RU2465145C1 - Fireproof laminar sound-and-heat-insulating material - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of laminar sound-and-heat-insulating fireproof materials for airliners. Proposed material comprises sound-and-heat-insulating and fireproof layers based on inorganic fiber impregnated with heat-resistant binder and lined by heat-resistant material. The latter incorporates basalt finer as said inorganic fiber of sound-and-heat-insulating layer. Silica fiber is used as inorganic fiber of fireproof layer. Additionally, proposed material comprises a layer of nonwoven needle-punched fabric based on aramide fibers impregnated with composition based on water dispersion of copolymer of vinyl chloride with vinyliden chloride and vinyl acetate.

EFFECT: higher operating properties of proposed material.

1 dwg, 1 tbl, 3 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of creating layered soundproofing fire-resistant materials for aviation purposes used in the airborne soundproofing design of passenger aircraft.

Known layered material containing a soundproofing layer - a fibrous mat made of natural or synthetic fibers impregnated with a thermoplastic binder, and a shape-resistant soundproofing layer - a rigid sheet of thermoplastic, for example, polypropylene with mineral filler (US patent No. 4966799).

The disadvantages of this material are low soundproofing properties and the fact that it does not meet the requirements of international standards FAR 25.856 for fire safety (resistance to burning), as it contains low melting thermoplastic polyolefins.

Known layered soundproofing material, including a layer made of nonwoven needle-punched material impregnated with a binder, and a layer in the form of a honeycomb panel based on glass or aramid fabric impregnated with phenol-formaldehyde resin (RF patent No. 2307764).

The disadvantage of this material is that it is not resistant to burning (i.e., it does not meet modern requirements of international fire safety standards FAR 25.856).

The closest analogue adopted for the prototype is a laminated heat and sound insulating fire-resistant material lined with a heat-resistant polymer film, including a heat and sound insulating layer based on borosilicate glass fiber and a binder, and a fire-resistant (highly heat-resistant) layer of organic or glass fibers and a binder, processed (on one or two sides ) mineral, for example vermiculite (US patent 6565040).

The prototype material has low soundproofing properties, especially in the low frequency region. The disadvantages of the prototype material also include: the lack of rigidity (form stability), as a result of which under the influence of vibration and its own weight, the material can wrinkle and sag during operation, the inability to fasten the material at some distance from the fuselage, which would reduce the likelihood of corrosion, low adaptability installation, repair and maintenance.

The technical task of the invention is the creation of a fire-resistant layered soundproofing material with high soundproofing properties (high attenuation coefficient of the sound wave) in a wide frequency range, high resistance to burnout when exposed to flame for 15 minutes (according to modern requirements of FAR 25.856 for fire safety) and shape stability at bending (strength in bending).

To solve this problem, a fireproof layered soundproofing material is proposed, containing heat and sound insulating and fire resistant layers based on inorganic fibers, impregnated with a heat resistant binder, lined with a heat resistant material, in which basalt fiber is used as an inorganic fiber of a heat and sound insulating layer, and a flame-retardant fiber is used as an inorganic fiber, a flame-retardant layer and it further comprises a layer of ap non-woven needle-punched material Midna fibers impregnated with the composition based on an aqueous dispersion of a copolymer of vinyl chloride with vinylidene chloride and vinyl acetate.

BSTV-CH brand basalt fiber (TU 5769-002-57446112-2004) is used as the inorganic fiber of the heat and sound insulating layer, and KV-11 brand silica fiber (TU 5952-184-05-78-69-04 is used as the inorganic fiber of the fire-resistant layer) 2004).

Non-woven needle-punched material is a web of aramid fiber (TU 63.070-128-09).

An aqueous dispersion of a copolymer of vinyl chloride with vinylidene chloride and vinyl acetate (TU 2242-007-54551969-2009) is used as an impregnating composition of a layer of nonwoven needle-punched material based on aramid fibers.

As a heat-resistant binder for basalt and silica fibers, polysulfone is used, for example, grade PSF-150 (TU 6-06-46-90) or phenol-formaldehyde resin, for example, grade SFP-011-L (TU 6-05-1370-90) or grade VIAM-B (TU 6-05-1368-70).

As a heat-resistant facing material, fiberglass coated with polytetrafluoroethylene or a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene with vinylidene fluoride (TU 301-05-422-89, TU 1-92-82-83) or silica fabric KT E 105 (TU 6-48-5786902-91) are used. -91).

Basalt fiber provides good heat-insulating properties, as it has a low coefficient of thermal conductivity, and a highly heat-resistant silica fiber provides high resistance to burning when exposed to a flame, since its melting temperature is higher than the flame temperature.

Facing heat-resistant material ensures the preservation of the properties of the proposed material during operation, as it protects the heat and sound insulating and fire-resistant layers from shedding and pollution.

The combination of these layers provides high heat-shielding properties and fire safety of the proposed material.

An additional layer of non-woven needle-punched material based on aramid fibers, impregnated with a composition based on an aqueous dispersion of a copolymer of vinyl chloride with vinylidene chloride and vinyl acetate, has a high density and in combination with heat and sound insulating and fire-resistant layers of low density lined with heat-resistant material, provides an increase in the attenuation coefficient of the sound wave of the proposed gradient structure material.

The impregnation of a nonwoven needle-punched material with a composition based on an aqueous dispersion of a copolymer of vinyl chloride with vinylidene chloride and vinyl acetate gives it shape stability (bending strength).

It was found that the proposed sound-insulating material has high resistance to burning (in accordance with the requirements of FAR 25.856 for fire safety) and an increased attenuation coefficient of the sound wave in the frequency range from 200 to 2000 Hz, which allows for a high level of sound insulation, and is also form-stable during bending, which increases its manufacturability, prevents crushing and sagging during operation and reduces the likelihood of corrosion of the fuselage.

The figure 1 shows the location of the layers of the proposed material:

1 - heat and sound insulating layer,

2 - fire resistant layer

3 - facing heat-resistant material,

4 - an additional layer of non-woven needle-punched material.

Examples of implementation

Example 1

Heat and sound insulating and fire-resistant layers were obtained by hydroforming from a suspension of basalt and silica fibers (TU 5769-002-57446112-2004, TU 5952-184-05-78-69-04-2004) and phenol-formaldehyde binder SFP-011-L (TU 6-05 -1370-90). Next, drying was carried out at T = 150 ° C in an oven for 1 hour. The thickness of the heat and sound insulating and fire resistant layers was 15 mm and 10 mm, respectively. The obtained layers were lined with fiberglass coated with polytetrafluoroethylene (TU 301-05-422-89) and flashed with a quartz thread.

An additional layer was obtained by impregnating a nonwoven needle-punched fabric of aramid fibers (TU 63.070-128-09) with a composition based on an aqueous dispersion of a copolymer of vinyl chloride with vinylidene chloride and vinyl acetate (TU 2242-007-54551969-2009), followed by drying at a temperature of (105 ± 5) ° C and calibration on a hydraulic press to a thickness of 1.5 mm. The resulting layer was combined with a package consisting of heat and sound insulating and fire-resistant layers lined with fiberglass coated with polytetrafluoroethylene.

The manufacture of the layered material according to examples 2, 3 was carried out analogously to example 1.

In Example 2, PSF-150 polysulfone (TU 6-06-46-90) was used as a binder, the thickness of the heat and sound insulating, fire-resistant layers and the layer of impregnated non-woven fabric was 12 mm, 10 mm and 2.5 mm, respectively. A fiberglass coated with a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene with vinylidene fluoride (TU 1-92-82-83) was used as a heat-resistant facing material.

In example 3, VIAM-B phenol-formaldehyde resin (TU 6-05-1368-70) was used as a binder, the thickness of the heat-sound-insulating, fire-resistant layers and the layer of impregnated non-woven fabric was 25 mm, 8 mm and 1.0 mm, respectively. Silica fabric KT E 105 (TU 6-48-5786902-91-91) was used as a heat-resistant facing material.

Sound insulation properties were evaluated by the sound wave attenuation coefficient (β), which was determined according to OST 190435-2007 on the Pulse Material Testing acoustic complex in the frequency range 200-2000 Hz. The heat flux (resistance to burning) from the cold side of the sample (opposite to the effect of the burner flame) was determined in accordance with the international requirements of FAR 25.856 for fire safety of aviation materials. Bending strength (form stability) was evaluated according to GOST 4648 with a deflection arrow of 10 mm.

Table 1 shows the properties of the obtained material.

Table 1 No. of examples The properties Sound wave attenuation coefficient (β) at a frequency of 200-2000 Hz, 1 / m Heat flow from the cold side of the sample for 15 minutes of exposure to flame, kW / m ² Bending strength (form stability), MPa one 40-164 7.5 7.5 2 44-81 6.0 4.1 3 60-196 7.0 5.8 Prototype 4-38 11.5 less than 0.1

The test results presented in the table show that the proposed material in comparison with the prototype at the same frequencies has a 5-15 times higher sound wave attenuation coefficient, increased resistance to burning (has a lower heat flux from the cold side of the sample) and high bending strength (shape stability), which allows it to be used in the onboard structure of passenger aircraft.

The use of the proposed fireproof laminated soundproofing material will significantly increase the fire safety of passenger aircraft, reduce noise in the cockpit and cabin and increase the reliability of structures made from it during operation.

Claims (4)

1. Fire-resistant layered soundproofing material containing heat-soundproofing and fire-resistant layers based on inorganic fibers, impregnated with a heat-resistant binder and lined with heat-resistant material, characterized in that basalt fiber is used as the inorganic fiber of the heat-soundproof layer, and the cream is an inorganic fiber, and the flame-retardant fiber is a cream it further comprises a layer of nonwoven needle-punched material based on aramid fibers impregnated with a composition based on an aqueous dispersion of a copolymer of vinyl chloride with vinylidene chloride and vinyl acetate. 2. Fire-resistant layered soundproofing material according to claim 1, characterized in that as a heat-resistant binder use polysulfone or phenol-formaldehyde resin. 3. Fire-resistant layered soundproofing material according to claim 1, characterized in that as a facing heat-resistant material using fiberglass coated with polytetrafluoroethylene, or fiberglass coated with a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and vinylidene fluoride, or silica fabric. 4. Fire-resistant layered soundproofing material according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a form-stability during bending.

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