RU2468905C2 - Method of grinding by wheel periphery - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to machine building and may be used in grinding with lubricant-coolant. Grinding is carried pout with application of vibrations along the grinding wheel axle. The latter is mounted on disc chuck between two polyurethane straps and two nonferromagnetic discs rigidly secured to disc chuck with perforated edges. Perforated holes are shifted in peripheral direction through angle making half the angle between two adjacent holes. Lubricant-coolant is forced via four nozzles arranged at 180° on grinding wheel cover and case.

EFFECT: simplified design, higher quality.

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Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, namely to grinding with the use of cutting fluids (coolant), and can be used on grinding machines that process the periphery of the circle.

There is a grinding method, according to which the grinding wheel is rotated and the workpiece is informed about it, as a result of which the wheel comes into contact with the surface being machined and removes the allowance (Metalworker Handbook / Edited by M.P. Novikov, P.I. Orlov. - M.: Mechanical engineering t. 4. - 1977. P.71).

The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using the known method include the fact that in the known method, improving the quality of the polished surface can be achieved either by softer grinding modes (compared to the recommended ones) or by replacing the recommended grinding wheel, which inevitably leads to decreased processing performance.

There is also known a method of supplying a cutting fluid, according to which a rolling pin is mounted on the grinding wheel casing with the possibility of axial movement, on which nozzles for supplying coolant are rigidly fixed using rods, implemented in the device according to autosweet. USSR No. 1222512, cl. B24B 55/02, 1986

The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using the known method include the fact that the implementation of this method implies the installation of an additional oscillating oscillator on the grinding machine, which requires expensive modernization of certain components of the grinding machine.

There is also a known method of grinding surfaces with the periphery of a circle, according to which, along with the rotation of the grinding wheel, longitudinal vibrations are set from the vibrator of longitudinal vibrations (See Kumabe D. Vibration cutting: Translated from Japanese by S.L. Maslennikov / Ed. By I.I. Portnov , VV Belova. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1985. S. 375), adopted for the prototype.

The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using the known method include the fact that in the known method, improving the quality of the polished surface can be achieved by completely replacing the grinding head of a conventional grinding machine with a new head with a vibrating grinding wheel, which is not always possible under real production conditions .

The invention consists in the following. As you know, the grinding process is accompanied by large forces and high temperatures in the cutting zone, which leads to a decrease in the quality of the machined surfaces. In addition, with mortise grinding, there is a high probability that abrasive grain can get into an already machined groove, which reduces the number of cutting grains and increases the power load on other grains. The presence of oscillating oscillations of the grinding wheel reduces the coefficient of friction of abrasive grains on the material of the processed surface, forces and temperature in the cutting zone, increases the number of cutting grains and, as a result, improves the quality of the machined surfaces.

The technical result is a simplification of the design of the oscillation source and improving the quality of polished surfaces.

The specified technical result in the implementation of the invention is achieved by the fact that in the known method on a rotating circle impose vibrations along its axis.

The peculiarity lies in the fact that the grinding wheel is installed on the faceplate between two gaskets made of polyurethane and two metal disks rigidly fixed on the faceplate with holes made around the circumference, the number of which is even, and the holes of the disks are displaced in the circumferential direction by an angle equal to half the angle between adjacent openings of one disk, and supplying cutting fluid under pressure to the said disks through four nozzles, which fasten two at an angle of 180 ° on the cover and casing grinding wheel.

The drawings show:

figure 1 shows a diagram of a device for implementing the method;

figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1.

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention with obtaining the above technical result

The grinding wheel 1 is rotated, the working feed is turned on and the grinding process is started. At the same time, through the hoses 2 and nozzles 3, mounted on the cover 4 and the casing 5 of the grinding wheel, coolant is fed, which through the holes in the hard disks 6 to the faceplate 7 of the disks 8 and 9 alternately acts on the left and right ends of the grinding wheel. Getting into the holes of the left disk 8, the coolant shifts the grinding wheel to the right (figure 2). The right end of the circle at this time is protected from the coolant by the right disc 9. Then, opposite the nozzles, the holes of the right disc appear and the coolant acts on the right end of the circle, shifting it to the left. The left end of the wheel at this time is protected from coolant by the left disk 8. This process is cyclically repeated when the grinding wheel is rotated. The flexibility of the circle in the axial direction is provided by two gaskets 10 made of a material with a relatively small modulus of elasticity (for example, polyurethane).

Thus, oscillation of the grinding wheel arises, which contributes to a decrease in the coefficient of friction of abrasive grains on the material of the workpiece, to a decrease in the heat-stress intensity of the process, and to an increase in the quality of the processed surface.

In addition, part of the coolant volume penetrates into the pore space of the grinding wheel, under the action of centrifugal forces, moves to its periphery and, penetrating the grinding zone, helps to increase its efficiency.

Claims (1)

A method of grinding surfaces by the periphery of a circle, comprising applying vibration to a rotating circle along its axis, characterized in that the grinding wheel is mounted on the faceplate between two gaskets of polyurethane and two metal disks rigidly fixed to the faceplate with holes made around the circumference, the number of which is even, and the holes of the disks are displaced in the circumferential direction by an angle equal to half the angle between adjacent holes of one disk, and a cutting fluid is supplied under pressure by pressing on the mentioned disks through four nozzles, which fasten two at an angle of 180 ° on the cover and casing of the grinding wheel.

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