RU2463180C1 - Vehicle passenger disabler in emergency situation and when he threatens to attack driver - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to machine building. Vehicle passenger disabler in emergency situation and when he threatens to attack driver comprises resilient member built in immobile part of passenger compartment and fixed in compressed position by controlled catch; plate fixed at free end of resilient member and facing outside to passenger seat at the level of its back; and disabler electromechanical control system. Possibility to unlock resilient member by control system under driver and/or other responsible person command and to move the plate under action of resilient member in direction of passenger seat is provided. Protruded plate on resilient suspension acts on passenger as impulse impact and/or static squeezing and limits his mobility. In the disabler, safety airbag is additionally provided which is installed outside the plate and equipped with system of its actuation both under driver and/or other responsible person command and automatically in response to signal from vehicle acceleration sensor or system of sensors.

EFFECT: improvement of performance characteristics and functionality enhancement of vehicle passenger disabler in emergency situation and when he threatens to attack driver.

4 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of transport engineering, in particular, to the safety systems of a driver of a vehicle in the presence of a threat from a passenger sitting on a seat over unauthorized use of a vehicle, and simultaneously to passenger safety systems in an emergency.

Known inflatable airbags of a passenger sitting on a vehicle seat installed in front of him, in particular mounted in the back of a front driver's seat from the rear, with the possibility of automatic deployment (at the signal of the vehicle’s acceleration sensor) in an emergency [RF patent No. 2402441 ; application EP No. 0771699 A2, 05/07/1997].

Airbags are effective when used for their intended purpose, but the automatic control (deployment) system does not allow them to be used in another emergency situation - if there is a threat of a passenger attacking the driver (hijacking a vehicle, robbery, etc.).

Also known are devices for forcibly (driven by a driver) blocking (restricting mobility) of a passenger sitting on a vehicle seat in case of a threat of attack using the aforementioned airbag, while the device control system provides for the possibility of airbag deployment (inflation) as automatically from an acceleration sensor during sudden braking of the vehicle in an emergency ("crash" mode), and on the command of the driver (when they give a signal to operate) [path ie RF №2050294; RF patent No. 2269434].

The device is bi-functional and compensates for the drawback of the previous analogue, but the reliability (duration) of the passenger’s blocking is insufficient, since the very principle of operation of an elastic pillow inflated by a gaseous body under pressure suggests the possibility of prompt removal of such a “block” by, for example, violation of the airtightness, integrity of the pillow shell with the aim of evacuation from a vehicle in case of fire, explosion or drowning. This is good for emergency mode, but conflicts with the tasks of blocking an attacker.

Closest to the claimed invention, selected for the prototype, is a "means of protection of the driver from attack" [RF patent No. 2402434]. The device contains an elastic element (conical spring) embedded in the back of the driver’s seat and fixed in a compressed state by a controlled lock, a plate fixed to the free end (“head”) of the elastic element and facing outward to the passenger seat (located behind the driver’s seat) at the level of backs, and an electromechanical control system of the device with the ability to fix the elastic element by the control system at the command of the driver and moving the plate under the action of the elastic element in passenger seat thoron.

The device, in particular, provides for the possibility of a gradual (phased) release of the spring with a flat retainer due to the gradual, controlled extension of the latter, as a result of which it is possible to increase its “pressing” depending on the passenger’s behavior. However, such a device, firstly, is single-functional, specialized as a passenger lock device when attacking a driver. Its use as a safety measure for this passenger is not provided. By impacting a passenger and restricting his mobility, the device, additionally fixing his body, in principle, contributes to his safety in an accident. Secondly, even when used for its intended purpose, the device is significantly inferior to an inflatable pillow in the area of the "hug" of a person, leaving his hands free in a fairly wide range of degrees of freedom. Thirdly, the device, which is a cantilever suspension of the plate on a spring fixed only in its base or, at best, within its cylindrical "niche", is poorly fixed from lateral displacements. Fourth, the device with real, safe values of the elastic force and momentum transmitted to the body of the passenger when triggered, can be pressed partially or completely by the hands or body of the passenger.

Thus, the prototype is not satisfactory in terms of its technical and operational characteristics and capabilities.

The technical result to which the claimed invention is directed is to improve technical and operational characteristics and expand the capabilities of the device due to:

- expansion of functionality, namely the additional function of the "soft" security system for the passenger;

- increase the reliability of the device as a passenger safety system by duplication - a combination of two sequentially connected elastic links, namely a mechanical elastic element (spring) with a plate and a gas elastic element - a “normal” airbag;

- reduce the likely traumatic effect of the plate-spring system on the blocked passenger;

- expanding the area of the locking-fixing "hug" of the passenger;

- additional fixation of the plate from displacements in the lateral directions.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the device for blocking the passenger of the vehicle in an emergency and when there is a threat of attacking the driver, containing an elastic element integrated in the stationary part of the vehicle cabin and fixed in a compressed state by a controlled lock, a plate fixed on a free the end of the elastic element and facing outward to the passenger seat at the level of its back, and the electromechanical control system of the device with the possibility of release an elastic element by the control system at the command of the driver and / or other responsible person and moving the plate under the action of the elastic element towards the passenger seat and thereby restricting the passenger’s mobility, as well as impulse shock and / or static pressure, it is additionally provided with an airbag, mounted on the outside of the plate and equipped with a system for its operation, either at the command of the driver and / or other responsible person, or automatically at the signal of the sensor or with Stem vehicle acceleration sensors.

The technical result is also achieved due to additional design features (when formulated above the main set of features):

- the elastic element can be made in the form of a cylindrical or conical spring and is integrated into the back of the driver's seat as a fixed part of the vehicle interior;

- the working stroke of the plate from a fixed source to a working extended position may allow its additional movement under the action of the elastic element towards the passenger seat, subject to depressurization of the pillow;

- the control system for the release of the elastic element and the deployment of the airbag can be combined into a single control system for locking and passenger safety on the rights of its parallel branches, while it can be possible to deploy the airbag at the same time as the release of the elastic element.

Among the known devices and methods, no such combination of essential features would coincide with the claimed combination of features. At the same time, it is due to the latter that a new technical result is achieved.

The invention is disclosed in the following implementation example (in the arrangement between successively mounted driver and passenger seats) and is illustrated by drawings, which show:

figure 1 - device, plan view in the initial state;

figure 2 is the same, when triggered, where N is the working stroke of the plate from a fixed source to a working extended position (with an inflated airbag); ΔH - additional movement of the plate under the action of the elastic element towards the passenger seat during depressurization of the airbag;

figure 3 is a simplified electrical control circuit (actuation) of the device with independent branches for the safety device and the passenger lock device in the initial state, where U is the supply voltage from the on-board source);

figure 4 is the same when triggered;

figure 5 is a simplified electrical control circuit (operation) of the device with dependent (combined) branches for the safety device and the passenger lock device in the initial state;

figure 6 is the same when triggered.

The device "Hug" blocking a passenger of a vehicle in an emergency and when it threatens to attack the driver contains (figure 1, 2) an elastic element 1 fixed in a compressed state, for example a cylindrical or (as in the prototype) conical spring. Element 1 is integrated in the stationary part 2 of the vehicle interior, for example, in the back of the driver's seat - in a cylindrical niche in it. The device also contains a plate 3 (round or oval), which is mounted on the free end of the elastic element 1 ("head", a smaller diameter in the conical design of the spring 1) and faces outward to the passenger seat 4 (for passenger 5). The seat 4 is located, for example, behind the driver's seat 2, and at the level of its backrest (2). In this case, it is possible to fix the elastic element 1 (or plate 3) with an electric control system 6 (see Fig. 3) by its latch 7, as a rule, by a flat rod (in other words, by the system of fixing the elastic element 1 or the passenger lock system), by command driver and / or other person and the movement of the plate 3 under the action of the elastic element 1 towards the passenger seat 4 and thereby limiting the mobility of the passenger 5, as well as the pulse shock and / or static compressive effect on him. The control system 6 may include a manual switch 8 of the circuit for supplying electric voltage to the winding of the actuator 9 (electromagnet, solenoid, rigidly connected to the latch 7) disconnect (withdrawal from interaction with the spring 1) latch 7 (see Fig.3-6) .

When executing the elastic element 1 in the form of a conical coil spring, the control system can be somewhat complicated: it is provided that the latch is controlled through the electromagnetic device 9 not “on-off”, but progressive, with a gradual controlled increase in current in the winding of the device 9, as proposed in prototype.

The device additionally provides an airbag 10, which is installed outside the plate 3 and is equipped with an electric system 11 for its operation (by means of a squib 12), both at the command of the driver and / or other person, in particular simultaneously with the command to move the plate 3, and automatically the signal of the sensor (sensor system) 13 of the vehicle acceleration with the possibility of limiting the mobility of the passenger 5 with the plate 3 (see Fig. 1, 2).

The stroke N of the plate 3 from a fixed initial position to the working extended position (with an inflated cushion 10) can allow its additional movement ΔН under the action of the elastic element 1 towards the passenger seat 4 under the condition of depressurization (violation of integrity) of the cushion 10, moreover, based on the preservation of residual force the elasticity of the element 1, the minimum necessary for pressing the body of the passenger 5 to the seat 4 (about 100-300 N).

The control systems 6 and 11 can be combined into a single control system 14 for locking and securing the passenger 5 on the rights of its parallel, “independent” control branches of the latch 7 and the squib 12 (see Fig. 5). At the same time, it is possible to deploy the airbag 10 simultaneously with the release of the elastic element 1 (release of the latch 7): in the electric circuit (see Fig. 6, 2), the power supply circuits of the solenoid winding 9 and the igniter 12 (voltage U) are parallelized. Displayed on the squib 12 and "manual" power supply control.

Given the closer, than is accepted in airbags, location of the squib 12 to the body of the passenger 5 and, accordingly, the deterioration of the temperature regime (the possibility of burns), it is recommended to use compressed air (as in the analogues mentioned above) as the working medium of the pillow 10 RU 2050294 and RU 2269434).

The described example of a specific embodiment does not exclude other possible variants of the device within the scope of the claimed combination of essential structural features (see the claims).

The inventive device operates as follows.

In the event of an accident, for example, a head-on collision with another vehicle, the signal of the acceleration sensor (sensor system) 13 closes the electric power supply of the igniter 12, which causes the airbag 10 to be triggered (inflated by powder gases or compressed air when the igniter initiates), (see Fig. 3, 4). Under the influence of a gaseous working fluid under pressure, the latter fills a large part of the space immediately in front of the passenger 5 sitting on the seat 4, providing protection for his life and health. A conscious passenger 5 has the opportunity to leave the emergency vehicle, quickly freeing itself from the "tender hugs" of the pillow 10 (if automatic deflating is not provided), for example, depressurizing it, destroying the integrity of its shell with improvised means.

If the control system 14 provides for the simultaneous automatic delivery of power in parallel to the winding of the solenoid (electromagnet) 9 (see FIGS. 5, 6), then due to the release of the elastic element (spring) 1 from the retainer 7, the plate 3 is pushed out under the action of a variable elastic force the torso of the passenger 5 sitting on the passenger seat 4 (see figure 2).

The simultaneous extension of the plate 3 and inflation of the cushion 10 when they are sequentially located in space (with the working stroke of the plate 3 equal to H) lead to the equilibrium state of the locking-protective system "driver's seat (or other fixed part) 2 - spring (or other elastic element) 1 - plate 3 - pillow 10 ", which together provides protection of the life and health of the passenger (see figure 2).

In the event of a failure of the system 6 for unlocking the spring 1, the pillow 10 takes over the protective functions (see above), and in the event of a failure of the system 11 for activating the pillow 10, the spring 1 with the plate 3. In the latter case, the absence of gas under pressure in the pillow 10 automatically leads to additional movement, under the action of the elastic force of the spring 1, of the plate 3 by the amount ΔH (see figure 2 the position of the plate 3 with a dashed line). Thus, there is a duplication of fixing and protective functions. It is more difficult for a passenger 5 to quickly get rid of the “hard hugs” of the “plate 3 - spring 1” system, but “there are no free cakes”.

In the case of a passenger's reasonable suspicion of an unlawful intent, for example, hijacking a vehicle or robbery, as well as, of course, when trying to implement such intentions, the driver or other responsible person (forwarder, etc.) forcibly (“manually”) turn on the system 14 to operate (circuit closure by switch 8). Both devices (plate 3 and pillow 10) operate simultaneously, reliably and not traumatically (humanely) blocking passenger 5 on seat 4. The principle of duplication is still implemented.

And this time, the presence of a more “stable” to the passenger’s attempts to free the device “plate 3 - spring 1” is an undoubted advantage over a single pillow 10, but the latter neutralizes the “rigidity” of the plate 3 and significantly increases the area of the passenger’s “hugs”.

With the conical shape of the spring 1 and the "progressive" control system of the latch 7, the plate is extended by the command of the driver or other responsible person by one or another value, for example, in stages with the possibility of both an impulse shock (in the first period) and static compression, with an increase, impact on the passenger 5.

Thus, in the "passenger lock" mode, the inventive combined system smooths out the shortcomings of each of its two components separately and takes advantage of both. That is, the device does not give a simple “sum of effects”, but a new quality, known in patent science as the phenomenon of “super-effect”.

In case of failure of one of the backup systems, a similar case of duplication in the "accident" mode described above will take place.

In the case of deliberate depressurization of pillow 10 by a blocked passenger in his attempts to free himself, plate 3 will advance further by ΔH and strengthen the lock in compensation for pillow 10 that has “lost its position”, especially with a “progressive” control system 6.

The use of the invention allows to improve technical and operational characteristics and expand the capabilities of the device for blocking a passenger of a vehicle in an emergency and with the threat of his attack on the driver due to:

- expansion of functionality, namely the additional function of the "soft" security system for the passenger;

- increase the reliability of the device as a passenger safety system by duplication - a combination of two sequentially connected elastic links, namely a mechanical elastic element (spring) with a plate and a gas elastic element - a “normal” airbag;

- reduce the likely traumatic effect of the plate-spring system on the blocked passenger;

- expanding the area of the locking-fixing "hug" of the passenger;

- additional fixation of the plate from displacements in the lateral directions.

Claims (4)

1. A device for blocking a passenger of a vehicle in an emergency and when there is a threat of an attack on the driver, comprising an elastic element integrated in the stationary part of the vehicle interior and locked in a compressed state by a controlled lock, a plate fixed to the free end of the elastic element and facing outward to the passenger a seat at the level of its back, and an electromechanical control system of the device with the ability to unlock the elastic element by the control system and move the plate under the action of the elastic element in the direction of the passenger seat, characterized in that it further comprises an airbag mounted on the outside of the plate and equipped with its deployment system on command or by an automatic signal from a vehicle acceleration sensor / sensor system. 2. The locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic element is made in the form of a cylindrical or conical spring and is built into the back of the driver's seat of the fixed part of the vehicle interior. 3. The locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the working stroke of the plate from a fixed source to a working extended position allows its additional movement under the action of an elastic element towards the passenger seat under the condition of depressurization of the pillow. 4. The locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the control system for unlocking the elastic element and the deployment of the airbag are integrated into a single control system for locking and passenger safety on the rights of its parallel branches, while it is possible to deploy the airbag at the same time as the elastic element is unlocked.

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