RU2455600C2 - Device for extraction of metals or metal compounds from material, containing metal or metal compounds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a device for extraction of metals or metal compounds from a material containing metal or metal compound in an oven with a hearth, with a first inlet for lead-in of material, the first outlet for withdrawal of exhaust gas, by one or more electrodes of melting and/or recovery of the loaded material that stick out into the hearth of a furnace with a bottom electrode acting as cathode, and an additional electrode that performs the function of an anode, with the space, serving as a sedimentation zone designed in the area of toxins release, with an electric or a permanent magnet, which is located in the hearth of a furnace so that the magnetic flux created in the hearth of a furnace due to the constant current, is crossed by magnetic field, as well as an outlet for selection of molten metal and metal compound and overflow or an outlet of slag.

EFFECT: simplified construction of furnace and improved slag cleaning in one step and a single unit.

4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for extracting metals or metal compounds from a material containing a metal or metal compound.

The scope of the invention is the cleaning of slag during the smelting of pig iron and non-cast iron, as well as noble metals and increasing the yield of metal in the process of producing ferroalloys, accompanied by the appearance of slag.

From EP 1807671 B1, there is known a device for extracting metal from metal-containing slag with a first furnace made in the form of an alternating current electric furnace and with a second furnace made in the form of a direct current electric furnace, and connecting means for melt is provided between the first furnace and the second furnace, so that the melt after heating in the first furnace can be sent to the second furnace.

Intensive slag cleaning using direct current technology with one or more electrodes and a bottom electrode (s) with a transverse magnetic field has already been proposed. A circular or rectangular furnace for electrochemical reduction is already a reliable standard unit for cleaning, for example, copper slag.

disadvantages

Installation for intensive slag cleaning requires two units connected one after another. This in turn requires a place, appropriate logistics, connecting the gutters, double equipment, such as controls or pipes for the removal of gases. Between both units, cooling of the slag occurs, which is associated with heat loss. A standard oven and an oven installed behind it may be from different suppliers.

The objective of the invention is the integration of slag cleaning using the field created by direct current, and the magnetic field in the hitherto provided only in a separate sequentially installed furnace, in the well-known industrial facility SAF (Submerget Arc Furnance), further increasing the efficiency of the classical technology in only one step and only in one unit with a focus on only one unit, as well as for simple use. At the same time, it becomes possible to refuse two units and to restore electrical heat losses.

According to the invention, this problem is solved by means of a device for extracting metals or metal compounds from a material containing metal or metal compound, with a metal receiver in a furnace with a first inlet for loading material, a first outlet for exhaust gas, one or more electrodes for melting and / or recovery of the loaded material, which protrude into the furnace metal receiver, with a bottom electrode formed as a cathode, provided in the slag discharge area, serving as a siege area with an electromagnet - or a permanent magnet, which is thus located in the furnace metal detector, so that the magnetic flux created in the metal receiver, caused by the direct current, is crossed by the magnetic field, so that, with the help of superimposed magnetic fields, the current and magnet result from this forces in the furnace are thus set in motion, which in combination creates the effect of mixing, as well as with the release for selection of molten metal or metal compound and overflow and the release of toxins.

According to the design, it is provided that 3 or 6 electrodes arranged in a row or in a semicircle protrude into the metal detector in the furnace, and the metal detector in the furnace is formed round or multifaceted.

The magnetic flux due to direct current to the hearth electrode according to an embodiment of the invention is created by an additional electrode with anode function, which is located in the area remaining at the slag outlet.

Advantageously between the zone of the metal detector in the furnace into which the electrodes protrude and the zone into which the additional electrode protrudes, a transverse bulkhead separating the zones is provided.

Simplification of conventional furnaces can be achieved, taking into account the main idea of the invention, by the fact that when refusing an additional electrode, the existing electrodes can switch to the DC mode with a baking electrode.

The idea of the solution proposed according to the invention is that the basic principle of a magnetic field directed across the magnetic flux due to direct current is integrated into the concept of a standard SAF. Due to this, a sequential stepwise processing of slag is achieved depending on the metallurgical process, the slag cleaning process is not interrupted, temperature reduction is prevented, the total installation length becomes shorter, electrical equipment can be bundled, and exhaust gas processing becomes easier.

A number of advantages follow from this:

the process of intensive cleaning of slag in the metal receiver in the furnace can be directionally controlled;

the imposition of various electrical quantities can be optimally tuned to each other;

less space is required and the transportation stage is eliminated due to the lack of an additional metal receiver in the furnace.

The implementation of the invention is schematically depicted in the figure and should be described below.

The implementation includes a combination of a classic circular or multifaceted electric reduction furnace (SAF), typically with alternating current, and a direct current reduction furnace with an anode and cathode, with the addition of permanent magnets or electromagnets oriented across them. Thus, according to the implementation in terms of the process technology, the furnace combines the known electric reduction furnace and the furnace for intensive slag cleaning in one unit.

This in itself conventional furnace 15 ("Enforced slag cleaning furnace") has, as a rule, 3 or 6 electrodes 1 arranged in a row or in a semicircle in a circular or multifaceted metal detector 2 in the furnace. Using these electrodes, usually operating in alternating current mode, energy is supplied to the medium (slag) 14 for reduction, melting and deposition. The furnace, in contrast to known furnaces, however, is designed in such a way that a space 16 is left in the slag discharge zone, in which at least one other electrode with anode function can be located. In addition, the furnace has a hearth electrode as a cathode 5. From this / these additional (additional) electrodes (electrode), voltage is now applied to the hearth electrode, so that an additional magnetic flux due to current arises in the medium. The core of the electric or permanent magnets 6 is now so located in the metal receiver in the furnace that the constant magnetic flux generated by the current, at right angles (or with a similar action) intersects the magnetic field. Using these superimposed fields, namely: the magnetic field caused by the current, and the magnetic field and the forces generated as a result of this (3-finger rule), the medium (slags) in the furnace are set in motion, so that a mixing effect is created that maintains the efficiency of the classical furnace process, in particular, the deposition of fine metal particles still present in the slag is improved.

In this case, as a rule, only the power that is required for the forced processes is supplied through the DC system. The magnetic field achieves its efficiency even at low magnetic intensity <100 gauss. In a combination of all 3 types of energy input (alternating current, direct current, magnetic field), the individual components can still be optimized.

For special processes, variants are also possible with an additional DC electrode (anode) in the slag inlet zone.

While in the region of the anodes a load of 13 is desirable, for example, at a level equal to the diameter of the electrode and thus at a relatively high level so that it is a printed circuit board on the slag, such a high load in the region of conventional electrodes is rather undesirable, since it can lead to through currents. If no compromise can be found between these two opposite aspects in a particular case, then the installation of a transverse bulkhead 7 for the separation of technological rooms is possible above a slag bath like a Quietzet furnace.

An embodiment of the invention provides the ability to switch classic, for example, 3-6 electrodes in combination with a view of the loading process. In this case, even electrodes 1 operating in alternating current mode would switch to direct current mode, in which case an additional electrode could be discarded. Thus, the connection of the electrodes 1 would temporarily change to a constant current mode with a bottom electrode 5. This means that either the classical reduction process would be activated or the furnace process would be carried out by direct current with 3-6 electrodes and a bottom electrode connected in parallel and as described, a magnetic field would be imposed on it. Thus, the existing furnace could be converted even easier.

In the remaining positions, it should be noted that in the drawing, the reference numeral 8 denotes the outlet for the metal or metal compound that / which has accumulated below in the metal receptacle under the slags 14 at 9.

Exhaust gases are discharged using a chimney 10.

To remove slag 14 from the metal receiver in the furnace, the slag outlet 12 is used.

Claims (4)

1. A device for extracting metals or metal compounds from a metal-containing material or metal compound in a furnace with a metal receiver (2), with a first inlet for loading material, a first outlet (10) for exhaust gas removal, with an electric reduction furnace zone, with one or several electrodes that normally work in AC mode and are switched to the DC mode of operation by electrodes (1) for melting and / or restoring the loaded material, which protrude into the metal receiver of the furnace, with the provision in the slag discharge zone (12) and serving as a deposition zone with a space (16), with a baking electrode (5) acting as a cathode, between which and an additional electrode (4) serving as an anode, or electrodes switched to a constant current mode (1) a magnetic flux due to direct current is created, and with an electric or permanent magnet (6), which is thus installed in the furnace metal receiver, that the magnetic flux created in the metal receiver, caused by direct current, intersects this magnetic so that with the help of a superimposed magnetic flux due to current and a magnetic field, the resulting forces drive the medium in the furnace in such a way that in combination the mixing effect is obtained, as well as with the release of (8) for the selection of molten metal or metal compounds and overflow or outlet (12) for slag. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional electrode (4) is located in the zone of space (16) serving as a deposition zone. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that 3 or 6 electrodes (1) arranged in a row or part of a circle of the electrode protrude into the metal receiver of the furnace, the metal receiver of the furnace (2) being made round or multifaceted. 4. The device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that between the zone of the metal detector of the furnace into which the electrodes (1) protrude and the space (16) serving as the deposition zone into which the additional electrode (4) extends, a transverse bulkhead (7) separating the regions is provided.

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