RU2458811C2 - Agricultural tractor - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to tractor, namely, to tractor operator. Safety bow 2 is arranged on tractor frame 1 to accommodate guide 3. Carriage 4 with side members 5 displaces over guide 3. Control platform 7 is secured on side members 5 by means of vibration isolation pads 6. Operator's seat and tractor controls are arranged on said platform. Said platform is closed by tight cabin 8.

EFFECT: mobile cabin, higher comfort and safety.

6 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural tractors, namely to the cabs of the machine operator.

Historically, agricultural operations were not unified by type of movement. Some operations require right-sided controls (e.g. plowing). Transport work is left-handed, and inter-row processing is preferable to carry out with controls located in the center.

Classic tractor models contain cabs with rigidly located controls on the sides or in the center of the tractor. On the other hand, from the point of view of ensuring operator safety when tipping over the tractor, the cabs are made of high strength, able not to crumple under heavy loads. This complicates the resolution of visibility issues from the operator’s workplace. Therefore, cabins are most often made on a high-strength supporting frame. Which leads to a significant increase in their mass. These and other circumstances force the cabs to be tightly “tied” to the tractor supporting systems, which leads to the emergence of new contradictions associated with the need for heat, noise, and vibration isolation of the cabs.

In general, a number of constructive solutions make it possible to achieve a sufficiently high level of comfort (New equipment for the Russian agro-industrial complex (based on the materials of the 8th Russian Golden Autumn agricultural exhibition): Cat. - M .; Federal State Institution Rosinformagroteh. 2007. - 256 p.: p. 4-17). Ultimately, the achieved solutions to all the contradictions lead to the inevitable rise in price of cabins and tractors, respectively.

The closest in terms of the problem under consideration is the Klaas Xenon 3300 energy facility (Innovative development of the world agricultural machine-building industry (based on materials from the Agriteehnika 2005 international exhibition): Scientific - an. Review. - M.: FSINI Rosinformagroteh. 2006. - 180 p.: 20). A distinctive feature is that the energy cabin becomes mobile and can be rotated on a rigid stand in two opposite directions. This solution optimally solves the problem of rapid reversal of a mobile device, but it again contains a rigid frame cabin. Moreover, regardless of the direction, the operator is located in the center of the energy facility. The optimal solution to the problem is to ensure mobility of the cabin in accordance with the required type of movement, while increasing comfort and safety with minimal cost. The specified goal is achieved as follows, Fig.1.

A safety arc 2 is installed on the frame of the tractor 1. Inside the arc there is a guide 3. A carriage 4 with spars 5 is moved along the guide 3. The control platform 7 is mounted on the spars 5 with the help of vibration-damping cushions 6. The operator's seat and all tractor controls are mounted on the platform. The platform is covered with a sealed cab 8. In order to increase the vibration isolation of the cab, the safety arc can be connected to the frame using additional vibration pads.

The device operates as follows. The operator, sitting in the cab and actuating the mechanism, moves with the cab in a convenient position for work and fixes the carriage, Figure 2 (a, b, c), in this position. The outer contour of the cabin in all ranges of working movements does not go beyond the outer contour of the safety arc. Therefore, when the tractor overturns, the main load is perceived by the safety arc. In case of repair work, under stationary conditions, in order to facilitate repair and removal of power units, the cabin can be shifted beyond the outer contour of the safety arc. Such a scheme can significantly increase the comfortable working conditions of the machine operator by ensuring stabilization of the cab position regardless of the tractor's trajectory. For this, the cab 8, FIG. 3, is mounted on the side members 5 using the transverse hinge 9. The actuator 10 monitors the longitudinal vibrations of the tractor and stabilizes the position of the cab in the longitudinally vertical plane.

In order to simplify the design, instead of suspending the cab on the transverse hinge 9, it is possible to suspend the guide 3 on the arc 2 using the hinge 12. The actuator 13 will maintain the entire platform in a horizontal position.

To stabilize the cabin in the transverse vertical plane, the side members 5 are connected to the carriage 4 on the longitudinally horizontal hinge 14 and using the actuator 15 the position of the cabin is stabilized in the transverse vertical plane.

The proposed technical solution has several new advantages.

Firstly, the cabins can be made frameless and lightweight. This allows you to reduce their material consumption, simplify manufacturing technology and ultimately reduce their cost.

Secondly, the cab can be “torn off” from the tractor's supporting systems and distance from sources of vibration and noise. This allows you to provide comfortable conditions for the operator with significantly lower costs.

Thirdly, it becomes possible to unify the cab for various tractor models; only the mounting elements of the safety arc to the tractor's supporting system can change.

Fourth, the supply of a tractor to various climatic regions is greatly facilitated. For tropical, temperate or northern performance, only the skin of the cab changes.

Fifthly, it allows stabilization of the cab position in the horizontal plane regardless of the directional and lateral vibrations of the tractor frame.

Claims (6)

1. An agricultural tractor, on the supporting system of which the engine, transmission, mounted system and cab are mounted, characterized in that, in order to reduce the cost of the tractor while increasing the comfort and safety of the operator, a safety arc is attached to the supporting structure of the tractor, containing a guide along which the carriage moves, on the side members of which, with the help of vibration-insulating cushions, a platform is mounted with the operator's seat mounted on it and all the controls, freely -rotating on the instructions of the operator in a comfortable viewing position, the platform is covered with a light frameless shower, and the outer contour of the cab throughout the entire range of displacement is within the arc of the safety circuit. 2. The agricultural tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that during the repair, the cab moves sideways beyond the safety arc. 3. The agricultural tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that the safety arc is connected to the bearing elements of the tractor with the help of additional vibration-suppressing supports. 4. The agricultural tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that the cabin is connected to the side members with a transverse hinge and is held horizontally in a vertical plane using an actuator. 5. The agricultural tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide carriage is pivotally connected to the safety arc, and using the actuator, the control platform is automatically held horizontally in a longitudinally vertical plane. 6. The agricultural tractor according to claim 3, characterized in that the control platform is connected to the carriage on a longitudinally horizontal hinge and with an actuator, the platform is automatically held horizontally in the transverse vertical plane.

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