RU2467059C1 - Resin binder for making coal briquettes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to binder for coal fuel briquettes, which contains resin wastes - still residues from production of diaphene "FP", which are universal surfactants.

EFFECT: obtained coal fuel briquttes have high calorific value and mechanical strength.

2 cl, 1 tbl, 5 ex

Description

The invention relates to a technology for the processing of finely divided coal raw materials into refined fuel for household and technological purposes. Describes a binder for fuel briquettes, consisting of resin - bottoms of the rectification process of the production of diaphene "FP" containing diphenylamide and resinous products of its chemical condensation, satisfying the requirements of TU. The proposed binder allows the molding of briquettes with the necessary strength, moisture resistance, increased calorific value.

Description of the invention

The invention relates to a binder used for the processing of finely divided coal raw materials into refined fuel for household and technological purposes by briquetting with a binder.

The invention allows, according to a simplified technological scheme (without a crushing stage), by direct mixing of coal sludge and screening, to obtain a fuel briquette with high consumer properties from carbon material, to increase the economic efficiency of the enterprises of the fuel and energy complex with the rational use of its coal resources, including secondary ones, and at the same time solve the environmental problems of chemical production - utilize resin - bottoms from the rectification process of production afena "FP".

Distinctive features of the invention are:

- use as a binder of bottoms of the process of rectification of the production of diaphene "FP";

- the required amount of bottoms, amounting to 10% by weight of the initial coal feed.

The technical result is the use of unconventional fuel binder to obtain high-quality fuel briquettes.

The main reasons hampering the development of briquetting of hard and old brown coals is the lack of an affordable and cheap binder. For this reason, everywhere and constantly searching for various options for individual or combined binders to obtain fuel briquettes, as a result of which their range is constantly expanding [1-5].

The selection of binders that simultaneously satisfy all the necessary requirements — availability, low cost, the ability to increase the heat of combustion of the obtained agglomerated fuel and its moisture resistance, the ability to give the briquette high mechanical strength, etc., is a complex technical task.

Among the resinous organic binders - waste from atmospheric vacuum oil refining, binders based on petroleum bitumen and tar of various compositions are used to a greater extent [6].

For example, there is a known method for the production of coal briquettes of old brown coals of the Kangalassky field, which have a low content of bituminous substances, using oil binders - oil bitumen of the Angarsk oil refinery, tar from oil from the Talakan field, lake sapropel of local origin in Yakutia [7].

The disadvantage of this invention is the use of a practically inaccessible additional component - lake sapropel of local origin, the lack of data on coal briquetting, high transportation costs for delivery of brown coal, oil bitumen and tar to the place of extraction.

Closest to the invention is a method for the production of coal fuel briquettes based only on petroleum bitumen, which was dissolved in organic solvents: gasoline, benzene, kerosene and applied in the form of its resulting solution to coal particles of the mixture followed by blowing the solvent off with hot steam [5]. The main disadvantage of this invention is the use of toxic, flammable and explosive solvents, which according to the claimed invention are necessary for uniform application of binders to the surface of coal particles.

The purpose of the invention is the expansion of the existing range of binders, allowing you to create a fuel coal briquette with the necessary consumer properties, with the simultaneous processing of resinous waste large-scale chemical production.

This goal is achieved by using tarry wastes - bottoms from the production of “FP” diaphene (anti-aging rubber), having (according to TU) the following characteristic:

- Appearance - viscous resin from brown to black;

- diphenylamine - not more than 35%;

- resinous condensation products - not less than 65%;

- water - no more than 2%.

Vat residues of the FP production of diaphenes, which are universal surfactants and used to increase the water resistance of asphalt concrete, have important technological properties — they have high adhesion to a solid surface, which is an especially important factor in obtaining agglomerated coal fuel [8].

In this method of producing fuel briquettes with the claimed binder, a mixture of coal sludge and coal fines (with a ratio of 1: 1) was used for the Antonovskaya PF of the Kuznetsk coal basin, represented by coals of the GZ brand with the following characteristics:

(0-1 mm) - 50%; (1-4 mm) - 40%; 4 mm - the rest;

- ash content - 20%;

- calorific value - 5200 kcal / kg;

- humidity - 10%.

Example 1 (prototype) [5]. Obtained after drying, the coal mixture with a residual moisture content of 6% was mixed with a kerosene solution of petroleum bitumen and briquetted according to the technology according to the patent of the prototype [5]. After blowing off the solvent and cooling the resulting briquettes, their quality was checked according to the main consumer indicators. The test results are presented in table 1.

Examples 2-5. For the manufacture of briquettes, the prepared coal mixture prepared from coal sludge and coal screening according to Example 1 was preheated to a temperature of 50 ° and mixed with the bottoms produced by the FP diaphene heated to 60-70 ° with different amounts of binder material. The experimental results and characteristics of the briquettes are presented in table 1.

Example No. Binder Consumption,% Ash content,% Calorific value, kcal / kg Mechanical strength, kg / cm ² 1. prototype [5] 22.0 5400 80 2. according to the claimed invention 6 21.0 5500 90 3. according to the claimed invention 7 20.5 5550 110 4. according to the claimed invention 8 20,2 5610 115 5. According to the claimed invention 9 20.1 5620 116

From table 1 it follows that the maximum mechanical strength (optimal adhesion process) at high heat of combustion of the briquettes is observed at a binder consumption of 8-9% by weight of the coal material.

Information sources

1. Ac No. 1759857, MKL ³ C10L 5/38; C10L 5/36. Laminated fuel briquette. / E.N. Kuskova, V.B.Kuskov, publ. 09/07/1992, Bull. No. 33.

2. RF patent No. 2078794, MKL ³ C10L 5/20. A method of producing coal briquettes / S.S. Budaev, Yu.A. Nifontov, A.R. Molyavko, A.N. Prokashev, B.I. Linev, V.A. Kilyakov, A.V. Skryabin. S.P. Nikolayev, publ. 05/10/1997.

3. RF patent No. 2147029, MKL ³ C10L 5/12; C10L 5/14; C10L 5/16; C10L 5/40. Fuel briquette and method for its production / V.G. Luriy, publ. 03/27/2000.

4. RF patent No. 2146276, MKL ³ C10L 5/44; C10L 5/12. Binder for fuel briquettes / Yu.O. Kasyanov, G.M. Drozdov, A.G. Dyukanov, B.N. Maimur, N.A. Noskov, publ. 03/10/2000.

5. A.S. No. 388011, MKL ³ C10L 5/16. Method for the production of coal briquettes / I.S. Makulin, Yu.A. Dubinchik, M.D. Petrov, B.A. Chernakov, A.Ya. Garbar, publ. 06/22/1973, Bull. No. 28.

6. Elishevich, A.T. Coal briquetting with binders. / A.T. Elishevich - M .: Nedra. - 1972. - 160 p.

7. Petrova, L.A. Getting household fuel briquettes using oil binders / L.A. Petrova, V.G. Latyshev, O.V. Burenina // Oil and gas business, March 2007.

8. Guidelines for the use of bottoms from the production of “FP” diaphene to increase the water and frost resistance of asphalt concrete. M. - 1984.

Claims (2)

1. Organic binder for coal fuel briquettes, characterized in that to increase the calorific value and mechanical strength of fuel briquettes obtained from fine fractions of coal and coal sludge, resinous wastes are used - bottoms from the production of “FP” diaphene related to universal surfactants. 2. The binder according to claim 1, characterized in that its consumption is 8-9% by weight of the coal material.