RU2463760C1 - Method of stimulation of growth and development of soyabean plants - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular, to crop husbandry and can be used for presowing treatment of soyabean seeds. The essence of the invention is that the soyabean seeds before sowing are encrusted with water mixture consisting of CPSE - complex of preparations for seeds encrusting and PMCG - polymethacrylateguanidine with molecular mass of 500 thousand standard units, with a concentration of 0.05-0.5%. Expense of the working solution of the mixture in the treatment is 10-15 l per 1 t of seeds.

EFFECT: invention enables to simplify the process of presowing treatment of seeds, to reduce the complexity of this process, and to encourage germination, growth and development of soyabean plants, symbiotic activity, to increase productivity and its quality.

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Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to crop production, and can be used for presowing treatment of soybean seeds.

A known method of using polyheskamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMG-GC) with a molecular weight of 10 thousand conv. units in creating a fungicidal mixture for dressing wheat seeds against fungal diseases together with pentatiuram (AS USSR No. 1829139, class A01N 47/44, dated 06.03.1991).

However, this mixture was used only for seed dressing, which is not enough for the complete development of sown seeds.

Of the known methods of stimulating the growth and development of crops, the closest to the claimed one (prototype) is the method of pre-sowing treatment of soybean seeds, including treating the seeds before sowing with a mixture of polyescamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMG-GC) with a molecular weight of 5 to 9 thousand conv. units, with a concentration of 0.01-0.05% and polyethylene glycol - 400 with a molecular weight of 352 to 440 conv. units, with a concentration of 0.00001-0.001%. (RF patent No. 2385561, class A01C 1/06, dated July 15, 2008).

This technical solution of the prototype method is not effective enough, because the composition of the stimulating substance polyheskamethylene guanidine (PHMG-GC) includes hydrochloride (GC), which has a negative effect on nitrogen-fixing nodule bacteria (genus Rizobium) and soil microflora, which reduces the effectiveness of the method.

The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of the method by increasing the efficiency of nitrogen fixation as a result of the stimulation of the symbiotrophic process and the activation of microbiological processes in the soil.

The technical solution consists in the fact that, in contrast to the prototype method, the growth and development of soybean plants is stimulated, the symbiotrophic process is activated by pre-sowing seed inoculation with the inlaid method using an aqueous solution of CPIS and PMAG, polymethacrylate guanidine, with a molecular weight of 500 thousand conv . units, with a concentration of 0.05-0.5%.

The flow rate of the working solution of the mixture is 10-15 liters per 1 ton of seeds during processing.

The method is as follows.

Currently, the main method of inoculation is pre-sowing seed incrustation with the help of the drug (KPIS - a complex of preparations for seed incrustation), in which rhizotorfin is used in combination with a special adhesive and microelements.

The rationale for the selected parameters of the working solution of 10-15 l per 1 ton of seeds is explained by the stimulating effect of the composition of the drug CPIS and PMAG - polymethacrylate guanidine with a molecular weight of 500 thousand conv. units, with a concentration of 0.05-0.5% for the symbiotrophic process and the activation of microbiological processes in the soil.

Incrustation allows almost double the efficiency of inoculation due to the activation of the symbiotrophic process and stimulation of the initial development of plants. The rationale for the selected parameters of the concentration of the solution of 0.05-0.5% is given in table 1.

Example 1. The effect of pre-sowing inoculation of soybean seeds of Vilana variety was studied by inlaying them with an aqueous solution of a mixture of CPIS and PMAG - polymethacrylate guanidine, with a molecular weight of 500 thousand conv. units, with a concentration of 0.05-0.5% on seed germination rates, as well as the growth and development of soybean seedlings in the early stages of ontogenesis.

Table 1 The effect of presowing seed treatment (KPIS + PMAG) on the morphometric parameters of seedlings Name All the time
same% 7 days 9 days 13 days 1 roots L seedlings 1 roots L seedlings 1 roots L seedlings mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. Control (no processing) 60 25 one hundred 65 one hundred 29th one hundred 86 one hundred 31 one hundred 181 one hundred PMAG - 0.04% 63 27 108 68 105 29th one hundred 86 one hundred 34 110 187 103 PMAG - 0.05% 70 29th 114 73 112 31 108 98 114 38 123 210 116 PMAG - 0.1% 75 thirty 119 92 141 32 112 137 159 42 134 253 140 PMAG - 0.2% 85 31 125 107 164 35 120 151 172 45 145 299 165 PMAG - 0.5% 65 27 108 69 106 thirty 105 92 107 35 114 197 109 PMAG - 0.6% 61 26 104 66 102 29th one hundred 85 99 33 106 183 101

An increase in soybean seed germination by 8-42% was found (Table 1), stimulation of growth indicators of soybean roots by 21-45%, and sprouts by 65-76% for experimental variants with presowing inoculation of seeds with an aqueous solution of KPIS and “PMAG” mixture, polymethacrylate guanidine - with a molecular weight of 500 thousand conv. units, with a concentration of 0.05-0.5%.

Identified stimulation of germination and morphometric indicators of soybean after pre-sowing inoculation of seeds with the proposed solution significantly exceeds the performance of the prototype.

Example 2. The effect of pre-sowing inoculation of soybean seeds of Vilana variety was determined by inlaying with an aqueous solution a mixture of CPIS and PMAG - polymethacrylate guanidine, with a molecular weight of 500 thousand conv. units, with a concentration of 0.05-0.5%, on the elements of the crop structure (Table 2) and symbiotic activity (Table 3) when grown in the field.

An improvement was revealed in the crop structure elements on the variant where the seeds were inlaid with an aqueous solution of CPIS and PMAG, polymethacrylate guanidine, with a molecular weight of 500 thousand conv. units, with a concentration of 0.2%.

table 2 The effect of presowing seed treatment (CPIS + PMAG) on the elements of the structure of the soybean crop Name Height (cm) Number (pcs) Mass (g) plants attaching the lower bean beans per 1 rast. seed in a bean seeds with 1 rast. seeds with 1 rast. 1000 seeds Control (no processing) 95 16 15.4 1,6 24.6 3.8 154 PMAG - 0.04% 96 16 15.6 1.7 26.1 4.0 155 PMAG - 0.05% 98 16 15.9 1.7 27.0 4.3 158 PMAG - 0.1% one hundred 17 17.4 1.8 31.3 5,0 160 PMAG - 0.2% 110 eighteen 19.2 2.0 38,4 6.9 180 PMAG - 0.5% 97 17 17.0 1.7 28.9 4,5 156 PMAG - 0.6% 90 16 15.0 1,6 24.0 3.6 150

Plant height increased by 2-16%, the number of beans in the 1st plant by 10-25%, the number of seeds from the 1st plant by 10-56%, the weight of 1000 seeds by 1-17%, the weight of seeds from the 1st plants by 13-82%.

Table 3 The effect of pre-sowing seed treatment (CPIS + PMAG) on the indicators of OSP and ASP (thousand kg of days / ha) and the dynamics of the accumulation of mass of nodules (kg / ha) of soybean crops Development phases Experience Options Control (no processing) PMAG - 0.04% PMAG - 0.05% PMAG - 0.1% PMAG - 0.2% PMAG - 0.5% PMAG - 0.6% one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 1 triple leaf - branching 9 fifteen 21 36 40 12 9 Branching fifteen twenty thirty 42 53 40 10 Budding - Flowering twenty 34 38 46 58 43 17 Flowering - Bean Formation 27 49 55 58 67 fifty 21 Bean Growth fifty 58 65 99 105 59 44 Seed Pouring

Full seed filling

Ripening start

TSA thousand kg days / ha 2.9 3,1 4.2 7.3 8.6 3.9 2.6 OSB thousand kg days / ha 3.3 3.4 4.7 7.8 9.0 4.2 3.0 * in the numerator is the mass of active nodules, the denominator is the total number of nodules

The research results showed (Table 3) that the maximum mass of nodules was formed on the variant using PMAG - 0.2% and reached 169 kg / ha, the smallest mass of nodules was noted for the control (without treatment) and PMAG - 0.5% - 76 and 105 kg / ha, respectively. It should also be noted that the duration of both general and active symbiosis was significantly affected by seed incrustation with an aqueous solution of a mixture of CPIS and PMAG - polymethacrylate guanidine, with a molecular weight of 500 thousand conv. units, with a concentration of 0.2%.

Example 3. The effect of pre-sowing inoculation of soybean seeds of Villana cultivar by incrusting them with an aqueous solution of a mixture of CPIS and “PMAG” - polymethacrylate guanidine with a molecular weight of 500 thousand conv. units, with a concentration of 0.05-0.5% for the crop and its quality indicators (total protein content (%) in grain and its collection per unit area (kg / ha) grown in the field in 2008-2010.

Table 4 The effect of presowing seed treatment (KPIS + PMAG) on the yield and protein productivity of soybean seeds Name Productivity, t / ha The content in the seeds,% Harvest, 1 ha / kg squirrel fat squirrel fat Control (no processing) 1.78 40.6 19.7 723 351 PMAG - 0.04% 1.86 40.7 19.3 755 359 PMAG - 0.05% 2.16 41,4 18.5 894 400 PMAG - 0.1% 2,52 41.8 18.3 1053 461 PMAG - 0.2% 2.79 42.1 18.0 1174 502 PMAG - 0.5% 2.09 41.2 19.3 861 403 PMAG - 0.6% 1.91 40.9 19.0 781 363 HCP _0.95 c / ha 1.31 % Experience Error 1.73

An increase was found in experimental variants of grain productivity by 17-57% or by 0.31-1.01 t / ha (Table 4.). An increase in soybean grain quality indicators has also been identified. Increase in protein content by 0.3-1.2%. The collection of protein and fat per unit area increased by 133 and 446 kg / ha and 52 and 151 kg / ha, respectively, compared with the control variant.

The obtained results on increasing field germination, indicators of the elements of the yield structure, symbiotic activity, yield and protein productivity of soybeans using pre-sowing inoculation of soybean seeds by inlaying them with an aqueous solution of a mixture of CPIS and “PMAG” - polymethacrylate guanidine with a molecular weight of 500 thousand conv. units, with a concentration of 0.05-0.5% significantly exceeds the corresponding parameters of the prototype for soy.

The application of the claimed invention allows to simplify the process of pre-sowing seed treatment, to reduce the complexity of this process, and also to stimulate germination, growth, development of soy plants, symbiotic activity, to increase productivity and its quality.

Claims (1)

A method of stimulating the growth and development of soybean plants, including the use of a stimulating substance containing guanidine, when treating seeds before sowing, characterized in that the activation of the symbirophic process is carried out by pre-sowing seed inoculation by inlay using an aqueous solution of CPIS - a complex of preparations for seed encrusting, and PMAG - polymethacrylate guanidine with a molecular weight of 500 thousand conv. units, with a concentration of 0.05-0.5% at a flow rate of a working solution of 10-15 liters per 1 ton of seeds.