RU2455457C1 - Packer-anchor and method of well annular space separation by packer-anchor - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas production.

SUBSTANCE: packer-anchor consists of housing, anchor unit made of cone and slips in a form of rollers, sealing element between the upper and lower movable supports, drive. The upper support is spring-loaded downwards by coil spring that leans on the lower bushing of protective means against foreign substances that includes upper and lower movable bushings loaded by the said spring and collar fixed between these bushings capable of radial extension. The effort necessary for maximum radial extension of the collar is less than the effort necessary for rollers movement on the cone. The possibility of upper support axial movement is limited by end surface of housing step. Method of well annular space separation consists in descending of described packer-anchor into the well, preparation of packer-anchor to installation by pressure of pumped fluid, setting of rollers into working position, preparation of sealing element for separation of well space, separation of well space with the possibility of further de-packering-de-anchoring, removing from well or movement to well other zone.

EFFECT: increase of device and method of space separation reliability, facilitation of operational service.

2 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The group of inventions relates to techniques for underground repair and well research, and in particular to devices and methods for separating the annular space during the treatment of the bottom-hole zone, hydraulic fracturing and other works.

Known packer-anchor (RF patent No. 2301321, IPC E21B 33/1295, publ. 06/20/2007), comprising a housing, an anchor assembly consisting of a cone and dies placed under the sealing element, which is located between the upper movable stop and the lower stop, and a drive made in the form of a piston with a passage channel mounted inside the cylinder with the possibility of limited longitudinal movement.

The disadvantage of this anchor packer is its low reliability due to the presence of a gear rack in its design that transfers axial force to the movable stop and further to the sealing element. At the same time, the gear rack is spring-loaded in the radial direction and this gear connection is not protected from contamination by impurities contained in the well fluid, which can lead to unpacking after cutting the pin and the sleeve with the ball falling to the bottom due to non-engagement of the gear rack with gear rings on the housing . Significant axial loads on the rack can cause its deformation or breakage, which will prevent the packer from working. Breakage or clogging of the spring can cause the packer to fail due to the gear rack not engaging with the gear rings on the housing. A significant drawback of the reliability of the packer-anchor operation is that the engagement force of the lower stop for the borehole wall is carried out through the sealing element, which will take part of the axial axial load on the cone upon contact with the borehole wall, reducing the force of gearing dies against the borehole wall. The reduced force of gearing of the dies on the wall of the well can cause the packer-anchor to move along the wall of the well. A ball with a sleeve discharged to the bottom is not desirable to be left in the well. The complexity of the design due to the large number of original parts reduces the reliability of the packer-anchor and increases the cost of its manufacture and operation. The above design of the packer-anchor is not applicable in horizontal wells, where there may be a tight fit of the ball on the cut sleeve.

Closest to the proposed one by most coinciding features is a packer-anchor (RF patent 2379471 C1, IPC E21B 33/1295, published January 20, 2010), comprising a housing, an anchor assembly consisting of a hollow cone and dies placed under the sealing element, which located between the upper movable stop and the lower stop, and the actuator, made in the form of a piston with a passage channel, mounted inside the cylinder with the possibility of limited longitudinal movement, and the piston is equipped with a narrowing of the passage channel from below and a hollow rod from above, a cat the upper paradise is rigidly and coaxially connected to a cone fixed on top coaxially with the housing, the cylinder being movable and mounted outside the piston, and the internal cavity between the cylinder and the piston communicating with the rod cavity above the narrowing of the piston bore, the upper stop being made with limited movement up, the bottom stop is provided with radial windows and is movable with the ability to move up and interact from below with the cylinder, and the dies are made in the form of rollers with longitudinal holes, the mouth mated in the windows of the lower stop on the axes, which are fixed in the windows perpendicular to the axis of the casing, the inner diameter of the longitudinal hole of the roller is larger than the outer diameter of the axis, and the outer surface of the roller interacts sequentially with the outer surfaces of the hollow rod, cone, housing and the wall of the well when moving the lower stop relative to the body. A method for uncoupling the annular space of a well includes lowering the packer-anchor into the well, preparing the packer-anchor for installation with the pressure of the pumped liquid, putting the rollers in working position, preparing the sealing element for dividing the borehole space, dividing the borehole space with the possibility of further unpacking-reengineering, lifting from the well or moving to another zone of the well

The disadvantages of this packer-anchor and the method of separation of the annular space is low reliability due to the possibility of foreign particles getting on the spring, upper and lower stops, and the sealing element. This is one of the crucial elements of the packer-anchor, due to which the well is sealed and the packer-anchor is activated. If foreign impurities, such as non-bore inclusions (nuts, wrenches, pliers, cotter pins, etc.) and borehole inclusions (possibly settling particles of sand, salt, various sludge, whole pieces of deposits falling off the pipes, etc., fall on them). ), a packing process can fail when foreign inclusions clog into the gap between the upper stop and the wall of the well, and / or the gap between the spring and the wall of the well, and / or between the sealing element and the wall of the well, and / or between the lower stop and the wall wells / Or between other mobile anchor packer element located below the lower stop and the borehole wall. Clogged inclusions will not allow the moving elements of the packer-anchor to move according to a theoretically calculated technique. These inclusions can slow down the operation of the packer-anchor, can lead to the inability to trigger or to additional operations to clean and remove these inclusions from the specified places, which leads to additional costs. In addition, if foreign matter enters between the sealing element and the borehole wall, leakage in the actuated state may be impaired.

The technical task is to increase the reliability and ease of use by using simple in design, technologically advanced to manufacture, small in number of parts. As well as a significant increase in the reliability of the device and the method of separation of space, facilitating maintenance due to the protection against ingress of foreign impurities on the responsible movable elements of the packer-anchor, responsible for sealing and operation, for example, a sealing element, spring, stops.

The technical problem is solved by the anchor packer and the method of separating the space using the anchor packer containing the housing, the anchor assembly, consisting of a hollow cone and dies placed under the sealing element, which is located between the upper movable stop and the lower stop, and the drive, made in the form a piston with a passage channel mounted inside the cylinder with the possibility of limited longitudinal movement, and the piston is equipped with a narrowing of the passage channel from below and a hollow rod from above, which is rigidly and coaxially connected to the top dinene with a cone fixed on top coaxially with the housing, the cylinder being movable and mounted outside the piston, and the internal cavity between the cylinder and the piston communicating with the cavity of the rod above the narrowing of the bore of the piston, while the upper stop is made with limited upward movement, the lower stop is provided radial windows and made movable with the ability to move up and interact from below with the cylinder, and the dies are made in the form of rollers with longitudinal holes installed in the windows of the lower stop on axles which are secured in the windows of the housing perpendicular to the axis, wherein the inner diameter of the longitudinal opening roller axis greater than the outer diameter and the outer surface of the roller successively engages the outer surfaces of the hollow rod, a cone, the housing and the borehole wall during possible movement of the lower stop against the housing. A method for uncoupling the annular space of a well includes lowering the packer-anchor into the well, preparing the packer-anchor for installation with the pressure of the pumped liquid, putting the rollers in working position, preparing the sealing element for dividing the borehole space, dividing the borehole space with the possibility of further unpacking-reengineering, lifting from the well or moving to another zone of the well.

New in the packer-anchor device is that the top stop is spring-loaded downward by means of a spiral spring resting on the lower sleeve of the tool for protecting against foreign inclusions, the tool for protecting against foreign inclusions contains the upper and lower movable bushings axially spring-loaded by the said spring and a cuff fixed between these bushings on their outer surfaces, capable of radially expanding when said bushings approach each other, and the cuff is made in in the form of an elastic sleeve, capable of having a diameter equal to the diameter of the well at maximum radial expansion, and in the initial unexpanded state, having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the well for unhindered transportation along the well, the force required to maximize radial expansion of the cuff and determined based on the elastic properties of the material cuffs, less effort required to move the rollers along the cone, the upper sleeve of the tool for protection against foreign inclusions is made based on the protrusion of the whisker, and the possibility of axial movement is limited by abutment of the upper end surface of the housing stage. A new method for separating the annular space of a well is that the anchor packer is used with the indicated new features, and at the stage of preparing the packer-anchor for installation by pressure of the pumped liquid, the cuff for protection against foreign inclusions is in the maximum radially expanded state and remains in this state until the period of unpacking-reincarnation.

Figure 1 shows a packer-anchor in a transport position with a partial longitudinal section; figure 2 is a section aa of figure 1; figure 3 - packer-anchor in the position set by the pressure of the pumped fluid with a partial longitudinal section; figure 4 - packer-anchor with a partial longitudinal section when the rollers are brought to the working position; figure 5 - packer-anchor with a partial longitudinal section in a position ready for the separation of the borehole space; figure 6 - packer-anchor with a partial longitudinal section in the working position; Fig.7 is a section bB of Fig.6.

The anchor packer contains a stepped housing 1 (Fig. 1) with a central passage 2, threaded 3 for connection to a pipe string (not shown), consisting of a hollow cone 4, a rod 5, a piston 6 having an upper protrusion 7, a lower protrusion 8 (figure 3) and narrowing 9. The dies are made in the form of rollers 10 located in the radial windows 11 (figure 1) of the lower movable support 12 on the axes 13 perpendicular to the axis of the housing 1, and the inner diameter 14 (figure 2) of the rollers 10 is larger than the diameter of the axis 13 by the magnitude of the radial stroke of the rollers 10 when they interact with the cone 4 (figure 1). Between the lower movable support (emphasis) 12 and the upper movable support (emphasis) 15 is placed a sealing element 16.

Outside the piston 6, a cylinder 20 is installed, having projections 21 (FIG. 3) and 22, restricting the movement of the cylinder 20 up and down. The movement of the cylinder 20 (Fig. 1) is ensured by the pressure difference created by the narrowing 9 of the passage 2 between the internal cavity 23 formed by the piston 6 and the cylinder 20 and the bore 24. The internal cavity 23 is in communication with the passage 2 by the hole 25 of the rod 5 located above the restriction 9 pistons 6.

The upper stop 15 from above is spring-loaded downward by means of a coil spring 18, which is supported by the lower sleeve 28 of the means 26 for protection against foreign inclusions. The tool 26 for protection against foreign inclusions contains the upper 29 and lower 28 movable sleeves spring-loaded by means of the indicated spring 18 in the axial direction and a sleeve 27 fixed between these sleeves on their outer surfaces, capable of radial expansion when these bushings 28 and 29 approach each other. The cuff 27 can be connected to the outer surface of the bushings 28, 29 by any known method (glue, by means of clamps, etc.). The cuff 27 is made in the form of an elastic sleeve capable of having a diameter equal to the diameter of the well at maximum radial expansion (see Figs. 3-6) and, in the initial unexpanded state, to have a diameter smaller than the diameter of the well for unhindered transportation along the well (see Fig. one). The force required for maximum radial expansion of the cuff 27 and determined based on the elastic properties of the material of the cuff 27 is less than the force required to move the rollers 10 along the cone 4. The upper sleeve 29 of the means 26 for protection against foreign inclusions is made based on the protrusion 19 of the housing 1. The possibility of axial movement of the upper stop 15 is limited by the end surface 17 of the stage of the housing 1.

Packer-anchor works as follows.

The process of installing the packer-anchor in the well consists of five stages.

1st stage - the descent of the packer-anchor into the well 24 (figure 1);

2nd stage - preparation of the packer-anchor to set the pressure of the pumped liquid (figure 3);

3rd stage - the withdrawal of the rollers in the working position (figure 4);

4th stage - preparation of the sealing element for the separation of the borehole space (figure 5);

5th stage - the separation of the borehole space (Fig.6).

1st stage. Pipes (not shown) connected by a thread 3 (Fig. 1) with an anchor packer are lowered into the well zone 24, where it is necessary to separate the annular space for processing the bottom-hole zone, hydraulic fracturing, or other works. During the descent of the packer-anchor under the action of a compressed spring 18 (abutting against the lower sleeve 28 of the tool 26 for protection against foreign inclusions, which in turn is elastically supported in the axial direction by a radially expandable cuff 27, which is in its original non-expandable state and rests on the upper the sleeve 29, which in turn rests on the protrusion 19), the upper movable support (upper stop) 15 is located on the housing 1 below the end surface 17 of the housing step. The sealing element 16 is located on the housing 1 and partially on the cone 4, and the lower movable support 12 with the rollers 10 is located on the rod 5. The cylinder 20 is located in the lower part of the rod 5 and on the piston 6, while the protrusion 22 (figure 3) of the cylinder 20 interacts with the protrusion 8 of the piston 6 (figure 1).

2nd stage. Pumping the fluid through the central channel 2 of the housing 1 and through the piston 6, having a narrowing 9, through the hole 25 creates a pressure differential between the piston cavity 23 and the bore 24. Under the action of the differential pressure, the cylinder 20 (figure 3) moves up the lower support 12 with the rollers 10 , the sealing element 16, the upper support 15, compressing the spring 18, while the radial movement of the rollers 10 is limited by their interaction with the cone 4 until tight with interference between the rollers 10 and the borehole wall 24 due to the difference in inner diameter 14 (Fig. 7) the aperture of the rollers 10 and the diameter of the axis 13. At the 2nd stage, the cuff 27 of the means for protection against foreign inclusions is in the maximum radially expanded state and remains in this state until the period of unpacking-unpacking, since the force required for the maximum radial expansion of the cuff 27 and determined on the basis of the elastic properties of the material of the cuff 27, less force is required to move the rollers 10 along the cone 4. Thus, in step 2, the compression of the spring 18 drives the lower sleeve 28, the bushings 28 and 29 bring together to each other, maximally expanding the cuff 27 in the radial direction. When the bushings 28 and 29 touch, the cuff 27 in the form of an elastic sleeve has a diameter equal to the diameter of the well. This condition of the cuff is maintained until the period of unpacking-reincarnation.

3rd stage. With further descent of the pipe string (not shown), the rollers 10 (FIG. 4) roll upward along the housing 1 relative to it and downward relative to the walls of the well 24. Since the speed of the pipe string (not shown) into the well 24 is greater than the speed of the rollers 10 s lower support 12, there is a further movement of the upper support 15, the sealing element 16 with simultaneous compression of the spring 18. The cuff 27 of the means 26 for protection against foreign inclusions is in the maximum radial expansion and has a diameter equal to the diameter of the well, and the bushings 28 and 29 are in contact with each other. At this stage, the movement of the cylinder 20 stops when the protrusion of the protrusion 21 (figure 3) in the protrusion 7 of the piston 6.

4th stage. Continuing to lower the pipe string (not shown), the lower support 12 (Fig. 5) is further moved with the rollers 10, upward relative to the housing 1, that is, all rows of rollers 10 are in close contact with the borehole wall 24 and the housing 1, and the upper support 15 ( figure 1) touches the end surface 17 of the stage of the housing 1, stopping further compression of the spring 18. The cuff 27 of the tool 26 for protection against foreign inclusions is in maximum radial expansion and has a diameter equal to the diameter of the well, and the bushings 28 and 29 are in contact with each other.

5th stage. At this stage, the installation of the packer-anchor is completed by further lowering the pipe string (not shown), which make the rollers 10 roll (6) along the body 1 and the wall of the well 24, compressing the lower element 12 with the sealing element 16, which, increasing in cross section , pressed against the wall of the well 24, separating the annular space. The cuff 27 of the tool 26 for protection against foreign inclusions is in the maximum radial expansion and has a diameter equal to the diameter of the well, and the bushings 28 and 29 are in contact with each other.

At the end of the work using the packer-anchor, it is necessary to pull up the pipe string (not shown), which will force the rollers 10 to roll along the body 1 and the wall of the well 24. Since the lifting speed of the pipe string (not shown) in the well is greater than the speed of the rollers 10 from the bottom The support 12 moves the lower support 12 and the alignment of the sealing element 16, while the upper support 15 and the compressed spring 18 move with the housing 1. Further lifting of the pipes (not shown) forces the rollers 10 to roll along the walls of the well 24, the housing 1, and then along the cone 4 (FIG. 2), while the lower support 12, the sealing element 16, the upper support 15 are moved and the spring 18 is opened. Rollers 10 roll along the walls of the well 24, body 1, and then along the cone 4 will continue until the rollers 10 due to radial movement due to rolling along the cone 4 and due to the difference in the diameter of the axis 13 and the inner diameter 14, the rollers 10 will no longer interact with the borehole wall 24. Subsequently, under the action of the compressed spring 18 (FIG. 1) there is a movement of the upper support 15, uplo tional member 16, the lower support 12 with the rollers 10 and the cylinder 20 in a state of readiness for raising or moving to another zone of the well where it is necessary to produce dissociation of the annular space for processing bottom zone, fracturing or other operations. In this case, the cuff 27 of the tool 26 for protection against foreign inclusions under the action of reducing the force on the spring 18 assumes its initial unexpanded state with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the well for unhindered transportation of the packer-armature, and the bushings 28 and 29 are maximally distant from each other.

The technical result is an increase in reliability and ease of use by using simple in design, technologically advanced to manufacture, small in number of parts. As well as a significant increase in the reliability of the device and the method of separation of space, facilitating maintenance due to protection against ingress of foreign impurities on the responsible moving elements of the packer-anchor, responsible for sealing and operation, for example, a sealing element, spring, stops.

Claims (2)

1. Packer-anchor for wells, comprising a housing, an anchor assembly, consisting of a hollow cone and dies placed under the sealing element, which is located between the upper movable stop and the lower stop, and a drive made in the form of a piston with a passage channel installed inside the cylinder with the possibility of limited longitudinal movement, moreover, the piston is equipped with a narrowing of the passage channel from below and a hollow rod at the top, which is rigidly and coaxially connected to the cone from above and coaxially fixed to the housing from above, the cylinder it is movable and mounted outside the piston, and the internal cavity between the cylinder and the piston is in communication with the rod cavity above the narrowing of the piston bore, the upper stop is made with limited upward movement, the lower stop is provided with radial windows and made movable with upward movement and interaction from below with a cylinder, and the dies are made in the form of rollers with longitudinal holes mounted in the windows of the lower stop on the axes, which are fixed in the windows perpendicular to the axis of the housing, with The smaller diameter of the longitudinal hole of the roller is larger than the outer diameter of the axis, and the outer surface of the roller interacts sequentially with the outer surfaces of the hollow rod, cone, body and wall of the well when moving the lower stop relative to the body, characterized in that the upper stop is spring loaded downward by means of a spiral spring supported by means for protecting against foreign inclusions on the lower sleeve, means for protecting against foreign inclusions contains spring-loaded means through said in the axial direction of the upper and lower movable bushings and a cuff fixed between these bushings on their outer surfaces, capable of radially expanding when said bushings approach each other, and the cuff is made in the form of an elastic sleeve capable of having a diameter equal to the diameter at maximum radial expansion wells, and in the initial unexpanded state, have a diameter smaller than the diameter of the well for unhindered transportation along the well, with the force required for maximum radial th extension cuff and determines based on the elastic properties of the sleeve material, less force required to move the roller cone, the top means of the sleeve for protection from foreign impurities is formed with a support on the projection body and the axially movable upper stop restricted end face stage housing. 2. The method of separation of the annular space of the well, including the descent of the packer-anchor into the well, preparation of the packer-anchor for installation by the pressure of the pumped liquid, putting the rollers in working position, preparing the sealing element to separate the borehole space, dividing the borehole space with the possibility of further unpacking-decantering, lifting from the well or moving to another zone of the well, characterized in that as a packer-anchor use the packer-anchor according to claim 1, and at the stage of preparation of the packer-yak convent to install a pumpable fluid pressure cuff means for protection against foreign substances stored in the maximum radially expanded state and remains in this state until the period raspakerovaniya-razyakorivaniya.

Images