. Figure 3 shows a fragment of a longitudinal section of the building by trusses 2, from which it is seen that a closed contour is created around trusses 2 from profiled sheets 7 and 8. Sheets 8 are attached to longitudinal ties 12 attached to the lower belt 4 of trusses 2.

When a vertical snow load is applied to the upper profiled sheet 7, which acts as a roof, the forces are transferred to the upper longitudinal connections 11 and then to the braces 5 of the truss 2. The bending of the structure leads to compression forces in the upper profiled sheets 7 and to stretching in the lower profiled sheets 8 The upper profiled sheets 7 form a supporting shell, and the lower 8 - a stretched membrane. The braces of 5 farms are also included in the work. The support of such a coating is carried out not at individual points, places of supports of the trusses 2 on the columns 1, but along the length of the support beams 10 through the stiffening element 9. This makes it possible to increase the number of trusses 2 and the number of columns 1 on which the beams rest on the building, if necessary 10, and lighten the foundation 6. In this case, the outer walls 15 can have any structure that can be assembled in situ from profiled sheets or, for example, from sandwich panels.

Installation of the building is carried out by mounting trusses with subsequent fastening of profiled sheets. In some cases, the profiled sheets of the lower chord may be replaced by a rolled steel galvanized sheet. The upper profiled sheet serves as a roof, and if necessary, the building is insulated with insulation placed on the lower profiled sheets 8.

Thus, profiled sheets, including work, facilitate the farm and significantly reduce the metal consumption of the structure as a whole. The design of such a building with trusses allows the use of standard elements of rolled metal and metal products and does not require special manufacturing technology. Such a coating can be used in single-story buildings and in the form of the last floors of multi-story buildings. The span of structures can reach 60 m. It is possible to apply such a design in the construction of sports facilities, warehouses, production halls, etc.

Literature

1. Metal structures. The construction of buildings volume 2. Textbook. Higher School Publishing House 1998

Claims (1)

The building structure, consisting of metal trusses resting on supporting columns with upper and lower belts joined by braces, from upper and lower longitudinal ties uniting the belts of adjacent trusses, from the flooring in the form of profiled metal sheets resting on the upper belts of adjacent trusses, from external walls installed between the columns around the perimeter of the building, characterized in that the profiled metal sheets joined together in ribbons are attached to both upper and lower longitudinal bonds, moreover, their corrugations are directed along the plane of the trusses, while the upper and lower ribbons of sheets through rigid elements are interconnected on the support beams installed between the columns, forming a closed loop around the trusses, in addition, all ribbons of profiled sheets between adjacent trusses are interconnected.

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