RU2460300C1 - Method for reduction of strawberry affection by grey rot - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to biotechnology. The method is as follows: The microbial preparation represented by a suspension of equal combination of Bacillus subtilis TNP-3 and Bacillus subtilis TNP-5 bacteria strains (at a concentration of 1·10⁹ CFU/ml) suspended in 1%-glucose solution is non-recurrently introduced 10 days after planting by way of spraying and irrigation with consumption rate equal to 100 ml per bush.

EFFECT: invention allows to enhance the efficiency of control over strawberry affection by the fungous disease (grey rot).

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Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to the protection of plants.

The known drug is Bacispecin BM (Vyalykh L.K., Melentyev L.I. Induction of resistance to rust in barley and wheat caused by the preparation Bacispecin BM./ Microbiol. Protection of the biosphere in the regions of the Urals and the Northern Caspian region: Abstract. All-sym. . - Orenburg, 1991. - S.23-24), the basis of which is a bacterial strain Bacillus subtilis. The disadvantage of this drug is that it is used only to protect cereals from fungal and bacterial diseases.

Known biological product for protecting plants from fungal and bacterial diseases (RF patent No. 2201678, bull. No. 10, 2003) based on living cells and spores of the endophytic bacterium Bacillus subtilis VKM B-2218 D. The disadvantage of this drug is that it is multicomponent therefore, making it is more time consuming.

A known bacterial strain Bacillus subtilis TNP-3-DEPT with antagonistic activity against pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms and used for disinfection of litter and manure (RF patent for the invention No. 2105810, publ. 27.02.1998, bull. No. 6). However, this bacterial strain is not used in berry growing.

The closest analogue is the biological product Fitosporin, however, this biological product is ineffective in relation to pathogens of gray rot.

The objective of the invention is to develop a method of reducing the incidence of strawberries with gray rot caused by the fungus Botrytis cinerea Pers. by making a suspension of a microbial preparation.

The technical result of the invention is a method of reducing the incidence of strawberries with gray rot by introducing the microorganic preparation Nord-Bact, consisting of the bacterial strains Bacillus subtilis TNP-3 (registration number VNIISHM D149), and Bacillus subtilis TNP-5 (registration number VNIISHM D150), deposited in the collection of microorganisms of the All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Microbiology (certificate of deposit dated March 28, 2006 No. 88/03).

Use a mixture of an equal combination of bacterial strains of Bacillus subtilis TNP-3 and Bacillus subtilis TNP-5 grown on a solid nutrient medium and suspended in a 1% glucose solution. 1 ml of the drug contains at least 1 billion colony forming units of you. subtilis (1 · 10 ⁹ CFU / ml). The microbial preparation “Nord-Bact” is used once 10 days after planting plants with a consumption rate of 100 ml per 1 bush by spraying or watering. After that, they observe the development, growth of plants and their susceptibility to their diseases. The number of plants as untreated with the drug (control), so treated in 24 pcs.

After treatment with a microbial preparation, the incidence of berries with gray rot decreases and amounts to 9.2%; in untreated plants, the incidence of gray rot is 21.2% (Table 1). Therefore, when treated with a microbial preparation, the incidence of strawberry plants with gray rot decreases by 2.3 times.

Table 1 The use of biological products against the fungal disease of strawberries (gray rot) A drug Year The degree of damage,% 2009 13.8 The control 2010 28.5 average 21,2 2009 11,4 Fitosporin 2010 20.1 average 21,2 2009 1.3 North bact 2010 17.0 average 9.2 KMU (complex mineral fertilizer) 2009 7.9 2010 26.9 average 17.4

The antagonistic activity of strains of Bacillus subtilis "TNP-3" and Bacillus subtilis "TNP-5" to Botrytis cinerea Pers fungi is also confirmed by microbiological studies. The results of the experiments are presented in table 2.

table 2 The results of experiments on the antagonistic activity of bacterial strains Bacillus subtilis TNP-3 and Bacillus subtilis TNP-5 against the fungus Botrytis cinerea Pers No. Options Number of test objects Accounting for the growth of the fungus Botrytis cinerea Pers recording the results of the experiment for days one 2 3 four 5 6 7 one Experience 3 - - - - - - - 2 The control one - - - - + + ++ ++ Note: - + - small growth of the fungus (1 mm) around the inoculum + - noticeable growth of mushrooms (2-3 mm) around the inoculum ++ - good growth of the fungus (5-7 mm) around the inoculum

As the data of table 2 show, the bacterial strains Bacillus subtilis TNP-3 and Bacillus subtilis TNP-5 have a pronounced activity against the fungus Botrytis cinerea Pers.

In addition, the results of the experiments showed that the use of these biological products not only prevented the development of phytopathogens, but also increased the number of peduncles and the mass of strawberries. So, on average, the number of peduncles in the control was 30.3 pcs / bush, and when using the biological product Nord-Bact - 42 pcs / bush.

Table 3 Number of peduncles, flowers and berries per 1 bush A drug Year Quantity, pcs / bush flower stalks of flowers berries 2009 6.3 52.9 47.6 The control 2010 54.3 383.6 150.6 average 30.3 218.2 99.1 2009 11.6 102.3 35.0 Fitosporin 2010 52.6 448.5 183.7 average 32.1 275.4 109.3 2009 10.0 112.6 44.7 North bact 2010 74.0 344.9 167.5 average 42.0 228.7 106.1 KMU (complex mineral fertilizer) 2009 10.0 83.6 45.1 2010 62.0 442.2 163.2 average 36.0 262.9 104.1

The Nord-Bact biological product had the greatest influence on increasing the mass of berries - on average, the first harvest was 2.7 g and 1.7 g for all harvests (Table 4). In particular, when using this drug, the weight of individual berries is more than 4 g.

Table 4 The mass of berries of strawberry plants A drug Year The mass of berries, g on first collection wednesday for all fees The control 2009 2.1 1.4 2010 2.5 1,5 average 2,3 1.4 Fitosporin 2009 2,3 1,6 2010 2.6 1,6 average 2,4 1,6 North bact 2009 2.5 1.7 2010 3.0 1.8 average 2.7 1.7 KMU (complex mineral fertilizer) 2009 2.5 1,6 2010 2.6 1.7 average 2.5 1,6

Thus, the treatment of strawberry plants with a suspension of the bacterial strains Bacillus subtilis “TNP-3” and Bacillus subtilis “TNP-5” reduces the incidence of wild strawberries and also significantly increases the number of peduncles and the mass of berries.

Claims (1)

A method of reducing the susceptibility of gray rot of strawberries by introducing a microbial preparation, characterized in that a suspension of an equal combination of the bacterial strains Bacillus subtilis TNP-3 and Bacillus subtilis TNP-5 at a concentration of 1 · 10 ⁹ CFU / ml suspended in 1 % glucose solution, which is used once 10 days after planting plants with a flow rate of 100 ml per bush by spraying and watering.