RU2464642C2 - Method for remote monitoring of objects without access to said objects and apparatus for realising said method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: information technology.

SUBSTANCE: method for remote monitoring of objects without access to said objects is realised by monitoring the state of the object and detecting an acoustic signal indicating change in state of the object. Parameters which characterise the internal state of the object are determined. Deviation of parameters of the internal state of the object from parameters permitted by operating conditions is determined. Further, the signal on deviation of parameters of the internal state is converted to an acoustic signal. The incoming acoustic signal is also identified and coordinates and deviating parameters of the internal state of each object are determined.

EFFECT: providing a link between changes in parameters of monitored objects and acoustic signals, which enable to obtain the required information without direct access to the objects.

17 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The claimed invention relates to methods for sending an alarm signal with transmission to a central station of signals determining the location of the alarm source. The device and method are intended for remote monitoring of the state of an object in conditions of impossibility of access to it, for example, in a long-term storage facility for spent nuclear fuel (SNF) or radioactive waste (RAW) in the nuclear industry.

In one of the options for long-term storage of spent nuclear fuel, they are placed in sealed sealed canisters, which are placed in sealed storage slots in the concrete storage array. Storage slots are closed with massive airtight protective plugs. Access for personnel control is only possible from the surface of the protective plugs. With such storage of spent nuclear fuel, one of the most important tasks of ensuring the safety of storage is periodic, ideally continuous monitoring of the condition of each of the spent nuclear canisters, primarily their internal pressure, the uncontrolled exceeding of which can lead to the destruction of the storage system and radioactive contamination. Despite the existing cooling systems for the storage sockets, it is also desirable to control the temperature of each of the canisters.

The task is complicated by the fact that during long-term storage it is necessary to exclude the use of electrical power sources. At the same time, the supply of electrical circuits to the pencil cases, as a rule, is excluded due to the design of the pencil case and does not provide the proper level of fire safety and explosion safety. Thus, the detectors that control temperature and pressure, as well as the method of supplying signals from them to the central signal station, must have a non-electric principle of operation.

As a prototype of the claimed invention-method, a method for ultrasonic monitoring of objects in a protected area and a device for ultrasonic monitoring, for which a patent of the Russian Federation No. 2 263 969 was issued (IPC G08B 13/184, published on 10.11.2005).

The method consists in emitting an ultrasonic signal from the source through a solid-state sound duct, registering the reflected signal, analyzing it, and making a conclusion about the change in the location of the object.

The method provides high accuracy control the presence or absence of controlled objects in a particular place. The disadvantage of this method can be considered that the ultrasonic monitoring of objects is to control the presence or absence of an object. Using this method, it is impossible to control the deviation of the state parameters of the object from acceptable values.

As a prototype of the claimed invention, the device selected for ultrasonic testing, which issued a patent of the Russian Federation No. 2 263 969 (IPC G08B 13/184, publ. 10.11.2005,).

A device for ultrasonic monitoring of objects contains one or more ultrasonic transmitters that transmit ultrasonic radiation in one or more directions through the medium in the form of a solid-state sound duct, one or more ultrasonic reflected radiation receivers, and a control and analysis unit for the signals recorded from the outputs of the ultrasonic receivers.

This device controls the presence or absence of a controlled object, as well as the exact determination of the location of the object. The disadvantage of the device is the impossibility of controlling the deviation of the parameters of the controlled object for the reason that the recorded reflected echo does not carry information about the deviation of the parameters of the object.

The objective of the claimed invention is to create a method and device that extends the operational capabilities of remote monitoring, increasing the information content of monitoring objects, fire safety and radiation resistance.

The technical result, due to which the task is solved, is to assign each acoustic signal information about the coordinates and deviation of the parameters, as well as in the use of sources and conductors of acoustic signals.

To obtain the indicated technical result in the method of remote monitoring of objects without the possibility of access to them, which consists in monitoring the state of the object and recording an acoustic signal indicating a change in the state of the object, according to the invention, parameters characterizing the internal state of the object are determined, the fact of deviation of the parameters of the internal state of the object is revealed from the parameters allowed by the operating conditions, they convert the signal about the deviation of the parameters of the internal state into an acus matic signal come identified acoustic signal, and determine the coordinates and parameters deviated internal state of each object.

To increase the information content of the object control, it is possible to identify the signal in such a way that the mathematical processing of acoustic signals is carried out individually for each signal source.

To increase the information content of the object control, it is possible to identify the signal in such a way that the mathematical processing of acoustic signals is carried out jointly for all signal sources with different frequencies.

To obtain the specified technical result in the device for remote monitoring of objects without the possibility of access to them containing one or more sources of an acoustic signal, an acoustic signal receiver, a unit for recording and analyzing signals, according to the invention, parameter detectors of a controlled object are connected to each object at control points. Each of the detectors is connected to its own source of acoustic signal with the possibility of transmitting acoustic signals to the receiver of acoustic signals, which is connected to the unit for recording and analysis of signals. In this case, the receivers of acoustic signals and the recording and analysis unit are in the access zone.

For fire safety and radiation resistance, each acoustic signal source can be connected to the acoustic signal receiver through a solid-state sound pipe.

For fire safety and radiation resistance, each acoustic signal source can be connected to an acoustic signal receiver through air.

To increase the information content of object monitoring, object parameter detectors can be mounted on each object from the outside.

To increase the information content of object monitoring, object parameter detectors can be mounted on each object from the inside.

For fire safety and radiation resistance, each parameter detector of the monitored object can be equipped with a mechanical trigger connected to an acoustic signal source.

To increase the information content of monitoring objects, each detector of parameters of the controlled object may be configured to its own threshold.

To increase the information content of monitoring objects, the detector of parameters of the controlled object can be equipped with an element that is sensitive to excess pressure above a given norm.

For fire safety and radiation resistance, an element that is sensitive to excess pressure may be made in the form of an aneroid barometer.

For fire safety and radiation resistance, an element that is sensitive to excess pressure can be made in the form of a sealed bellows that changes its geometry with increasing internal pressure in the object.

To increase the information content of monitoring objects and for fire safety and radiation stability, the detector of parameters of the controlled object can be made containing an element that is sensitive to excess temperature above a predetermined norm.

For fire safety and radiation resistance, an element that is sensitive to excess temperature is made in the form of a bimetallic plate.

To increase the information content of object monitoring, each source of acoustic signals is possibly made with its own signal in frequency and amplitude, which does not coincide with the others.

For fire safety and radiation stability, the source of acoustic signals can be made in the form of a mechanical alarm clock with a compressed spring.

For fire safety and radiation resistance, the source of acoustic signals can be made in the form of an anchor mechanism with a released weight falling down under the action of gravity inside the object.

For fire safety and radiation resistance, the source of acoustic signals can be made in the form of a tube with an internal channel for rolling with stress the metal ball released by the trigger mechanism.

For fire safety and radiation stability, the source of acoustic signals can be made in the form of a whistle connected to a cylinder with compressed air, which opens with a trigger mechanism.

To confirm the industrial applicability of the invention, we consider a variant of the method for remote monitoring of objects without the possibility of access to them and a device for its implementation.

Figure 1 presents a diagram of a device for remote monitoring of an object through a solid-state sound duct without the possibility of access to it.

Figure 2 presents the second variant of the circuit device for remote monitoring of the object through the air without the possibility of access to it.

Figure 3 presents a variant of the interaction of the detector and the source of acoustic signals.

As shown in figure 1, the device for remote monitoring of objects without access to them consists of an object 1, a pressure change detector 2 connected to an acoustic signal source 3, a temperature change detector 4 connected to an acoustic signal source 5. Pressure and temperature detectors 2 4 are detectors of monitored parameters at object 1. Acoustic signal sources 5 and 3 are acoustically connected through sound duct 6 to the acoustic signal receiver 7. Sound duct 6 can serve as a metallic the wall of the canister, on which the source of the acoustic signal is fixed 5. The acoustic signal receiver 7, connected to the recording and analysis unit 9, is located in the access zone 10 outside of the storage 11 in which the controlled object 1, which is not accessible, is located.

Pre-mounted pressure detectors 2 and temperature 4 of the controlled parameters of the objects on the object 1 with its external or internal side at the control points. Detector 2 is connected with an acoustic signal source 3, detector 4 with an acoustic signal source 5, a database of the acoustic signal belonging to each acoustic signal source 3 or 5 is made to the coordinates of the detector mounting location 2 or 4, and it is entered into the recording and analysis unit 9. When the temperature deviates at the control point at which the detector 4 is fixed outside the allowed range, it is triggered by driving the trigger mechanism 12 (in Fig. 3) of the acoustic signal source 5. When the pressure deviates from The range of the permitted range at the attachment point of detector 2 is triggered, triggering the trigger 12 (in FIG. 3) of the acoustic signal source 3 or 5. The acoustic signal source 3 or 5, or both immediately emit a signal of a certain frequency to which they are initially tuned . The signal is transmitted from source 5 or 3 through sound duct 6 to the receiver of acoustic signals 7. Receiver 7 is located in access zone 10, so it is possible to supply electricity to it. The receiver 7 converts the acoustic signals received by it from the source 5 or 3, or from both at the same time, into an electrical signal, which it transmits via electrical connection 8 to the recording and analysis unit 9. The recording and analysis unit 9 processes the electrical signal coming from the acoustic receivers signals 7, if necessary, then divides the signals added from several sources 5 and 3 into component signals, compares the received signals with the signals that are in the database of block 9 and provides information about the coordinate of the object 1, on which triggered detectors 4 or 2 are mounted, and on the nature of the deviated parameter. Similarly, each object 1 located in the storage facility is organized 11. If several signals simultaneously come from several receivers of acoustic signals 7 to the recording and analysis unit 9, there they are recorded, processed, separated, identified by each of the receivers 7 and by each of the sources 5 or 3. At the output, block 9 provides information on the coordinates of objects 1 at which detectors 4 or 2 were triggered, and on the nature of the deviated parameters.

Figure 2 shows a second embodiment of a device for remote monitoring of objects without the possibility of access to them. A pressure change detector 2 is attached to the object 1, which is connected to the source of the acoustic signal 3. A temperature change detector 4 is connected to the source of the acoustic signal 5. The sources of the acoustic signal 5 and 3 are acoustically connected through the sound duct 6 to the receivers of the acoustic signals 7. The air duct 6 is air on which the acoustic signal is transmitted. Acoustic signal receivers 7 connected to the recording and analysis unit 9 are located in the access zone 10 outside the storage 11 in which the controlled object 1 is located, to which access is impossible.

With this embodiment, the signals from sources 5 or 3 through the air duct 6 fall on all receivers of acoustic signals 7 located in the access zone 10. Receivers 7 convert the acoustic signals received by them from source 5 or 3, or from both at the same time, into an electrical signal which they transmit via electrical connection 8 to the recording and analysis unit 9. The registration and analysis unit 9 processes the electrical signal coming from the receivers of acoustic signals 7, if necessary, it separates the kih sources 5 and 3 signals to component signals, compares the characteristics of the received signals with the characteristics that are in the base block 9 and outputs the data information of the position of the object 1 on which are mounted four detectors triggered or 2, and on the nature deviated parameter.

Figure 3 shows an example of the interaction of one of the detectors 2 or 4 and one of the sources of acoustic signals 3 or 5. The detector 2 shows a trigger 12, which, when the detector 2 is triggered, moves to the left, opening the ball 13 for passage inside the pipe 14. When In this way, obstacles 15 are encountered along the path of the ball 12, hitting them, the ball 13 produces an audio signal of a given frequency.

Industrial applicability

Consideration of the proposed method and device shows that their implementation allows you to determine which parameters went beyond the permissible values, the location of the object, the controlled parameters of which went beyond without the use of electricity in the controlled area and without the possibility of access to the controlled objects.

From the above embodiments of the method and device, the reality of their application in industry follows.

Claims (17)

1. A method for remote monitoring of objects without the possibility of access to them, which consists in monitoring the state of the object and recording an acoustic signal indicating a change in the state of the object,
characterized in that the parameters characterizing the internal state of the object are determined, the fact that the parameters of the internal state of the object deviates from the parameters allowed by the operating conditions is detected, the signal about the deviation of the internal state parameters is converted into an acoustic signal, the incoming acoustic signal is identified, and the coordinates and deviated parameters of the internal state of each object. 2. The method for remote monitoring of an object according to claim 1, characterized in that the signal is identified in such a way that mathematical processing of the acoustic signals is carried out individually for each signal source. 3. The method for remote monitoring of an object according to claim 1, characterized in that the signal is identified in such a way that mathematical processing of acoustic signals is carried out jointly for all signal sources with different frequencies. 4. A device for remote monitoring of objects without the possibility of access to them, containing one or more sources of an acoustic signal, a receiver of acoustic signals, a unit for recording and analyzing signals, characterized in that detectors of parameters of the controlled object are connected to each object at control points, each of which connected to its source of acoustic signal, having its own signal in frequency and amplitude, which does not coincide with the others, with the possibility of transmitting acoustic signals to an acoustic receiver x signal, which is coupled to a recording and analysis of signals, each controlled object parameter detector tuned to a threshold, provided with a mechanical release mechanism coupled to the acoustic signal source and the receivers of acoustic signals and a detection and analysis are in range. 5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that each source of the acoustic signal is connected to the receiver of acoustic signals through a solid-state sound duct. 6. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that each source of the acoustic signal is connected to the receiver of acoustic signals by air. 7. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the object parameter detectors are mounted on each object from the outside. 8. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the object parameter detectors are mounted on each object from the inside. 9. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the parameter detector of the controlled object is equipped with an element that is sensitive to excess pressure above a predetermined norm. 10. The device for remote monitoring of an object according to claim 9, characterized in that the element sensitive to excess pressure is made in the form of an aneroid barometer. 11. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the pressure sensitive element is made in the form of a hermetic bellows, changing its geometry with increasing internal pressure in the object. 12. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the parameter detector of the controlled object is made containing an element that is sensitive to excess temperature above a predetermined norm. 13. The device according to p. 12, characterized in that the element is sensitive to excess temperature, made in the form of a bimetallic plate. 14. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the source of acoustic signals is made in the form of a mechanical alarm clock with a compressed spring. 15. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the source of acoustic signals is made in the form of an anchor mechanism with a released weight falling down under the action of gravity inside the object. 16. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the source of acoustic signals is made in the form of a tube with an internal channel for rolling with stress the metal ball released by the trigger mechanism. 17. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the source of acoustic signals is made in the form of a whistle connected to a cylinder of compressed air, opening the trigger mechanism.

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