RU2463202C1 - Combined signal search-and-rescue system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: rescue equipment.

SUBSTANCE: combined signal search-and-rescue system belongs to survival equipment and is a system of single use. The system consists of a balloon filled with a gas lighter than air, such as helium, to which the signal-transmitting device is attached placed inside a hollow cylindrical body, connected through a strong thread to the container. Container through a strong thread is connected to the glass. In the glass there is a system providing power supply to additional devices. The glass is hingedly attached to the bracket of the bearing plate and is put on the top of the container. The signal-transmission device consists of a light signal system, radio transmission system, electronic control circuit of light and radio signals, power supply control electronics and a piezoelectric system of charging and a system of filling the balloon with gas. The balloon is made with mirror bands on the outer surface. The power supply system for additional devices, placed in a glass, includes a piezoelectric charge system and the electronic system of control and distribution of power to additional devices in the form of a combined lamp, electric shocker and heating elements. In the glass a tape with matches is additionally placed. When folded, all operating elements are located inside the container and the glass. The system is attached to the body of a person by means of lashing straps and a waist belt, or directly to the work clothes, to the life-jacket or wet suit.

EFFECT: ability is provided to send a distress signal in the automatic mode for a long time, which greatly facilitates the search and rescue operations, both on land and at sea.

7 cl, 18 dwg

Description

The invention relates to rescue equipment and is a one-use alarm rescue system. It can be used in any geographical and climatic conditions for sending distress signals and indicating the location of a person in distress, a group of people or a vehicle.

Currently existing individual signal and rescue devices are whistles and bulbs on life jackets or wetsuits, smoke bombs, raised flares or signal flares. Other devices and devices, such as signal buoys and transponders, are too large and heavy for individual use. Of the above, only whistles and signal lights are individual devices, but their effectiveness is very small. For example, when a person falls overboard in the open sea, if there were no witnesses nearby, the whistle will not help in any way, since the noise of running ship engines, the noise of wind and water completely drown out the sounds of the whistle. In addition, even at a distance of 1.5 cable (278 meters), even with slight excitement, it is quite difficult to visually detect a person in water. The light bulb is also of little use, the brightness of the light is low, the light from the bulb is visible only in the dark and at short distances, the burning time of the bulb is about 8 hours. For the land option, there are only smoke bombs, raised flares and flares, but their time is limited. Flares with a parachute shine for only 40 seconds, the raised fires burn for 60 seconds, smoke bombs work for 3 minutes. In addition, this pyrotechnics is not intended for continuous wear on the body and is not available to the average user.

Known "System for the detection of a person in distress on the water" RU 2299832, B63C 9/20, B63C 9/11, B63C 9/08, publ. 05/27/2007, consisting of a life jacket with two light sources installed on it, two radio transmitters with antennas and a power source. The disadvantage of the proposed system is that this system can only be used in conjunction with a life suit with positive buoyancy. A life jacket, without a wetsuit, keeps a person in water in a position close to vertical, and in the proposed layout in this position, all light and radio transmitting devices will be in water, i.e. in fact, will prove useless. The presence of a radio transmitting device, no matter how powerful it may be, still involves the visual detection of a person in water, and in the sea it is quite difficult to do. The power for the light sources and the radio transmitting device is carried out only from the battery, there is no charging device, therefore, their operating time is limited to several hours.

It is known "Personal Rescue Tool" SU 472862, B63C 9/08, publ. 06/05/75, consisting of a corner reflector made of a gas-tight inflatable material with a metallized coating and mounted on a gas-tight inflatable stand attached to the overalls. The proposed rescue tool has the following disadvantages: - the rack height, in the proposed embodiment, can have a length of not more than 0.5 meters, for marine conditions this is very small, the reflector itself, in this embodiment, cannot be large, and the small dimensions of the reflector give A very weak signal that the ship’s radar does not see. For example, a corner reflector on a liferaft, located at a height of 1 meter above the water and having a larger size than proposed, on the screen of a ship's radar at any distance gives a very weak point or is not detected at all.

- The reinforcing mesh is of little use, as due to its small size and low height above the water, the reflected signal will be very weak and invisible to the radar.

- The bulb allows you to detect a person in the water only at a short distance and in the dark.

- The whole layout involves only one position of a person in the water - horizontally on his back, any other position makes this tool completely useless, because the corner reflector and the lamp will certainly be in the water.

It is known "Personal Rescue Tool" SU 884242, B63C 9/08, publ. 05/23/91, consisting of a life vest made in the form of a hollow sealed jacket with a neck cuff, a hollow elastic ring of the jacket is made covering the chest and part of the abdominal cavity of a person, a battery with thermocouples and a generator with a gear wheel on the shaft, pumps and spring-loaded pistons, the rods of which are made in the form of gear racks located in the opposite direction. Pump cavities are pneumatically connected with a hollow elastic ring. The jacket is connected with a helmet on which a lifting bracket is mounted with a warning light and with a retractable radio antenna. This rescue tool has the following disadvantages: - excessive design complexity due to the large number of straps, straps, fasteners, snap hooks, hand pumps, switches. The requirements for rescue equipment have always been the same - maximum simplicity and ease of use. In the proposed version, putting a given design on a person requires a lot of time and special preparation, it is necessary to put on this tool on an open deck, because it is inconvenient and unsafe to move around the vessel due to the large number of parts that can catch on the protruding elements of the vessel’s internal equipment and deck mechanisms.

- It is completely unclear what kind of breath the generator is designed for, i.e. how much should the volume of the chest during inhalation and exhalation. With prolonged exposure to water (even in the tropics), the body temperature necessarily decreases, while breathing becomes intermittent and weak, and given the availability of clothing, it is not possible to catch changes in the volume of the chest by the proposed system, therefore, the generator will not work. In addition, a hollow elastic ring should tightly compress the chest and upper abdomen, but in this case there will be a violation of blood circulation. Prolonged compression of the chest and upper abdomen with weak breathing with lowering body temperature will inevitably lead to respiratory arrest.

- The presence of a lifting bracket on the helmet indicates that the authors of the application are completely unaware that during rescue operations it is in no case possible to lift a person by the head, because there is a high probability of damage to the cervical spine. In addition, when a person rises from the water behind this bracket, there is a risk of damage to the rescued genitalia by straps 6. With any slight weakening of the straps 6 when lifting, the probability of damage to the larynx or suffocation of the elastic ring 23 is very high.

- The signal lamp and antenna are located too low above the water, in fact they are on the surface of the water, and hence their low efficiency in finding and determining the location of a person in the water.

The considered technical solutions are intended only for the aquatic environment, for land conditions they are not suitable and cannot be used for continuous use due to their large dimensions.

The objective of the invention is the creation of a compact, accessible to the general user, combined, individual, portable alarm emergency rescue system of one-time use, which allows you to automatically transmit a distress signal and indicate a place of distress in a long-distance mode.

The problem is solved in that the combined alarm and rescue system consists of a balloon filled with gas lighter than air, for example helium, made with mirror strips on the outer surface, to which a signal-transmitting device is attached, located inside a hollow cylindrical body, connected by means of a strong filaments with a container, which, in turn, is also connected by means of a strong filament to a glass in which the power supply system of additional devices is placed PTS is pivotally attached to an arm of the carrier plate, wherein the cup is put on the top of the container. The signal-transmitting device consists of a light signal system, a radio transmitting system, an electronic light and radio signal control circuit, an electronic power control circuit, a piezoelectric recharging system and a gas filling system. The power supply system for additional devices, located in a glass, includes a piezoelectric recharging system and an electronic control and distribution system for power for additional devices in the form of a combined lamp, stun gun and heating elements. In a glass an additional tape with matches is placed. When folded, all working elements are located inside the container and the glass. The system is attached to the person’s body by means of mounting belts or a waist belt, or directly to work clothes, to a life jacket or to a wetsuit. After actuation, the system immediately begins to give distress signals. In addition to giving signals, in the land version, the system makes it possible to light a fire for heating, in the marine version, in particular for tropical latitudes, to scare predatory fish from a person in the water, at high latitudes, i.e. in cold water, makes it possible to use electric heaters in wetsuits.

Figure 1 - General view of the system in working condition.

Figure 2 - General view of the system in packaged form.

Figure 3 is a General view of the system with the case removed.

Figure 4 is a container in section.

5 is a sectional signal-transmitting device.

6 is a working element, a General view with a section.

Fig.7 is the bottom of the container, a General view with a section.

Fig - bottom of the glass, a General view with a section.

Fig.9 - stopper.

Figure 10 - supporting disk, top view.

11 is a support disk, bottom view.

12 is a support ring, a top view.

Fig - combined lamp, side view.

Fig - combined lamp, General view.

Fig - stun gun.

Fig - tape with matches.

Fig - mounting straps.

Fig - marine version of the system.

The Combined Alarm Rescue System (KSASS) consists of the following parts: 1 - balloon, 2 - mirror strips, 3 - body of the signal-transmitting device, 4 - balloon thread, 5 - container, 6 - glass thread,

7 - a glass, 8 - a carrier plate, 9 - a tear-off case, 10 - an additional device (combination lamp), 11 - a lead, 12 - loops for belts (longitudinal and transverse), 13 - an arm, 14 - an additional device cable, 15 - pocket for an additional device. The signal-transmitting device consists of: 3 - housing, 16 - threaded sleeve, 17 - gas cylinder, 18 - spring, 19 - membrane, 20 - stopper, 21 - needle, 22 - O-ring, 23 - contact button, 24 - electronic control unit for light and radio signals, 25 - light system housing, 26 - mirror reflector, 27 - superbright LEDs, 28 - battery, 29 - electronic power control unit, 30 - support disk, 31 - working element, 32 - piezoelectric elements, 33 - a support ring, 34 - a sealing membrane, 35 - a lock ring.

The container consists of: 5 - the case, 36 - the bottom of the container, 38 - the snap ring. Inside the glass 7, there are the following parts: 39 - the bottom of the glass, 40 - the retaining ring, 41 - the sealing ring, 42 - the electronic control and power distribution unit, 43 - the battery, 44 - the support disk of the glass, 32 - the piezoelectric elements, 45 - the working element, 46 - a support ring of a glass, 47 - a sealing membrane, 48 - a tape with matches, 49 - a cover of a balloon. To the bottom of the glass outside is attached a block 50 of the cable 14.

The system works as follows: if you need to give a distress signal or mark the place of distress, you need to pull the lead 11 of the case 9, tear the case 9 from the carrier plate 8, throwing the case aside, grab the container 5, pulling it down to remove it from the glass 7. When removing the container 5 from the glass 7, the stoppers 20 holding the gas cylinder 17 are released, under the action of the spring 18, the cylinder 17 moves upward, pushes the stoppers 20 to the sides and pierces the membrane 19 with the needle 21. In the extreme upper position, press the cylinder 17 with the top cover presses on the buttons of the contacts 23 and closes the power supply circuit from the electronic power control unit 29 and the battery 28 to the electronic control unit for light and radio signals 24. At the same time, gas from the cylinder 17 enters the balloon 1 through the internal channel of the needle 21, the balloon 1 inflates, discards the cover 49 and as the gas is filled and the lift increases, it pulls the housing 3 out of the container 5. After the housing 3 is completely out of the container 5, the ball 1 rises and unwinds the thread 4. After the thread 4 is completely unwound from the container 5, the thread 6 is also dit of glass and stretched, the glass 7 is rotated in conjunction with a bracket 13 and a vertical position. Since the air flows over land and over water are not laminar, the balloon 1 will oscillate in the vertical and horizontal planes, while the threads 4 and 6 will act on the working elements 31 and 45, which will begin to oscillate in the horizontal plane and along the axis. During these movements, the working elements 31 and 45 with their edges will act on the piezoelectric elements 32, the electric discharges from which are supplied to the power control units 30 and 42. The power control unit 30 provides recharging of the battery 29 and supplies power to the control unit for light and radio signals 24. When when the power is supplied, block 24 turns on and off the LEDs 27 alternately, with intervals of 2-3 seconds, along with this, the radio signal is switched on in the VHF band at a frequency of 156.800 MHz (marine version). The radio signal can be a variable tonality lasting 2-3 seconds with a 2-3 second pause, or in the form of a Morse code dash-three dots with a 2-3 second pause. The number of LEDs 27 can range from 2 to 6, for reliability it is preferable to have 6 super-bright LEDs. LEDs light up one at a time in any order. The power control unit 42 provides recharging of the battery 43 and through the ring contacts 51 of the bottom of the cup 39 supplies power through the block 50 and cable 14 to additional devices (combination lamp, stun gun, electric heaters). Balloon 1 is made of elastic translucent synthetic material, bright orange. On the outer surface of the ball 1, mirror reflective strips are applied. The length of thread 4 for the land version is 50 meters, for the marine version 30-50 meters, the length of thread 6 is 40-50 centimeters. Both threads with a small thickness should withstand tensile forces of up to 100 kg. Using the proposed system, it is possible to detect a person in distress at any time of the day, in any geographical conditions. For example, in the sea, regardless of the magnitude of the excitement and time of day, it will be possible to detect with the naked eye the location of a person in the water at a distance of up to 3 miles. Mirror reflecting strips 2 on the surface of the ball 1, in addition to reflecting sunlight, will certainly give a noticeable point on the radar screen, in combination with a radio signal, the distance of detecting a person in the sea can reach 7-10 miles. On land, for example in the forest, a balloon shimmering in the light of the sun and blinking a bright orange light can be easily seen against the background of foliage in the gap between the crowns of trees, either from any height or from an aircraft. The radio signal sent by the transmitting device may be detected by a satellite, aircraft, ship or other vehicle equipped with radio communications. In case of absolutely calm weather, twitching and shaking the container 5 with your hand, you can set the working elements 31 and 45 in motion and recharge the batteries 28 and 43. The system is equipped with fully charged batteries with the maximum possible capacity and with a long shelf life. The working element 31, 45 has a mushroom shape, in the center of the cap there is a depression of a spherical shape, the edges of the cap are in the shape of a torus, the leg ends with a ring. Elements 31 and 45 are identical in shape and differ only in size. Both elements are made of plastic. The supporting disks 30 and 44 are made in the form of thick-walled disks, in the center they have a spherical bulge on which the working element 31 or 45 sits. The supporting ring 33 and 46 is a thick-walled ring, the edges of the inner hole are beveled to the center. Piezoelectric elements 32 are arranged concentrically on the inner side of the support disks 30 and 44 and the support rings 33 and 46, the axis of the central circle of which coincides with the central axis of the circumference of the tori of the working elements 31 or 45. The bottom of the container 36 is made in the form of a disk, there is a groove for the outside of the disk the spring ring 38, on the lower side there is a bracket for attaching the thread 6, on the upper side there is a tube with a vertical slot and a pin 37 for attaching the thread 4. A tightly wound skein of thread 4 with an inner free end is attached to the pin 37, is put on the tube of the bottom of the container, the outer free end is attached to the ring of the working element 31.

The combination lamp 10 is made in the form of an elongated squared bar, Figs. 13, 14, and consists of the following parts: 10 - housing, 53 - glass (transparent plastic), 54 - super-bright LED, 55 - light switch, 56 - incendiary button devices, 57 - incendiary device, 58 - grater for matches, 59 - block of the power cable 14. The combined lamp works as follows; by moving the button 55 forward, the LED 54 is turned on, by pressing the button 56, power is supplied to the heating element of the incendiary device 57, matches, dry grass, moss, paper, etc. can be ignited with this element. On the reverse side, a grater for matches is glued to the lamp housing, for the case when for some reason the incendiary device is not operable.

The stun gun 60 is made of a dielectric material in the form of a round rod, inside of which there is an electronic circuit and an electrode 61, the free end of which comes out from the lower end of the housing 60. The device is connected to the supply cable 14 by means of a block 59. The device 60 operates as follows; the power from the power control unit 42 is supplied to the electronic circuit of the stun gun, which accumulates a charge and periodically after 4-5 seconds delivers an electric pulse to the electrode 61. The pulse power must be such that a 3-6 volt discharge is created in a radius of 1.5-2 meters but small fish should not be paralyzed. Since predatory fish react very sensitively to microcurrents, a discharge of 3-6 volts is a rather sensitive blow for them, for a person such a discharge is almost not noticeable. Thus, in conditions of the tropics, a person can be in the water for a long time and be at least partially protected from marine predators. If the system is attached to a life suit with electric heaters, then block 59 is connected to the heater connector and power is supplied to the heating elements. For the land option, a set of matches 48 are placed inside the glass 7, placed between two paper tapes (Figs. 4, 16). The paper is impregnated with a combustible composition, coated on the outside with wax, paraffin or other water-repellent substance capable of supporting combustion. Paper tapes are glued together, divided into separate vertical strips by perforation and form separate sealed packages for each match. Matches like hunting, capable of burning in the wind. If it is necessary to start a fire, one strip with a match comes off, without unpacking it, it can be ignited with the help of an incendiary device 57, if the device 57 does not work, the head of the match is freed from paper and friction against the grater 57 the match is ignited.

To simplify and ease the assembly of the system, the parts of the glass 7 and the signal-transmitting device 3 have different diameters, which completely excludes the possibility of confusing them. Parts 29, 30, 39 and 42 have ring contacts on the upper or lower surface, parts 24, 29, 30, 33, 42, 44 and 46 have side ring contacts (FIGS. 4, 5, 8, 11, 12). The threaded sleeve 16 has an inner lateral ring contact and two outer lateral ring contact (figure 4, 5). The housing 3 has two internal lateral annular contacts (4, 5). The glass 7 has internal lateral ring contacts (figure 4). Ring contacts exclude soldering work during the assembly of the main components of the system. All this makes it possible to simplify the system assembly technology as much as possible. Almost all parts of the system are made of plastic, with the exception of the needle 21, the body of the cylinder 17, the spring 18, the pin 37, and the snap ring rings 35, 38, 40, which are made of steel. In addition to strength, plastic for parts of a signal-transmitting device should also be as light as possible, i.e. must have a porous structure.

The proposed system, activated once, can for a long time work in automatic mode, giving distress signals and indicating the place of distress. Thus, the application of the proposed system greatly facilitates the search and rescue activities at any geographical point on the surface of the globe and enables a person in need or group of people to wait for help.

Claims (7)

1. A combined alarm and rescue system, consisting of a balloon filled with gas lighter than air, to which a signal-transmitting device is attached, located inside a hollow cylindrical body, connected by means of a strong thread to a container, which, in turn, also by means of a strong thread connected to the glass in which the system for providing power to additional devices is located, pivotally attached to the bracket of the carrier plate, the glass being put on the upper part of the container nera. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the signal-transmitting device consists of a light signal system, a radio transmission system, an electronic control circuit for light and radio signals, an electronic power control circuit, a piezoelectric charging system and a gas filling system. 3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the power supply system for additional devices, placed in a glass, includes a piezoelectric recharging system and an electronic control system and power distribution for additional devices in the form of a combined lamp, stun gun and heating elements. 4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the glass with matches is additionally placed in the glass. 5. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that when folded, all the working elements are located inside the container and the glass. 6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the balloon is made with mirror stripes on the outer surface. 7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with mounting straps, through which it is attached to the human body.

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