RU2454214C1 - Apparatus for prevention and treatment of neck flexion contractures - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, namely traumatology and combustiology and may be used for treatment and prevention of post-burn cicatricial deformations and neck flexion contractures. An apparatus comprises a head portion consisting of a cap and attached by a belt with a lumbar portion arranged in a occipital region. The head portion is made of a wide elastic tape ended with a woven clasp with its temporal region provided by lower jaw clamps made of an medium-width elastic tape ended with the woven clasp. The attaching belt represents two belts made of the medium-width elastic tape from both sides of the occipital region and coupled by a T-fastener which gives an origin of the wide elastic tape ended with the woven clasp to be attached to the lumbar portion. The lumbar portion represents the wide elastic tape ended on one end with the woven clasp to be attached to the head portion, on the other end - with the T-fastener wherefrom two elastic clamps made of the wide elastic tape extends from top to bottom and are ended with the woven clasp to be fixed on hips.

EFFECT: invention provides head fixation in maximally possible flexion with additional lower jaw fixation ensured by elasticity of the apparatus and generation of adequate traction, enables higher functional and cosmetic effect of treatment.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to traumatology and combustiology, and can be used in the treatment and prevention of post-burn cicatricial deformities and neck flexion contractures.

Burns of the neck, as a rule, are localized on the front and side surfaces, often combined with damage to the face, chest and shoulder joints. The total number of patients with thermal lesions of the neck is approximately 25%. The location of deep burns in the face and neck region significantly aggravates the prognosis; therefore, mortality in this group of patients is higher than in patients with equivalent burns of other parts of the body.

Difficulties in the treatment of neck burns are associated with the anatomical features of this area, characterized by friability of tissues that do not have a dense underlying frame. The patient's desire to bend his neck to alleviate pain in a burn wound contributes to the development of scars that pull the chin to the chest.

Deep neck burns were accompanied by frequent complications (burn contractures) before prophylactic splinting was put into practice.

Of great importance in the prevention of neck contractures is immobilization, which is achieved in the first days after a burn with maximum extension or extension of the jaw (Evans B. et al., 1970; Bunchman N. et al., 1975). The necessary position of the neck in the future can be provided with various kinds of tires, in exceptional cases - rigid fixation with metal knitting needles held through the lower jaw. According to the data of V.V. Yudenich and V.M. Grishkevich (1986), half of patients who received deep burns experience neck deformities and contractures requiring surgical treatment.

The severity of contracture and cicatricial changes depends on the vastness and depth of the burn, the choice of treatment method and the start of treatment, as well as the duration of neck immobilization.

Experience has shown that the use of plastic collars and splints for the neck in the treatment and prevention of flexion contractures has a number of consequences, including the appearance of maceration, ulceration from pressure, inflammation of the scar, pain, and also an aesthetic defect.

A known method of plastics for cicatricial contractures of the neck is that on the front surface of the neck between the tops of the lateral folds of the flap tissue, a flap with a proximal base is cut out and the top is sutured to the junction of the lateral folds in the form of a submandibular wound defect. spacers (patent RU 2007132, 1994).

The prototype of the invention is a device that holds the head in an upturned position, which consists of a bonnet and a belt at the waist, connected by a belt that is located on the rear surface of the body (Yudenich V.V., Grishkevich V.M. Guidelines for the rehabilitation of burnt women. - M .: Medicine, 1986.- 368 p.). The device allows you to change the degree of extension of the neck. The disadvantages of the prototype are the inability to qualitatively fix the belt at the waist, in the presence of traction, the belt rises to the chest and does not perform its functions. In addition, with a burn lesion of the neck and the use of a device to hold the head in an upturned position, the need to fix the lower jaw is not taken into account, since it is with its participation that severe cicatricial deformities develop when the chin grows to the sternum.

The objective of the invention is to develop a device for the prevention and treatment of flexion contractures and cicatricial deformities of the neck with satisfactory functional and cosmetic results.

The technical result is the fixation of the head in the most accessible extension with additional fixation of the lower jaw due to the elasticity of the device and the creation of adequate traction, increasing the functional and cosmetic result.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the device for the prevention and treatment of flexion neck contractures containing a head part consisting of a cap and connected by a belt located in the occipital region with the lumbar part, according to the invention, the head part is made of a wide elastic band ending with a fabric fastener , in the temporal region is equipped with fixators of the lower jaw made of an elastic tape of medium width ending with a fabric fastener, the connecting strap is made in the form a lanyard of belts made of elastic tape of medium width on both sides of the occipital region and connected by a fork fastening, from which a wide elastic tape comes off ending with a fabric fastener for connection with the lumbar part, and the lumbar part is made of a wide elastic tape ending at one end with a fabric fastener for connection with the head part, at the other end - with a fork-mount, from which two elastic retainers, made of a wide elastic tape ending in fabric fastening, extend downward hedgehog for fixation on the hips.

The invention is illustrated by the following figures: figure 1 shows a General view of a device for the prevention and treatment of flexion contractures of the neck, parts are presented separately; figure 2 is the same, in assembled form; figure 3 - device in use.

The proposed device for the prevention and treatment of flexion neck contractures is an elastic elastic device consisting of a head and lumbar parts. The head part consists of a cap (diadem) made of a wide elastic tape 1 ending with a fabric fastener (Velcro-type contact tape, “Velcro”) for fixing on the head and dosing the size extending from the tape on its lateral (temporal) region of the elastic clips 2 chin (lower jaw) made of medium-width elastic tape ending with a fabric fastener and on its occipital (back) area on the right and left two elastic belts 3 made of medium-width elastic tape to create uniform thrust, which are connected by a bifurcation fastener (swivel) 4, from which a wide elastic tape 5, ending with a fabric fastener for connection with the lumbar, leaves. The lumbar part is made of a wide elastic tape 6, ending at one end with a fabric fastener for connection with the head part, at the other end with a second fork-fastening 7, from which two elastic clips 8 made from a wide elastic tape ending with a fabric fastener for fixation on the hips and dosing size.

The proposed device for the prevention and treatment of flexion contractures of the neck is used as follows. A cap (diadem) is fixed on the scalp, two elastic fixators fix the lower jaw, after which two elastic fixators are fixed on the patient's hips so that they are located on the back surface towards the lumbar region, after which the head and lumbar parts are connected. In the presence of burn wounds on the neck after applying the dressings and fixing them, put on a device for the prevention and treatment of flexion contractures of the neck so that the head appears in the most accessible extension, which achieves a therapeutic and prophylactic effect in the treatment of burns in the neck. The device is used during the treatment of burn and granular wounds, the evolution and involution of scar tissue to prevent cicatricial flexion of the neck. During the convalescence of burn disease in the process of evolution of scar tissue, the proposed device can be used both for a long time and periodically during the day. Thus, a therapeutic and prophylactic effect is achieved in the treatment of the effects of neck burns and the prevention of cicatricial deformities and contractures.

The proposed device was used in the treatment of 3 patients with burns of the neck, trunk in the acute period and with conservative treatment during the rehabilitation period. There were no complications when using the device for the prevention and treatment of neck flexion contractures.

Thus, the device for the prevention and treatment of neck flexion contractures is easy to use, improves the traditional methods of treating neck burns, is necessary for the prevention and treatment of neck flexion contractures, it can be recommended for use in burns, traumatology and surgical departments when providing medical care for thermal neck injury.

Claims (1)

A device for the prevention and treatment of neck flexion contractures, containing a head part consisting of a cap and connected by a belt located in the occipital region with a lumbar part, characterized in that the head part is made of a wide elastic tape ending with a fabric fastener and is equipped with clamps in the temporal region lower jaw made of medium-width elastic tape ending with a fabric fastener, the connecting belt is made in the form of two belts of medium-width elastic tape with two st an oron on the occipital region, connected by a fork-mount, from which a wide elastic tape extends, ending with a fabric fastener for connection to the lumbar part, and the lumbar part is made of a wide elastic tape ending at one end with a fabric fastener for connection with the head part, at the other end - a fork-mount, from which two elastic retainers, made of a wide elastic band ending with a fabric fastener for fixing on the hips, extend downward.

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