RU2462641C2 - Device for driving pipes in soil - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises a frame rigidly fixed as inclined in a working pit, where a driven pipe is laid. Sleds move along the frame, where a driving plate is installed as capable of rotation in three coordinates and movement along the transverse direction, with the help of which the vector of force application to the pipe end changes directionally. The device is equipped with a pipe clip, which makes it possible to do driving using a technology of tunnelling by a microshield, and also with an adjustable front roller support to ensure alignment of welded pipes.

EFFECT: device is designed to go through curvilinear sections of a route using previously bent pipes with a specified radius of curvature, which substantially increases efficiency of tunnelling due to reduction of length of curvilinear section tunnelling.

6 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of trenchless laying of pipelines by crushing.

Trenchless laying of pipes by crushing is an urgent task when laying a pipeline in cramped conditions, when laying in an open way is difficult or impossible, as well as when laying a pipeline under natural or artificial obstacles. Typically, the laying of the pipeline under these conditions is carried out by straight pipes, which forms the straightness of the route. When laying curved sections of the route, in particular in a vertical plane, it is necessary to lay pipes with a natural bend. The radius of curvature of the pipeline is determined by permissible elastic stresses in the pipe body. As a rule, the magnitude of this radius is significant, reaching several hundred meters, and therefore, accordingly, the length of the penetration of the curved section is significant. The use of advanced technology of trenchless pipe crushing is complicated and expensive. The use of pre-bent pipes with a given radius of curvature significantly increases the efficiency of penetration by reducing the length of the penetration of a curved section.

A known installation for trenchless laying of pipes of large diameters by the method of punching (http://www.mrmz.ru/tehnika/proch/spisokll/ubt.htm) produced by the Mikhnevsky Mechanical Repair Plant.

The installation contains a power unit in the form of two paired hydraulic cylinders placed in a pit on a separate rigid frame, a frame or guide ways for installing a crushed pipe in a pit, a set of inserts installed between the rods of the power hydraulic cylinders and the end of the crushed pipe, through which the crushing force is transmitted. The length of the inserts is a multiple of the stroke of the power hydraulic cylinders. This allows a set of inserts with the fixed frame of the power hydraulic cylinders to be fixed to crush pipes of a given length.

Installation works as follows.

A push tube is installed on the frame or guide ways. Power cylinders, pre-installed in the pit on their frame, crush the pipe by the stroke of the hydraulic cylinders. Then the piston rods are pushed in, and an insert is installed between the piston rods and the pipe end, the length of which is equal to the stroke of the hydraulic cylinders. Crush on the magnitude of the stroke of the hydraulic cylinders, while the total movement of the pipe is double the magnitude of the stroke of the hydraulic cylinders. Next, the rods slide in and set the insert double the size of the stroke. Crush on the stroke of the hydraulic cylinders, etc. Thus, a combination of the lengths of the inserts ensures the overlap of the entire length of the crushed pipe. The resulting internal soil core is removed, for example, by washing.

The disadvantages of the installation are the impossibility of crushing pre-bent pipes, since the vector of the crushing force created by the installation is applied to the pipe end strictly normal to it, which means that the pipe, when moving forward due to the arising transverse component of the crushing force, additionally affects the tunnel walls in the transverse direction, which causes friction forces that can lead to jamming of the pipe in the tunnel, and it is also required to have a significant set of inserts that are multiples of the hydrocylin stroke length firewood.

Known installations for laying pipes by the method of crushing, containing a frame installed in an open pit or well, the angle of the longitudinal axis of which is equal to the angle of the longitudinal axis of the pipeline route, a push plate mounted on it, interacting with the end of the crushed pipe. The plate is equipped with a hydraulic cylinder (or hydraulic cylinders) producing a crushing force directed along the axis of the pipe (prototype - Barbko 48 / 60-950 installation, ROBT magazine No. 7, 2007, p.16 ... 21).

The Barbko installation uses a rectilinear frame, rigidly installed in the working pit and strictly oriented along the axis of the track.

A movable working power head (hereinafter referred to as RSG) is installed on the frame, comprising a front plate, pushing hydraulic cylinders and front supports supporting the crushed pipe at the first moment of crushing. Grooves with uniform pitch are made on the frame, with the help of which the RSG is fixed in the process of crushing the pipe and moving it along the frame.

The RSG moves around the frame discretely: the RSG is fixed in its initial position, the front part with the plate makes a working stroke by the amount of stroke of the hydraulic cylinders (presses the pipe into the ground by the size of this stroke), after that the front part of the RSG with the plate returns to its original position, and the RSG is moved to new position on the stroke of the hydraulic cylinders. Here it is fixed on the frame. Next, the cycle is repeated.

Since the RSG moves on the frame strictly along the axis of the route and the crushing force vector is strictly perpendicular to the end of the pipe, the pipe itself moves uncontrollably in the ground while maintaining a given direction. To facilitate crushing (reduction of efforts), the internal soil core is removed with the help of an expandable auger drill, which the unit is equipped with.

A disadvantage of the installation is also the impossibility of crushing pre-bent pipes, since the vector of the crushing force created by the installation is applied to the end of the pipe strictly normal to it.

Another disadvantage of the installation is the lack of the ability to rotate the frame at an angle to the horizontal, which means that the direction of the crushing force vector at a given angle to the axis of the track is not provided.

When drilling the drilling site using, for example, a microboard, as well as during the initial installation of the pipe on the support rollers, it is necessary to keep the crushed pipe in an inclined position under the action of rolling force. The rolling force during penetration leads to the appearance of additional axial loads on the microboard, pressing its cutting part to the surface of the face and inhibiting the rotation of the shield around its axis, so the lack of clamping of the pipe to hold it is also a disadvantage of such an installation.

The aim of the present invention is to remedy these disadvantages.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known installation for laying pipes by the method of crushing, containing a rectilinear frame installed in an open pit, the longitudinal axis of which is parallel to the chord of the arc of the pipeline route at its specified two points, the power drive is in the form of a block of power hydraulic cylinders pivotally connected to the plate by means of which the crushing is performed is made with the possibility of longitudinal movement along the frame, and the plate is made with the possibility of rotation in three coordinates and movement in the direction pendicular to this chord. The design of the plate allows you to change the vector of the application of crushing forces to the end of the pipe while maintaining the direction of effort of the power hydraulic cylinders along the axis of the frame. Changing the direction of the crushing force vector applied to the end of the pipe makes it possible to crush a previously bent pipe with minimal transverse forces in the tunnel.

If the plate is made with the possibility of controlled movement by the drive in the direction perpendicular to the chord, then the direction of the crushing force vector can be optimized in order to minimize the lateral forces arising in the tunnel.

In order to ensure that the bent pipes are crushed at a given angle to the horizontal, the device frame is rotatable in a vertical plane relative to a fixed support, for example, in a hinge located motionless in the pit. The rear frame support is made, for example, in the form of a pivotally supported hydraulic cylinder with the possibility of fixing its stroke in intermediate positions.

In order to ensure that the crushed pipe is held in an inclined position, the crushing plate is provided with a pipe clamp, for example, in the form of hydraulic cylinders equipped with jaws.

In order to ensure the coincidence of the ends of the pipes being welded, the frame is equipped with a roller support of the front end of the crushed pipe, made with the possibility of moving in two mutually perpendicular directions.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, in which:

Figure 1 depicts an example embodiment of a device for crushing pre-bent pipes:

1 - frame

2 - front slide

3 - crushing plate

4 - rear slide

5 - front support

6 - a clamp of a forward sled

7 - a clamp of a back slide

8 - front hinge for turning the frame

9 - rear hinge of the frame support

10 - adjustable support

11 - power hydraulic cylinders

21 - pre-bent pipe of measured length, it is also crushed pipe

22 - crushed pipe

A and B are the coincidence points of the conditional center of the pipe ends and the ends of the chord of the pipe bend arc.

Figure 2 depicts an example of the execution of the crushing plate (view In figure 1):

3 - crushing plate

11 - power hydraulic cylinders

12 - spherical guide plates

13 - pipe clamping cylinder

14 - sponges

15 - supporting rollers crushing plate

16 - hydraulic cylinders for moving the plate.

Figure 3 depicts an example implementation of an adjustable roller front support (view G in figure 1):

17 - frame

18 - support rollers

19 - hydraulic cylinder for lateral movement of the pipe end

20 - cylinder vertical movement of the pipe end

21 - crushed pipe.

The proposed installation is made in the form of a frame 1, on which are installed the front slide 2, equipped with a crushing plate 3, the rear slide 4, the front support of the crushed pipe 5. The front 2 and rear 4 slide are equipped with clamps 6 and 7, respectively, which carry out their rigid fixation on the frame.

The frame of the installation 1 is equipped with two hinges, the front hinge 8 is rigidly mounted in the pit, for example using an anchor plate, and serves to rotate the frame in a vertical plane when installing the longitudinal axis of the frame 1 parallel to the tangent to the direction of the pipeline route, and the rear hinge 9 is equipped with an adjustable support 10 in the form of a hydraulic cylinder rigidly supported on the ground.

The rear slide 4 and the crush plate 3 are pivotally interconnected by power hydraulic cylinders 11, and the crush plate 3 is made with the possibility of its rotation in separate guides 12 of the front slide 2 in three coordinates and move in a direction perpendicular to the chord connecting the conditional centers of the ends of the pipe A and B, and the plate travel in this direction is limited and does not exceed the size of the arrow of this chord.

The crushing plate is placed in the guides of the front slide, provided with a pipe clamp in the form of hydraulic cylinders 13, equipped with jaws 14 that provide wall clamping, as well as support rollers 15. The plate 3 is equipped with extendable supports 16 made in the form of hydraulic cylinder rods.

In front of the frame 1, a front roller front support 5 is installed, made in the form of a movable frame 17 with supporting rollers 18, equipped with a lateral movement drive in the form of a hydraulic cylinder 19 and a vertical movement drive, also equipped with a hydraulic cylinder 20. The front roller support serves to move the front end of the crushed pipes 21 relative to the rear end face of the already crushed pipe 22 (or, equivalently, the end face of the transition ring of the microtunnel shield), when combining the end facets before welding, for I weld pool.

Consider the operation of the device in relation to the technology of tunneling using a microtunneling shield, which provides a tunnel of a given diameter with a given radius of curvature of the route and into which the trunk is crushed. In this case, the front end of the first pipe of the future highway is welded to the transition ring of the microtunneling shield and the pipe is introduced into the tunnel after the shield to a predetermined length, for example, by half.

The device is placed in the working pit so that the distance from the rear end of the crushed pipe 22 to the working end of the crushing plate 3 in the initial position is not less than the length of the crushed pipe 21, while the hinge 8 is rigidly fixed to the bottom of the pit, for example, using anchors. Adjustable support 10 tilt the frame 1 so that the longitudinal axis of the frame is parallel to the chord of the arc of the pipeline route at its specified two points: A and B.

In the initial position, the rear slide 4 is fixed on the frame 1, for example, in the extreme right position. The hydraulic power cylinders 11 are retracted, the front slide 2 with the plate 3 is unlocked, the plate 3 is raised by the retractable bearings 16 to the highest position in the guides 12 of the front slide. The sponges 14 of the clamp pipe are divorced. The rollers of the front support 18 occupy the highest position, the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 20 is fully extended, the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 19 is in the middle position.

The pipe 21, for example, by a crane, is lowered from above and placed on the rollers of the front support 18 and the rollers 15 of the crushing plate 3. At the same time, under the influence of the dead weight of the pipe 21, the plate 3 is rotated and its end is combined with the rear end of the pipe 21, thereby ensuring the conditional center of the pipe 21 with a common point of the trajectory of the track and chord (point B). Then, with the jaws 14, the rear end of the pipe 21 is clamped, and the position of its front end relative to the rear end of the previous pipe 22 is controlled by moving the frame 17 of the rollers of the front support 18, thereby centering the chamfers to form a weld pool. After that, the formed joint is welded and the frame 17 of the rollers 18 of the front support are removed from the pipe surface downward by the hydraulic cylinder 20.

Next, the power cylinders 11 produce crushing of the pipe 21. In this case, the pressure from the hydraulic cylinders of the outriggers 16 is removed, and the front slide 2 with the plate 3 is moved by the stroke of the hydraulic cylinders 11. In this position, the front slide 2 is fixed on the frame 1 with a retainer 6. Then, the rear ones are unlocked. the slide 4 and retract the rods of the power hydraulic cylinders 11. The rear slide 4 is moved by the stroke of the hydraulic cylinders 11 and they are fixed in the position on the frame by the latch 7. Next, the cycle of crushing the pipe 21 is repeated until exhausted length of the frame 1, the pressure in the sliding plate supports 16 is removed, and in the end position of the front carriage conditional center pipe 2 is aligned with a common point of the trajectory line and the chord (point A).

At the end of the procedure, the front 2 and rear 4 rails are jointly returned to their initial position, for example, with a winch, where the rear rails 4 are fixed with a retainer 7, the power hydraulic cylinders 11 are retracted by the stroke value, the plate 3 is lifted by the sliding supports 16 to the highest position in the guides 12 of the front rails. The jaws 14 of the pipe clamp are parted. The rollers of the front support 18 are raised to their highest position, while the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 20 is fully extended, and the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 19 is moved to the middle position. The device is ready to install the next pipe.

Repair and construction of crossings of main pipelines of small rivers and reservoirs, especially in conditions of Western Siberia and the Far North, is a serious problem. This is primarily due to the large volumes of penetration and inevitable environmental damage. Driving a curved section of the route using pre-bent pipes allows several times to reduce the volume of construction work by reducing the length of the penetration, thereby reducing costs and saving the environment. For example, when driving a route using straight pipes with natural bending at a given depth, for example 8 m, the length of the curved section is approximately 900 m. When driving this section at the same depth using pre-bent pipes with an angle between the ends of the pipe 3 ° the length of the penetration it will be only about 100 m. In addition, using the proposed centering system for pipe ends before welding, the process productivity is significantly increased, and welding itself can be performed automatically.

Currently, taking into account the extreme relevance of these problems, a complete working draft of the installation for crushing pre-bent UZIT-400 pipes with a maximum crushing force of 4000 kN based on a self-propelled caterpillar chassis has been developed. The total transported mass of the installation is 25 tons, which allows you to deliver the installation as close to the place of work as an automobile trailer, and then under its own power directly to the working pit.

Claims (6)

1. A device for crushing pipes into the soil, containing a rectilinear frame installed in an open pit, the longitudinal axis of which is parallel to the chord of the arc of the pipeline route at its specified two points, a power drive made, for example, in the form of a block of power hydraulic cylinders with the possibility of longitudinal movement along the frame pivotally coupled to the crushing force transmission means, made, for example, in the form of a plate, characterized in that, in order to ensure crushing of the bent pipes by changing the direction of the force vector I zadavlivaniya applied to the pipe end, zadavlivaniya plate is pivotable in three dimensions and its movement in the direction perpendicular to the chord. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the power drive is made in the form of front and rear rails with the ability to move along the frame, interconnected by power hydraulic cylinders, and each of which is equipped with a latch on the frame, and the crushing plate is placed in the front rails. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that for moving the crushing plate in the direction perpendicular to the chord of the arc of the pipeline route, a drive is mounted on the front slide, for example, in the form of hydraulic cylinders. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to ensure the coincidence of the ends of the pipes before welding, the frame is equipped with a roller support of the front end of the crushed pipe, made with the possibility of movement in two mutually perpendicular directions. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to ensure that the bent pipes are crushed at a given angle to the horizontal, its frame is rotatable in a vertical plane relative to the fixed support, for example, in a hinge whose base is rigidly fixed in the pit. 6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that, in order to ensure retention of the crushed pipe in an inclined position, the crushing plate is equipped with a pipe clamp, for example, in the form of hydraulic cylinders equipped with jaws.

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