RU2455440C1 - Method to increase reliability and safety of buildings - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: method to increase reliability and safety of buildings includes pressing of bearing walls of a building with steel ropes, besides, on top of the walls, preferably along the building contour, a preliminary survey is carried out as even along the length of walls for points of drilling in the geometric centre of each pier, then in the walls along their entire height there are vertical channels drilled with the diameter of 40-60 mm, further in basement walls or the building foundation there are niches and inclined holes arranged, then support plates are installed into niches with a welded pipe for fixation of lower ends of multistrand ropes with the diameter of 15-24 mm, at the same time plastic tubes are inserted into vertical channels, the external diameter of which complies with the diameter of the vertical channel, then multistrand ropes are brought bottom-up along the vertical channels in the building wall, their lower ends are fixed with the help of cylindrical journals with wedge-shaped grips and with the help of jacks installed on top of the walls, tension of the ropes is fixed to the rated value to ensure even central clamping of bearing walls, and ropes are fixed on top with the help of cylindrical journals with wedge-shaped grips, then a cement-sand insulating mix with a hardening moderator is supplied into each vertical channel bottom-up with the help of a pump until it appears in the upper hole of the vertical channel, and then the top of each hole is insulated with a protective monolithic reinforced concrete cushion.

EFFECT: higher reliability and safety, also seismic resistance for both erected and operated buildings.

4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to construction, and in particular to a method for improving reliability, primarily, earthquake resistance of buildings under construction and in operation with stone or concrete load-bearing walls.

A known method for the construction of earthquake-resistant buildings, including the compression of the supporting walls of the building with steel ropes (RU, patent No. 1331983, CL EN 9/02, 1985).

The disadvantages of this known method are the impossibility of its use in operating buildings, as well as the fact that the compression of the walls of the building with double-sided cables located in the grooves on the outside of the walls of the building is inefficient, susceptible to corrosion, short-lived and creates potential eccentricities that reduce the stability of the walls of the building.

The technical result, the achievement of which the present invention is directed, is to increase the reliability and safety, including the earthquake resistance of both constructed and operated buildings.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of increasing the reliability and safety of buildings, including the compression of the bearing walls of the building with steel ropes, according to the invention, a geodetic breakdown of the drilling points in the geometric center of each wall is made along the walls, mainly along the contour of the building, then vertical channels with a diameter of 40-60 mm are drilled in the walls to their full height, then niches and inclined holes are made in the walls of the basement or in the foundation of the building, then in and install supporting plates with a welded pipe to secure the lower ends of multi-strand ropes with a diameter of 15-24 mm, while plastic tubes are inserted into the vertical channels, the outer diameter of which corresponds to the diameter of the vertical channel, then the multi-strand ropes are planted from the bottom up along the vertical channels in the wall of the building, their lower ends with the help of cylindrical trunnions with wedge-shaped grips and with the help of jacks installed on the top of the walls, fix the tension of the ropes to the calculated value to ensure To ensure uniform central compression of the load-bearing walls and from above, the ropes are fixed using cylindrical trunnions with wedge-shaped grips, then through a slanted hole into each vertical channel, a cement-sand insulating mixture with a hardening retarder is fed from the pump upwards until it appears in the upper holes of the vertical channel, and then the top of each hole is insulated with a protective monolithic reinforced concrete pillow.

A way to increase the reliability and safety of buildings is illustrated by drawings, where:

- figure 1 shows a view of the reinforced building in plan;

- figure 2 shows a vertical section aa made along the amplification rope;

- figure 3 shows the node fixing the upper part of the multi-strand rope;

- figure 4 shows the site of fastening the lower part of the multi-strand rope.

A method of increasing the reliability and safety of buildings is as follows.

Along the top of the walls 1, mainly along the contour of the building, a preliminary geodetic breakdown of the drilling places in the geometric center of each wall is made pre-uniform along the length of the walls.

Then, vertical channels 2 with a diameter of 40-60 mm are drilled in the walls to their full height. Niches 3 are made in the walls of the basement or in the foundation of the building, in which support steel plates 4 with a welded pipe are installed, and also inclined holes 5 are made for supplying the solution to the vertical channels 2. Next, plastic pipes 6 are inserted into the vertical channels 2, the outer diameter of which corresponds to the diameter of the vertical channel 2. Then the multi-strand ropes 7 with a diameter of 15-24 mm are led through the tube of the support plate 4 from the bottom up to the vertical channels 2 in the wall of the building, their lower ends are fixed using special standards 8 cylindrical self-locking trunnions 8 with wedge-shaped grips. Using jacks (not shown) installed on the top of the walls 1 above each channel 2, the ropes 7 are pulled to the calculated value, which is fixed with a manometer, to ensure uniform central compression of the bearing walls 1. The ropes are fixed from above using the same pins 8.

The calculated cable tension is the same for one building, but it is selected individually according to calculation depending on many parameters (rope pitch, building height, calculated seismicity, etc.). Through the holes 5, a cement-sand insulating mixture with a hardening retarder is injected from bottom to top with the help of a pump into each vertical channel 2 until it appears in the upper hole of the vertical channel 2. Then the lower and upper ends of the ropes are closed and, if necessary, the damaged roof is restored .

When using the proposed method for improving the reliability and safety of buildings, the capital (including load-bearing) walls of the building, which have insufficient strength to absorb horizontal (including seismic) loads, are uniformly crimped by a system of vertically stretched ropes to a predetermined level calculation at which tensile stresses do not arise in the walls of the building or these stresses do not exceed permissible values, as a result of which the required reliability and safety are ensured Ania under the influence of the horizontal (mainly seismic) loads.

The central compression of the walls of the building with cables located in the channels drilled in the walls eliminates the occurrence of eccentricities that reduce the stability of the walls of the building, prevents corrosion of metal cables and loss of voltage, forms a system of vertical reinforced concrete reinforcement elements.

Thus, the proposed method ensures the safe operation of existing and under construction buildings, especially in seismic areas, allows you to maintain the required operational condition of the building, as well as carry out work without disrupting the normal operation of the building.

Claims (1)

A method of increasing the reliability and safety of buildings, including the compression of the supporting walls of the building with steel ropes, characterized in that along the top of the walls, mainly along the contour of the building, a preliminary geodetic breakdown of the drilling points is made in the geometric center of each wall, then in the walls along their entire length vertical channels with a diameter of 40-60 mm are drilled, then niches and inclined holes are made in the basement walls or in the foundation of the building, then support plates with a welded pipe for To fix the lower ends of multi-strand ropes with a diameter of 15-24 mm, plastic tubes are inserted into the vertical channels, the outer diameter of which corresponds to the diameter of the vertical channel, then the multi-strand ropes are wound from the bottom up along the vertical channels in the building wall, their lower ends are fixed using cylindrical trunnions with wedge-shaped grips and with the help of jacks installed on the top of the walls, the tension of the ropes is fixed to the calculated value to ensure uniform central compression of the bearing walls and Ropes are fixed on top using cylindrical trunnions with wedge-shaped grips, then through a slanted hole into each vertical channel, a cement-sand insulating mixture with hardening retarder is fed from bottom to top with a pump until it appears in the upper hole of the vertical channel, and then the top each hole is isolated with a protective monolithic reinforced concrete pillow.

Images