RU2464677C1 - Method of generating surface electromagnetic process on conical antenna component - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: flat rings made from a current-conducting sheet are placed on the outer surface of a conical antenna component coaxially to said component. The inner edge of the rings is galvanically connected to the outer surface of the conical antenna component. For adjacent rings, the projection on the plane of the conical antenna component of the outer edge of the flat ring with the smaller diameter coincides with the projection of the inner edge of the flat ring with the larger diameter. Power is supplied through a coaxial line or a balanced pair line depending on the selection of the type of the antenna using existing methods, without the feeder antenna effect. The counter weight used for a monopole antenna is a conical component fitted with flat rings. The dipoles used for a dipole antenna are identical conical antenna components fitted with flat rings.

EFFECT: wider operating frequency band.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to antenna technology and can be used in asymmetric and symmetric antennas.

Known methods for generating a surface electromagnetic process (commonly referred to as a surface “radio wave”), on a round cylindrical surface and on a flat surface of antenna elements, for example, A.Z. Fradin “Microwave antennas”, “Soviet Radio”, Moscow, 1957 p. 569-K593.

Known cone and disk-cone antennas, on the conical surface of the elements of which there are no surface "radio waves", for example, "microwave technology," Soviet Radio ", Moscow, 1952, pp. 82 ÷ 88 and 97 ÷ 106.

The problem solved by the invention is the improvement of technical, technological, operational and cost characteristics when creating symmetrical and asymmetric antennas having conical antenna elements.

The claimed is achieved by increasing the electric length of the conical antenna element, which allows: firstly, to reduce its initial size and weight, having a given fmin - the lower frequency of the antenna operating range; secondly, to reduce fmin and thereby expand the working range of the antenna without changing its original size.

The solution of this problem with the achievement of the specified polytechnic result due to the method of generating a surface electromagnetic process consists in the fact that on the outer surface of the conical antenna element flat rings are made coaxially with it, made of a conductive sheet, the inner edge of which is galvanically connected to the outer surface of the conical antenna element so that for adjacent rings the projection onto the surface of the conical antenna element of the outer edge of the ring with a smaller diameter Trom coincides with the projection of the inner edge of the ring with a large diameter.

In the case of creating an asymmetric antenna, the conical antenna element is used as its counterweight, which eliminates the antenna feeder effect when feeding the antenna with a coaxial line. Here, the outer conductor of the coaxial is connected to the top of the conical antenna element, and the central conductor of the coaxial is connected to the conductor of the pathogen, usually made in the form of a disk or a piece of wire of the pin type.

In the case of creating a symmetrical antenna, both the counterweight and the pathogen (its vibrators) are made of identical conical antenna elements equipped with flat rings. For a symmetrical antenna, it is possible to use both a coaxial line and a two-wire symmetrical line for power supply, which expands the possibilities of its practical implementation.

, где λmin - минимальная длина волны на f max максимальной частоте возбуждения рабочего диапазона антенны. Угол Ѳ° между образующей конического антенного элемента и его осью составляет для несимметричной антенны Ѳ°≈80°, а для симметричной антенны Ѳ°≈45°÷60°. Радиус r_n наружной кромки наибольшего плоского кольца

, где λmax - длина волны на fmin - минимальной частоте рабочего диапазона антенны.The width Δ of the rings is advisable to choose

where λmin is the minimum wavelength at f max the maximum excitation frequency of the antenna operating range. The angle Ѳ ° between the generatrix of the conical antenna element and its axis is Ѳ ° ≈80 ° for an asymmetric antenna, and Ѳ ° ≈45 ° ÷ 60 ° for a symmetric antenna. Radius r _{n of the} outer edge of the largest flat ring

where λmax is the wavelength at fmin - the minimum frequency of the antenna operating range.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the length L of the current path I _{p of} conductivity along the surface of a conical antenna element provided with flat rings, from the field terminal at its apex to the edge of the cone, increases to approximately L≈3l _arr , where l _arr is the length of the cone generatrix. This happens because the conduction current I _n "loops" along the surface of the flat rings, flowing under them, thereby endowing this surface and the surface of the cone with reactive conductivity, which determines the generation of the surface "radio wave".

The most successfully claimed method for generating a surface electromagnetic process on a conical antenna element is industrially applicable in microwave technology. At lower frequencies, however, there will be a noticeable saving in the cost of the product and the convenience of its maintenance, which is also important for the operation of radio communication centers for civilian and military purposes.

Figure 1 schematically shows a longitudinal section of an asymmetric antenna. The dotted line shows the winding path of the current I _p conductivity.

Figure 2 shows the same as figure 1 for a balanced antenna fed by a coaxial line.

Figure 3 shows the same as figure 2 for a balanced antenna fed by a two-wire balanced line.

Positions in figure 1, figure 2, figure 3 shows:

1 - conical antenna element;

2 - coaxial feeder;

3 - flat rings;

4 - pathogen;

5 - counterweight;

6 - symmetrical two-wire line.

Claims (3)

1. A method of generating a surface electromagnetic process on a conical antenna element, which consists in the fact that on the outer surface of the conical antenna element flat rings are made coaxially with it, made of a conductive sheet, the inner edge of which is galvanically connected to the outer surface of the conical antenna element, and for adjacent projection onto the plane of the conical antenna element of the outer edge of the ring with a smaller diameter coincides with the projection of the inner edge of the ring with a larger PWM diameter and power is produced by means of a coaxial line or a symmetrical two-wire line, depending on the choice of the type of antenna in a known manner, precluding the effect of the antenna feeder. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that for a single-ended antenna, a conical element provided with flat rings is used as its counterweight. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that for a symmetric antenna, the same conical antenna elements equipped with flat rings are used as its vibrators.

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