RU2464789C1 - Method for sawing carcasses into half-carcasses - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to meat processing industry and is intended for cutting frozen or cooled meat and meat products. The method envisages hind legs splaying, movement of the carcass into the sawing zone, the cutting tool placement into the working position, the carcass sawing along the spine into two symmetrical half-carcasses. Carcasses are supplied into the sawing zone with the inner side towards the cutting tool. Delivered from the outer side is a special stop bar; then the carcass is scanned for the incision place detection. The cutting tool performs cutting from a distance equal to 1 cm. The cutting tool is represented by a high-energy hydroabrasive stream while the abrasive is represented by rock salt.

EFFECT: method ensures the product quality enhancement, the product losses quantity reduction and the product safety enhancement.

Description

The invention relates to the meat processing industry and is intended for cutting ice cream or chilled meat and meat products, and can be used in meat processing plants, catering establishments and in stores.

The known method of hydraulic cutting of agricultural materials includes the expiration of a high-pressure working jet from the nozzle of the hydraulic cutting equipment, the impact of the working jet on the workpiece moved relative to it, and the choice of the feed quantity S _{i of the} workpiece relative to the working jet, determined by the formula: S _i = (π × d × v ³ × ρ × n × K) :( 8 × t _cp × H), m / s, where: d is the diameter of the cutting working jet, m, V is the speed of the working jet, m / s; ρ is the density of the working jet, kg / m; n is the estimated number of passes; t _cp is the shear strength of the material of the processed object, n / m ² ; H is the thickness of the object, m; Ki-1.9 is an experimental coefficient depending on the value of n [RF patent No. 2080045].

The invention relates to agriculture and is intended for cutting and grinding various agricultural materials mainly in stationary conditions: briquettes, bales and rolls, hay or straw, root crops.

The disadvantage is the inability to use in meat processing plants, catering establishments and in stores, since the energy of the jet without abrasive is not enough to cut the bone.

A known method in which the compression of a liquid fluid at a pressure of 2.0 kbar and its subcooling to a temperature of -20 ° C from the condition of preservation by the fluid of the liquid phase. The blank is placed over the bath. The fluid is supplied from the nozzle to the workpiece placed at pressure and temperature, providing a sharp change in the volume of the fluid and its instant freezing in the form of ice. The ice is thawed in the bath to form the liquid phase of the fluid. Liquid fluid is filtered from the processed products and then sent to the inlet of the fluid circulation system. As a result, the processing efficiency and reliability are improved, and the ecological purity of the processing is also ensured [RF patent No. 2331503].

The disadvantage is the inability to use this method in meat processing plants, catering establishments and in stores due to the high energy consumption and complexity of implementation.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a method of sawing carcasses into half-carcasses using an electric saw, in which the carcass installed on the conveyor feeds the carcasses alternately with the dorsal part to the installation, while the hind limbs are automatically stretched. After stretching, the column with the cutting mechanism is moved to the sawing zone and the cutting mechanism is set to the working position. Carcasses are divided in the middle of the spine into two symmetrical half-carcasses. In this case, the saw is oriented strictly along the spine from the outside of the carcass with the help of clamps. In the process of separation of carcasses, the saw blade for cooling is irrigated with cold water (Rogov I.A., Zabashta A.G., Kazyulin G.P. Technology of meat and meat products. Book 1. General technology of meat. - M .: KolosS, 2009 . - 565 p.).

The prototype has the following disadvantages:

- the need for preliminary holding zamyakotki for more accurate sawing and reduce product losses;

- in the process of sawing, vibration of the saw blade can occur, which leads to crushing of the vertebrae, an increase in the width of the cut and an increase in the number of product losses;

- the need for frequent sharpening of the saw blade for high-quality sawing;

- the need for disinfection of the cutting mechanism;

- the need for rigid fastening of the carcass relative to the cutting mechanism;

- the possibility of metallic impurities entering the product.

The objective of the invention is directed to the development of a method of sawing carcasses into half carcasses, which allows to eliminate the above disadvantages of analogues and prototype.

The problem is solved by the developed method of sawing carcasses into half carcasses, including stretching the hind limbs, moving the carcass into the sawing zone, setting the cutting tool in working position, sawing the carcass in the middle of the spine into two symmetrical carcasses, in which according to the invention the carcass is fed with the inside to the sawing zone cutting tool, and from the outside let down a special emphasis, after which the carcass is scanned to determine the location of the cut and the cutting tool from a distance of 1 cm makes a cut moreover, a high-energy hydroabrasive jet is used as a cutting tool, and rock salt is used as an abrasive.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to improve the quality of the product, reducing the number of product losses and improving product safety.

The claimed technical result is achieved when using a high-energy waterjet jet as a cutting tool. Rock salt is used as an abrasive, the use of salt does not reduce the quality of the product, but at the same time intensifies the cutting process as much as possible.

The sawing device is a cutting head in which a high-energy hydro-jet is formed and mixed with an abrasive, water is supplied through flexible high-pressure hoses from a high-pressure pump station. The cutting head is mounted on a movable carriage, which moves in three coordinates, the main direction along the spine of a shared carcass. Rock salt of a certain quality and in a metered amount is used as an abrasive. This type of abrasive does not impair the quality characteristics of the product.

The optimum distance between the jet forming nozzle of the cutting head and the cutting object is 1 cm, because a shorter distance leads to the complexity of its implementation, and a larger one leads to a decrease in the cutting ability of a high-energy hydro jet.

Since the method of sawing carcasses into half carcasses using a high-pressure waterjet jet involves scanning the carcass and automatically determining the place and trajectory of the cut, no hitching is required, moreover, the thickness of the waterjet jet is from 0.5 to 1 mm and does not change throughout the entire cutting process This ensures a minimum amount of product losses, accuracy of the cut, eliminates the possibility of crushing of the vertebrae, bone tissue particles are instantly carried away by water from the cutting zone. Waterjet jet does not require sharpening. The method of sawing carcasses into half-carcasses using a high-pressure hydroabrasive jet is environmentally friendly and safe, when a supersonic jet hits an obstacle, a bactericidal effect occurs, the use of water and rock salt does not affect the environment.

The method is as follows.

The hind limbs of the carcasses are stretched on a suspended path using a special device. Further, the carcasses fall into the sawing area. The carcasses are fed alternately with the inner side to the cutting head. A special emphasis is brought to the back of the carcass, which serves for additional fixation and acts as a jet quencher. The carcass is scanned to determine the location and path of the cut. The cutting head automatically takes its initial position at a distance of 1 cm and produces a cut along a predetermined path. The distance between the jet-forming nozzle of the cutting head and the cutting object is provided by a special anti-collision device.

The collection of water, waste salt and meat and bone particles is carried out in a pan located under the sawing area.

After the sawing process, the carriage with the cutting head returns to its original position, and the carcass is transferred to the next technological operation without additional processing.

The technical results of the proposed proposal are as follows:

- cutting takes place with a renewable cutting medium - a hydroabrasive jet that does not need sharpening;

- cutting occurs with water with a temperature of 12 C °, and the heat generated during the cutting process is instantly carried away by water - this does not allow the product to heat up;

- low tangential force on the product allows you to do without hard fixing the cut product;

- the waterjet tool makes a perfectly accurate cut, the surface after cutting does not need additional processing;

- when a jet collides with an obstacle, a bactericidal effect occurs, therefore, additional disinfection is not needed;

- salt, acting as an abrasive, partially remains on the product, which provides a preservative effect and increases the shelf life of the product;

- The use of relatively inexpensive components such as water and rock salt makes the process affordable and environmentally friendly.

The proposed method is also possible to use for dividing half carcasses into quarters and cuts at catering establishments and in stores.

Claims (1)

A method of sawing carcasses into half carcasses, including stretching the hind limbs, moving the carcass into the sawing zone, setting the cutting tool in working position, sawing the carcass in the middle of the spine into two symmetrical carcasses, characterized in that the carcass is fed into the sawing area with the inside to the cutting tool, and a special emphasis is made from the outside, after which the carcass is scanned to determine the location of the cut and the cutting tool makes a cut from a distance of 1 cm, and high quality cutting tools are used hydroabrasive water jet, and rock salt as an abrasive.