RU2469210C2 - Method to convert energy of fluid agent into mechanical operation and device for its realisation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: rolling of a shell in chambers is carried out by means of action of a traction body force at a shell and exposure of the shell to the pressure of the fluid agent interacting with the shell. The method is carried out by a device arranged from two coaxially installed shells of different diameter, at the same time chambers formed by shells are communicated with systems of supply and removal of the fluid agent, and the element of the drive or the entire drive is arranged in the inner shell.

EFFECT: using the invention makes it possible to perform various functions, for instance, to pull vacuum, to convert thermal, hydraulic or pneumatic energy into a rotary movement of an actuator.

6 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of converting one type of energy into another and can be used in internal combustion engines, heat engines, hydraulic units, pumps, vacuum pumps, mixers, degassers and other machines for various functional purposes.

A known method of moving the shell, including the reciprocating movement of the shell by a traction body, feeding and removing a fluid agent from the shell (USSR AS 1536047).

The disadvantage of this method is the limited functionality of the method. The disadvantage of this device is also the limited performance of various functions.

A device for converting reciprocating motion into rotational (A.S. 1450511) is known. Known volumetric engine (AS USSR F04B 43/00 No. 1543118). Also known is a device for converting the energy of the working fluid into electricity (AS USSR 1529357). Other devices are known, for example, a thermal engine (AS USSR 1468113), a device for converting thermal energy into mechanical energy (AS USSR 1455053), a volume engine (AS USSR S4 1543118 A, F04B 43/00 ), volumetric engine (USSR AS 1523749 A1), heat engine (USSR AS 1468113 A1 F03G 7/06).

The disadvantage of these devices is limited functionality.

Also known are devices for pumping a fluid (AS USSR 1455045, AS USSR 1574905), a volume displacement pump (AS USSR 1536047), a volume displacement pump (AS USSR 1441082).

The disadvantage of these devices is limited functionality.

With the development of small and medium-sized businesses, as well as individual entrepreneurship, a great need arose for the use of multifunctional devices. Such a need arose in the field of construction, for example, during the construction and restoration of pipelines for various purposes. For example, when restoring pipelines by a trenchless method by applying a cement-sand mixture, the following equipment is necessary: diesel power station; pump; compressor; mixer; concrete feed pump; Vacuum pump; dehumidifier. These units in the production cycle work almost separately and in a certain sequence. The duration of each unit does not exceed 10% of the total cycle of work. Therefore, most units are idle when other units are doing work.

The closest prototype is a pneumatic hydraulic drive Uryadko V.N. A.S. USSR No. 918590 F15B 15/10, F04B 49/06, which contains a mountain elastic shell, a device for supplying a drive medium. The disadvantage of this device is that it has limited functionality, low efficiency and limited power.

The objective of the invention is the creation of a multifunctional unit and method, providing various functions.

The creation of this method and unit provides: reduction in the amount of equipment; reduces the cost of equipment; reduces the time for completion of work; reduces the number of workers providing equipment.

The goal is achieved by the combined use of the group of inventions.

A method of converting a fluid agent into mechanical work, including feeding and removing a fluid agent in a cavity of the shells and rolling the shell.

A method of converting a fluid agent into mechanical work, including reciprocating rolling of a shell by feeding and removing a fluid agent in a cavity of a shell, converting this rolling into rotation of the working body due to the interaction of the inner surface of the shell with the working body.

The simultaneous rolling of coaxially mounted shells of different diameters and the supply and removal of a fluid agent into the cavities formed by the shells also expand the functionality. The simultaneous impact on the shell of the force of the traction body and the force transmitted by the pressure of the fluid agent interacting with the shell (s), expands the functionality.

Synchronous rolling of two toroidal shells expands functionality, increases efficiency and power. This is achieved by the fact that the inner mountainous shell reduces and increases the volume of the chambers, and carries out mass transfer of heat and fluid agent from one cavity to another.

The difference in the force acting on the shell (s) in the chambers expands the functionality.

The implementation of the device from the chambers connected to each other, and the installation in the chambers of the shell, both ends of which are bent and interconnected or fixed along the perimeters of the chambers, which are in communication with the supply and removal of reagents, the cavity of the shell is filled with a fluid medium in which the element drive or traction mechanism, expands functionality.

The interaction of the shell with the drive element or the element connecting the ends of the shells expands the functionality.

Installing the drive in a enclosure also extends the functionality.

The implementation of the device from coaxially installed shells of different diameters and the communication system for supplying and removing a fluid agent with cavities formed by the shells, extends the functionality.

The communication of the chambers with vacuum systems or reagent mixing systems, or with systems for supplying and removing fluid agent expands the functionality.

The drawings show:

figure 1 - engine;

figure 2 - pump;

figure 3 is a device from two shells;

figure 4 - pump containing coaxially mounted shell;

figure 5 - vacuum pump;

figure 6 - mixer;

Fig.7 - torus motor-pump;

on Fig - pump-compressor;

figure 9 is a multifunctional device.

In the description, the terms sleeve and torus are used, which are defined by the general term - toroidal shell. A sleeve is a toroidal shell that is half a torus. In this case, one end of the sleeve is fixed around the perimeter of the chamber, and the second end of the sleeve is bent and connected to the working body.

The device shown in Fig. 1 is made of a housing 1, in which a torus 2 is installed, forming cavities 3, 4, which are equipped with exhaust valves 5, 6. In the torus 2, sprockets 7, 8 are installed on the shafts 9, connected to the working body ( not shown). The exhaust valves 10, 11 are connected to a gas generator 12, which is connected through a burner 13 (heater) to the receiver 14. The cavity of the torus 2 is in communication with the air supply system. The valves 16 regulate the supply and removal of gas in the cavity 3, 4. On the inner surface of the torus 2 is fixed to the roller chain 17, interacting with sprockets 7, 8.

The device depicted in figure 2, is made of a housing 1, a torus 2.

Top 2 forms in the housing 1 cavities 3, 4, which are in communication with the fluid supply systems 18, 19 and its withdrawal systems 20, 21.

The device shown in figure 3, is made of a torus 2, through which passes the sleeve 22 (shell). The ends 23 of the sleeve 22 are bent and hermetically fixed along the perimeter of the torus 2 (shell). Cavities 24, 25 through valves 26 are in communication with a system 27 for supplying a fluid agent (gas, liquid, steam) and with a system for discharging a fluid agent 28.

The device shown in Fig. 4 is made of a torus 2, through which a sleeve 22 passes. The ends 23 of the sleeve 22 are bent and hermetically fixed along the perimeter of the torus 2 (shell). The cavities 24, 25 through the valves 26 are in communication with the system 27 for supplying a fluid agent (gas, liquid, steam) and with a system for removing the fluid agent 28. The sleeve 22 is installed in the housings 29, 30 and forms cavities 31, 32, which are in communication with the systems 33, 34 suction steam from storage (not shown) and with systems 35, 36 condensate collection.

The device shown in Fig. 5 is made of a housing 1 in which a torus 2 is installed, cavities 3, 4 are in communication with the mixed reagent supply systems 37, 38 and with the ready-made solution collection systems 39, 40.

The device shown in Fig.6 is made of a housing 1, in which a torus 2 is installed, forming cavities 3, 4, 41. In the torus 2, rollers 43 are mounted on the frame 42 on the shafts 44. One or more rollers with asterisks is connected to the motor gear 45, which cable 46 is connected to an electric current source 47, which is installed outside the housing 1. Cavities 3, 4 are in communication with fluid supply systems 48, 49, as well as with removal systems 50, 51.

The device shown in Fig. 7 is made of a torus body 52, in which tori 53 are mounted, forming cavities 54, 55 in the body 52, in communication with the gas supply and removal system (similar to the device shown in Fig. 1). On the middle part of the tori 53 are installed, for example, friction rollers 58 on the shafts 9, transmitting their rotation to a mechanism that converts the rotation of the shafts into any movement of the working body (not shown). The cavities of the tori 53 are filled with a fluid agent, for example air, under the necessary pressure.

The device shown in Fig. 8 is made of a torus body 52 in which tori 53 filled with a fluid agent are mounted. The tori 53 form cavities 54, 55, connected with systems 56 for supplying gas, liquid, mixed reagents or suction of gas, steam, as well as with systems 57 for collecting gas, liquid, solution, and condensate. Elements 58 are installed on the middle part of the tori 53, which convert the reciprocating motion of the middle part of the tori 53 into any known movement of the working body 59.

The device shown in Fig.9, made of two buildings 60 made of parts 61, 62 of different diameters. Sleeves 63 are fixed along the perimeter of the parts 61. Tori 66 are installed on the rods 65 in the parts 62. The rods 65 are interconnected by a gear rack 67, which interacts with the gear 68 mounted on the shaft 69, which transmits the reverse rotation of the gear 68 to the necessary movement of the working body 70 Cavities 71, 72 are in communication with systems 73 for supplying steam or gas, or liquid, or various reagents, or suctioning steam, as well as with systems 74 for collecting condensate, gas or liquid, or solution. Cavities 75, 76 communicate with gas or liquid supply systems 77 with gas or liquid removal systems 78.

The device depicted in figure 1, operates as follows.

Gas is supplied to cavity 3 from receiver 14. Gas is removed from cavity 4 through valve 5. Top 2 rolls to the right and rotates sprockets 7, 8. Sprocket 7 transmits rotation to shaft 9, and sprocket 8 rotates idle. After the torus 2 arrives, gas is supplied to it until the end of cavity 4, and it is removed from cavity 3 through valve 6. Top 2 starts rolling to the left. Asterisk 7 begins to rotate idle, and asterisk 8 transmits rotation to the working body. In this case, the device operates in engine mode, converting the energy of hot gas into work.

The device depicted in figure 2, operates as follows.

An asterisk 7 is rotated by any engine, which, interacting with the roller chain 17, moves a torus 2, which squeezes a fluid agent, steam, gas or liquid into the system 20. The cavity 4 begins to fill with a fluid agent (steam, gas, liquid). After the torus 2 reaches the end of the cavity 3, the rotation of the sprockets 7, 8 is reversed. The asterisk 7 starts to rotate idle, and the asterisk 8 moves the torus 2 to the right, due to its interaction with the roller chain 17. The fluid agent is again displaced from the cavity 4 into the system 21, and the cavity 3 is filled with a fluid agent. The device operates in pump, compressor mode.

The device depicted in figure 3, operates as follows. System 27 serves a fluid agent into cavity 24, and from cavity 25 it is removed by system 28. Top 2 and sleeve 22 begin to roll to the left. The roller chain 17 rotates the sprocket 7, which rotates the working body. Asterisk 8 rotates idle. After the torus 2 and the sleeve 22 have reached the leftmost position, the flowing agent begins to flow into the cavity 25 and withdraw it from the cavity 24. Top 2 and the sleeve 22 begin to roll to the right. The rotation of the sprockets 7, 8 is reversed. Asterisk 7 begins to rotate idle, and asterisk 8 transmits rotation to the working body. After the arrival of the torus 2 and the sleeve 22 in the extreme right position, there is again a change in the supply and removal of the fluid agent from the cavities 24, 25.

With the reciprocating movement of the torus 2, it provides completely new functions:

- carries out the transfer of a fluid agent enclosed in a torus 2 and cavities 24, 25;

- carries out heat transfer from the cavities 24, 25;

- changes the pressure and working volume of the cavities 24, 25.

The device operates in engine mode.

The device depicted in figure 4, operates as follows.

Reversible sprockets 7, 8, torus 2 and sleeve 22 are rotated by the engine and begin to move in the bodies 29, 30 reciprocatingly. When the torus 2 and the sleeve 22 are moved to the right, cold gas is supplied by the system 27 to the cavity 25. The sleeve 22 begins to cool the steam in the cavity 31, which condenses and the condensate is squeezed out into the system 36. The vapor is sucked into the cavity 32 by the system 33 from the storage, for example, an aluminum tank, which contains the wet product (grain, salted fish, etc.). When the torus 2 and the sleeve 22 move to the left, the system 28 removes cold gas from the cavity 25, and the system 27 delivers cold gas to the cavity 24. The steam in the cavity 32 condenses and is squeezed out into the condensate collection system 35.

The device operates in a vacuum pump mode and dries the product in storage. Since the vacuum is created in a pulsed manner, a deeper vacuum is achieved in the cavities 35, 36, and the moisture leaves the product not only as a vapor, but also as an aerosol consisting of steam and tiny droplets of liquid. This increases the drying efficiency.

With the reciprocating movement of the torus 2, it provides completely new functions:

- carries out the transfer of a fluid agent enclosed in a torus 2 and cavities 24, 25;

- carries out heat transfer from the cavities 24, 25;

- changes the pressure and working volume of the cavities 24, 25.

The device depicted in figure 5, operates as follows. By reversing the rotation of the sprockets 7, 8, which are rotated by the engine, move the torus 2 in the housing 1 reciprocatingly. The system 37, 38 in the cavity 3, 4 serves a predetermined number of different reagents, such as cement, sand, water. Tor 2 moves the product (solution) through the cavities 3, 4.

Since the torus 2 makes a complex movement, it moves translationally and rotationally. At appropriate speeds, cavitations begin to occur in the volume of the solution, which grind the reagents and accelerate their mixing. Stirring the solution contributes to its periodic compression and expansion. After a predetermined number of cycles of movement of the torus 2, the systems 39, 40 are opened and the solution 2 is squeezed into them from the cavities 3, 4 with the torus 2.

The device operates in mixer mode.

The device shown in Fig.6, operates as follows.

The gear motor 45 reversely rotates the rollers with sprockets 43. The reverse rotation of the rollers with sprockets 43 rolls the torus 2 along the housing 1 reciprocatingly. When the torus 2 is moved to the right, the liquid from the cavity 3 is squeezed out into the system 50, and the liquid enters the cavity 4 from the system 49. When the torus 2 is moved backward, the liquid from the cavity 4 is squeezed out into the system 51 and enters the cavity 3 from system 48. The device operates pump.

The device shown in Fig.7, operates as follows.

The heated gas from the receiver 14 is supplied to the cavity 54 and removed from the cavity 55. The tori 53 begin to roll from the cavity 54 to the cavity 55. The friction rollers 58 begin to rotate due to the movement of the middle part of the tori 53 relative to them. Two friction rollers 58 transmit torque to the working organ. Two other friction rollers 58 rotate idle. After the tori 53 completely enter the cavity 55, there is a change in the supply and removal of gas in the cavities 54, 55. The tori 53 reverse the movement. They exit from the cavity 55 to the cavity 54. The rollers 56 reverse the rotation, while two of them transmit torque to the working body, and two rollers 58 rotate idle.

The device operates in engine mode.

The device shown in Fig. 8 operates as follows.

The working body 59 rotates the friction rollers 58 in reverse. Reversible rotation of the rollers 58 when they interact with the middle part of the tori 53 rolls the tori 53 reciprocating.

The tori 53 periodically enter and exit the cavities 54, 55. When the tori 53 exit the cavity 54, a product enters it (steam, gas, reagents, etc.). From the cavity 55 of the torus 53 squeeze the product into the system 57.

When the rotation of the rollers 58 is reversed, the product enters the cavity 55 and is squeezed out of the cavity 54 into the system 57.

The device can operate as an engine, pump, vacuum pump, mixer, etc.

The device shown in Fig.9, operates as follows.

System 73 delivers gas to the cavity 71, and system 77 delivers gas to the cavity 76. From the cavities 75, 72, the gas is vented by systems 78 and 74.

Torah 66 and sleeves 63 together with rods 65 and rail 67 move to the right.

The rack 67 rotates the gear 68, which through the shaft 69 transmits the rotation of the working body 70.

After the arrival of the sleeves 63 and the tori 66 in the extreme right position, the gas supply and exhaust are changed. By system 73, gas is supplied to cavity 72, and by system 77, gas is supplied to cavity 75. Rack 67 begins to move to its original position by rotating gear 68 back. This rotation through the shaft 69 is also transmitted to the working body 70.

The device operates in engine mode.

If the gear 68 is rotated reversely with the engine, and the necessary product is fed and removed in the cavities 71, 72, 75, 76, the device will work as a pump, compressor, mixer, etc.

Example 1

The energy of the compressed gas was converted into the rotational movement of the working body. The method was carried out by the device depicted in Fig. 8.

System 56 introduced compressed gas into the cavity 54, and system 57 remove it from the cavity 55. The tori 53 moved from the cavity 54 to the cavity 55. The movement of the middle part of the tori 53 was converted into the necessary movement of the working body 59.

By changing the supply and exhaust gas in the cavities 54, 55, returning the tori 53 to its original position, while the movement of the tori 53 by the rollers 58 was converted into a movement of the working body.

Example 2

The working body 59 was moved to pump a fluid agent, for example, to supply compressed gas (acting as a compressor).

The method was carried out by the device depicted in Fig. 8.

The working body 59 reversed the rotation of the rollers 58, with which the tori 53 was moved back and forth. Between the tori 53, a fluid agent (gas) was pumped and removed. If the gas was supplied into one cavity, then it was removed from the opposite cavity. When the movement of the tori 53 is reversed, the gas supply and exhaust in the cavity 54, 55 are changed.

Gas was supplied into the opposite cavity 55, and it was removed from the cavity 54. By moving the tori 53, they were squeezed and gas was supplied to the consumer.

The use of the invention allows to expand the functionality of the device.

The device can be made with a diameter of 0.5-20 m and a length of hundreds of meters. This allows you to reduce costs, increase the power and productivity of the device.

Claims (6)

1. The method of converting the energy of a fluid agent into mechanical work, including the reciprocating movement of the toroidal shell by the action of the fluid agent on the toroidal shell, characterized in that the energy conversion of the fluid agent is produced by the action of the roller chain attached to the inner toroidal shell on the sprockets, kinematically connected to the working body. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that two shells of different diameters installed coaxially are rolled simultaneously. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the fluid agent is supplied and removed in the cavity formed by the torus shells. 4. The device for implementing the method according to claim 1, made from a housing in which the torus shell is mounted with the possibility of rolling, while the housing and the torus shell form cavities in communication with the system for supplying and removing a fluid agent, characterized in that on the inner surface is toroidal the shell is fixed to a roller chain kinematically interacting with sprockets connected to working bodies. 5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that two toroidal shells are formed coaxially in the housing, forming cavities that are in communication with the fluid supply and removal system. 6. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the housing is toroidal, with two toroidal shells being installed in it, forming cavities in communication with the fluid supply and removal system.

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