RU2465824C2 - Apparatus for measurement of degree of masseter and facial muscle tone asymmetry and diagnosis of facial asymmetry - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, particularly, medical equipment for measurement, and may be used for measurement of a degree of human facial asymmetry. An apparatus for measurement of a degree of masseter and facial muscle tone asymmetry and diagnosis of facial asymmetry comprises a vertical graduated rod coupled with a self-positioning sleeve joint freely placed on a support arm. The support arm is placed on a ring-form resizing anchor of the apparatus. The graduated rod comprises a freely placed self-positioning sleeve joint rigidly coupled with the middle of a graduated horizontal rod. On both sides of the graduated horizontal rod, there are freely placed self-positioning sleeve joints each of which is rigidly fixed with graduated telescopic measurers of sagittal sizes of asymmetry perpendicular to the horizontal rod. Each measurer of sagittal sizes is presented in the form of a cylinder with a piston. A free end of the piston comprises a sensor connected to a signal light in a recording unit. A cylinder hollow is connected with a compression air source through a reducer. The reducer is electrically connected with a control unit. A piston travel sensor connected with the recording unit is arranged on the surface of the piston. The cylinder hollow comprises pressure sensors connected with the control unit. Adjusting valves are placed on walls of the cylinders.

EFFECT: invention enables both measurement of facial asymmetry and assessment of a degree of facial muscle tone difference in symmetrical zones.

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Description

The invention relates to medicine, in particular to medical instruments for measuring, and can be used to determine the degree of asymmetry of the tone of the muscles of the face of a person.

A device for determining the tone of skeletal muscles (patent No. 214065 AB 5/04). The device comprises an electromechanical muscle elasticity sensor with two movable elements and an electric displacement transducer, an indication device connected to a power source, and further comprises a signal preprocessing unit made in the form of a microprocessor, an automatic data processing and recording unit, which is used as a computer, and an alarm device associated with the control unit, while the electromechanical muscle elasticity sensor is connected to the input of the microprocessor, one from the outputs of which is connected to the input of the computer, and the other output is connected to the input of the alarm device, the output of the computer is connected to the input of the display device, and the microprocessor is connected to a power source.

A device is known for measuring the asymmetry of a face, comprising: a graduated rod, characterized in that the rod is placed vertically and connected to a sleeve freely placed on the bracket with the possibility of fixing the position; the bracket is placed on a device mount made in the form of a ring with the possibility of resizing; on the graduated rod, a sleeve is freely placed with the possibility of fixing the position, rigidly connected with the middle of the graduated horizontal rod; on both sides of the graduated horizontal rod are freely placed with the possibility of fixing the position of the sleeve, each of which is rigidly connected to the graduated telescopic meters of sagittal asymmetry dimensions, perpendicular to the horizontal rod (Utility Model Patent No. 97042 dated 08/27/2010).

The disadvantage of this device is the inability to assess the degree of difference in the tone of the muscles of the face of a person in symmetrical zones.

The goal is achieved in that the device for measuring the degree of asymmetry of the tone of the masticatory and facial muscles and diagnosing the asymmetry of the face contains a graduated rod, the rod being placed vertically and connected to a sleeve freely placed on the bracket, with the possibility of fixing the position; the bracket is placed on a device mount made in the form of a ring with the possibility of resizing; on the graduated rod, a sleeve is freely placed with the possibility of fixing the position, rigidly connected with the middle of the graduated horizontal rod; on both sides of the graduated horizontal rod are freely placed with the possibility of fixing the position of the sleeve, each of which is rigidly connected to meters of sagittal dimensions of asymmetry, each meter of sagittal sizes made in the form of a cylinder with a piston, a sensor connected to a light signal is placed on the free end of the piston, located in the registration block; the cylinder cavity communicates with a source of compressed air through a gearbox; the gearbox is electrically connected to the control panel; on the surface of the piston contains a piston stroke value sensor associated with the registration unit; in the cavity of the cylinders are pressure sensors associated with the control panel, control valves are placed in the walls of the cylinders.

Figure 1 presents a General view of the device is a side view.

Figure 2 presents a General view of the device is a front view.

The device comprises: a graduated rod (1), and the rod (1) is placed vertically and connected to a sleeve (3) freely placed on the bracket (2) with the possibility of fixing the position; the bracket (2) is placed on the mount of the device (4), made in the form of a ring with the possibility of resizing; on the graduated rod (1), a sleeve (5) is freely placed with the possibility of fixing a position, rigidly connected with the middle of the graduated horizontal rod (6); on both sides of the graduated horizontal rod are freely placed with the possibility of fixing the position of the sleeve (7, 8), each of which is rigidly connected with telescopic meters of sagittal asymmetry dimensions (9), placed perpendicular to the horizontal rod (6), each meter of sagittal asymmetry sizes (9 ) is made in the form of a cylinder (10) with a piston (11), at the free end of the piston (11) there is a sensor (12) connected to the light signal (13) located in the registration unit (14), the cylinder cavity (10) communicates with a source of compressed air (15) through a gearbox (16), which is electrically connected to the control panel (17); on the surface of the piston (11) contains a piston stroke sensor (18) associated with the registration unit (14); in the cavity of the cylinders are pressure sensors (19) associated with the control panel (17), control valves (20) are placed in the walls of the cylinders.

The device operates as follows. The device mount is placed on the head of the subject so that the vertical rod (1) coincides in direction with the plane of symmetry of his face. The size of the attachment ring (4) is adjusted to the size of the head. By moving the sleeve (3) along the bracket (2), the vertical rod (1) is distanced from the tip of the nose being examined by the thickness of the sleeve (3). Move the sleeve (5) and fix it at the first level studied, move the sleeve (7, 8) until the telescopic meters of sagittal dimensions of asymmetry (9) come in contact with the symmetrical points of the person’s face, determining the differences in the distance of these probes from the vertical rod (1) and horizontal rod (6).

The revealed differences in the indicators of horizontal and sagittal measurements allow us to obtain quantitative indicators of asymmetry, which provides a scientific basis for assessing the degree of asymmetry of the face of any person. The moment of contact of the sagittal dimensions of asymmetry (9) with the surface of the skin of the face is recorded by a sensor (12) associated with the light signal (13) in the registration unit (14); in the cavity of the cylinders (10) from the source of compressed air (15) through the gearbox (16), electrically connected to the control panel (17), air is supplied until the pressure inside the cylinders is set from the control panel. Pressure sensors (19) monitor the pressure and, when it is increased, send a signal to the control panel, from where a signal arrives to open the control valves (20) until the set pressure is reached. The free ends of the pistons (11) are deepened into the face tissue at symmetrical points by an amount depending on the tissue tone, the stroke magnitude sensors of each piston (18) associated with the registration unit (14) make it possible to identify these values and determine their differences.

The revealed differences in the indicators of horizontal and sagittal measurements allow us to obtain quantitative indicators of asymmetry, which provides a scientific basis for assessing the degree of asymmetry of the face of any person. Measurement of facial asymmetry is especially important and can be widely used in reconstructive and plastic surgery.

Measurement of facial muscle tone is widely used in dentistry of maxillofacial surgery. For example, when determining the effectiveness of anesthesia in dentistry, the tonus parameters of the masticatory muscles on the “healthy” and “sick” sides are measured, the asymmetry coefficient (in percent) of the indicators is determined by the formula

K ₁ = T _W / T _B × 100,

Where:

K ₁ - coefficient of asymmetry of indicators before anesthesia,

T _H - indicator of the tone of the masseter muscle in the "healthy" side,

T _B - an indicator of the tone of the masticatory muscle on the "sick" side,

and again, 15-17 minutes after the injection of the anesthetic, the asymmetry coefficient (in percent) is determined by the formula

K ₂ = T _For / T _Ba × 100,

Where:

K ₂ - coefficient of asymmetry of indicators after anesthesia;

T _For - an indicator of the tonus of the masticatory muscle on the "healthy"side;

T _Ba - an indicator of the tone of the masticatory muscle on the "sick" side.

The dynamics of asymmetry indices K ₁ -K _{2 is} determined and anesthesia is considered successful with a decrease in the asymmetry index after anesthesia by more than 5%.

The asymmetry index is used due to the fact that during anesthesia the tonus parameters can change not only on the “sick” side, but also on the “healthy” side. (Military dentistry: Textbook / edited by Professor G.I. Prohvatilov. - SPb: VMedA. ELBI, 2008. - P.78).

Measuring the asymmetry of facial muscle tone is proposed for the diagnosis of masticatory muscle parafunctions and is used by measuring the resting tone of the masticatory muscles themselves. To do this, separate the bite by 12-20 mm by establishing a cap on the teeth of the lower jaw for 30-40 minutes, re-examine the tone, and the presence of parafunctions chewing muscles are diagnosed with an increase in tone indicators identified during the re-examination, more than 10%. (Application for the grant of a patent for an invention No. 2008114997 of 04.16.2008)

Claims (1)

A device for measuring the degree of asymmetry of the tone of the masticatory and facial muscles and the diagnosis of facial asymmetry, comprising a graduated rod placed vertically and connected to a sleeve freely placed on the bracket with the possibility of fixing the position; the bracket is placed on a device mount made in the form of a ring with the possibility of resizing; on the graduated rod, a sleeve is freely placed with the possibility of fixing the position, rigidly connected with the middle of the graduated horizontal rod; on both sides of the graduated horizontal rod are freely placed with the possibility of fixing the position of the sleeve, each of which is rigidly connected with graduated telescopic meters of sagittal asymmetry, placed perpendicular to the horizontal rod, characterized in that each sagittal meter is made in the form of a cylinder with a piston, on the free end a piston is placed a sensor connected with a light signal in the registration unit; the cylinder cavity communicates with a source of compressed air through a gearbox; the gearbox is electrically connected to the control panel; on the piston surface there is a piston stroke value sensor connected with the registration unit, pressure sensors connected with the control panel are contained in the cylinder cavity, control valves are placed in the cylinder walls.

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