RU2453863C1 - Device for radar determination of air objects - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: instrument making.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises a unit to process radiolocating information, a generator of Doppler portraits, classifiers of the first and second level, a calculator to calculate a route speed module, a threshold device, a generator of reference data, a unit to extract spectral components of rotary elements and a classifier of spectral components of rotary elements with appropriate links that are connected to each other in a certain manner.

EFFECT: higher probability of proper determination of such classes of air objects as a helicopter and a single-engine aeroplane.

Description

The invention relates to radar and can be used to recognize airborne objects (BO) in the "luminous" radar stations (radar) [1].

Known devices that solve the problem of recognition of objects by radar echo signals [2, 3]. These devices require significant time costs, which does not allow you to use them when working in real time.

The recognition device [4] cannot be used on radars that do not measure the height of HE, which greatly limits the scope of its application.

The closest in its technical essence and technical performance is the recognition device [5], used in the "luminal" radar and taken as a prototype. This device comprises a radar information processing unit, a Doppler portraits (DP) generator, first and second level classifiers, a track velocity module calculator, a threshold device and a reference data generator. The operation of the prototype device is based on the comparison of information on recognized VO with a priori information on VO classes. As such information, the envelope of the Doppler spectrum of the signal is used, from which the DP VO is formed, as well as the track velocity VO.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the low probability of correct recognition of the classes of VO "helicopter" and "light-engine aircraft" (0.72-0.8). The high likelihood of confusing these classes is due to the similarity of their track speeds, as well as the proximity of their shadow profiles and, as a consequence, Doppler portraits.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the likelihood of correct recognition of the classes of VO "helicopter" and "light-engine aircraft."

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known prototype device containing a radar information processing unit, a Doppler portrait shaper, first and second level classifiers, a track velocity module calculator, a threshold device and a reference data shaper, a block for selecting spectral components of rotating elements and a spectral classifier are introduced components of rotating elements with corresponding bonds.

In figures 1 and 2 presents structural diagrams of the prototype and the proposed device, respectively, with the following notation:

1 - processing unit of radar information (BO);

2 - shaper of Doppler portraits (FDP);

3 - first level classifier (CPU);

4 - classifier of the second level (HLC);

5 - module module route speed (VMTS);

6 - threshold device (PU);

7 - master data generator (FED);

8 - block selection of the spectral components of the rotating elements (BW SSVE);

9 - classifier of spectral components of rotating elements (KSVE).

The proposed device consists of a series-connected unit for processing radar information BO 1, a shaper of Doppler portraits of PDF 2, a first-level classifier and a second-level classifier KPU 3 and KVU 4, as well as a VMTS 5 route velocity module calculator, a PU 6 threshold device, a photodiode reference data generator 7, a unit for separating the spectral components of the rotating elements of the BV SSVE 8 and the classifier of the spectral components of the rotating elements of the KVSVE 9, and the second output of the BO 1 through VMTS 5 and PU 6 connected to the second input of the control unit 3, the third output of the BO 1 through BV SSVE 8 is connected to the first input of the KVSVE 9, the first output of the FED 7 is connected to the third input of the CPU 3, the three outputs of which are connected to the three inputs of the KVU 4, the second output of the FED 7 is connected to the second input KSSVE 9, the output of which is connected to the fourth input of the HLC 4, and the output of the HLC 4 is the output of the device.

The proposed device operates as follows.

When processing a signal received from a radar receiver, BO 1 measures the Doppler frequency and amplitude of the signal, VO azimuth, its coordinates and velocity components (V _x and V _y ), and also carries out signal processing (filtering interference and signals from other VO).

Based on the data obtained with BO 1 (Doppler frequency and signal amplitude), PDF 2 forms a Doppler portrait of the VO, in which the amplitude of the DP in a given frequency range is determined with a step of 1 Hz.

Information about DP VO arrives at the first input of the CPU 3. The second input of the CPU 3 receives information about the route speed VO, which is calculated in VMTS 5 based on the data on the speeds V _x and V _y obtained from the output of BO 1, according to the formula:

The threshold value V _T corresponding to different classes of VO is determined in PU 6 according to a given probability of false alarms using the Neumann – Pearson criterion [6].

The third input of the CPU 3 with FED 7 receives information about the reference DP. In KPU 3 there are 3 nonparametric classifiers, each of which, comparing the incoming information, uses its own recognition feature. As signs, the coefficient of cross-correlation between the DP VO and the reference DP, the geometric proximity between them and the average value of the normalized amplitude of the DP VO in a given frequency range are selected. Also, in KPU 3, the information obtained on VMTS 5 obtained at VMTS 5 is used, which eliminates the uncertainty of classification according to the track speed.

The processed radar signal from the third output of the BO 1 is fed to the input of the BV SSVE 8, where the spectral components arising due to the presence of rotating structural elements on the VW, the measurement of their frequencies and amplitudes and the formation of Doppler portraits of the SSVE (DP SSVE), in which in a given frequency step, the amplitude of the DP SSE is determined in a given frequency range. This information is fed to the first input of KSSVE 9.

KSSVE 9 carries out the classification of VO by comparing the DP KVSE with the reference information coming from the FED 7 to the second input of KSSVE 9. At that, only the VL classes “helicopter” and “light-engine aircraft” are reference.

The results obtained in KPU 3 are sent to KVU 4, where the majority corrector is used, using the voting algorithm, after which a decision is made on whether the VO belongs to a particular class. If a decision is made on whether the aircraft belongs to the “helicopter” or “light-engine aircraft” classes, the result obtained in KSSVE 9 is additionally taken into account.

As the experiment showed, the probability of correct recognition of the VO classes “helicopter” and “light-engine aircraft” in the proposed device was 0.81-0.88. The probability of correct recognition of the remaining classes of HE has not changed.

Thus, the introduction of a prototype BV SSVE 8 and KSSVE 9 with appropriate connections allowed us to take into account the modulation of the signals arising due to the presence of rotating elements on the VO, which leads to an increase in the likelihood of the correct recognition of VO classes “helicopter” and “light-engine aircraft”.

Information sources

1. Blyakhman A.B., Runova I.A. Radio engineering and electronics, 2001, v. 46, No. 4, p. 424.

2. Matyugin S. N., Odnosevtsev V. A. Recognition of radio telegraph signals of the KV range. Proceedings of the XX All-Russian Conference on the Propagation of Radio Waves. N. Novgorod, July 2-4, 2002, Talam Publishing House, N. Novgorod, 2002, p. 169.

3. Sablin V.N., Chapursky V.V., Sheiko A.P. Neural network recognition of spectral portraits of airborne objects when observed using the shadow inverse radar synthesis method of aperture. Radio engineering and electronics, 2004, volume 49, No. 2, p. 184-195.

4. Matyugin S.N., Blyakhman A.B. Radar recognition device for airborne objects. Patent No. 23234201 for application No. 2006115013 dated 05/02/2006.

5. Matyugin S. N., Blyakhman A.B. Radar recognition device for airborne objects. Patent No. 23234202 by application No. 2005134737 dated November 9, 2005.

6. Selection and recognition based on location information. Ed. prof. A.L. Gorelika, M.: Radio and Communications, 1990.

Claims (1)

A device for radar recognition of airborne objects (BO), consisting of a series-connected unit for processing radar information received from a radar receiver, a Doppler portraits (DP) of recognized BOs, a first level classifier and a second level classifier, as well as connected in series with the second the output of the radar processing unit of the calculator of the route velocity module, a threshold device, the output of which is connected to the second input of the first classifier a ram, and a reference data generator, the output of which is connected to the third input of the first level classifier, the three outputs of which, in accordance with the recognition criteria, are connected to three inputs of the second level classifier, the output of which is the output of the entire device, while the radar processing unit is designed to filter the signal from VO and measuring Doppler frequency, signal amplitude, azimuth and speed of recognized VO, the second level classifier is designed to correct the information received for most prizes of recognizable VOs and deciding whether VOs belong to a particular class, the reference data generator is designed to simulate VO signals and generate reference DPs and path velocities for each VO class, characterized in that the spectral extraction unit connected to the third output of the radar processing unit is introduced components of rotating elements (BW SSE), designed to isolate, measure the frequencies and amplitudes of the SSE and the formation of Doppler portraits of the SSE, and connected to the output of the BSS SSE and the second move the reference data generator classifier spectral components rotating elements (KSSVE) which performs classification VO comparing information from BV SSVE, the reference information coming from the reference data generator, the output KSSVE connected to fourth input of the second level classifier.

Images