RU2453412C2 - Method of hardening working surface of agricultural machinery ploughshare - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery industry and repair of machinery, namely to a method of hardening the working surface of ploughshare of agricultural machinery, operated under conditions of abrasive wear. On the most affected by wear working surface of the ploughshare a composite abrasive-resistant surface is created by electro-mechanical processing to form hardened areas of 3-4 mm in width and a depth of not less than 1.5-2 mm, the microhardness of 650…710 N_m increments of 20-30 mm at an angle to the cutting edge of the detail.

EFFECT: invention enables to increase wear resistance of the working surface of ploughshare by increasing the hardness of these sites.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering and machine repair, in particular to increasing the durability of the working bodies of agricultural machines operating in conditions of abrasive wear.

A known method of increasing the durability of the plowshares of plows of tillage machines, which consists in the formation of hemispherical sections by surfacing with hard alloys on the working surface of the part on the previously poured powder "Sormait" [1].

The closest technical solution, selected as a prototype, is a method of increasing the durability of plowshares of plows of tools for tillage, which consists in surfacing parallel reinforcing rollers with a low-carbon electrode with a certain distance between them and at a certain angle to the blade part of the part with the creation of a technological mode that provides quenching structures [2].

The method of surfacing of hemispherical sections with hard alloys is distinguished by technological complexity (the need for special forms for applying wear-resistant coatings and the Sormait preliminary coating), rather high cost of electrode material and increased traction resistance. The possibility of warping is not excluded.

The disadvantages of the prototype are the difficulty in technical implementation (compliance with thermal conditions), high requirements for the geometry of the deposited rollers (the geometry should be close to the hemisphere), increased traction resistance, especially on soils with high viscosity.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the durability of the plow share of the working body of tillage agricultural machines by conducting electromechanical hardening treatment by forming structures of increased hardness on the working surfaces of the parts most susceptible to wear due to the creation of a composite surface.

Hardened areas applied to the surface at a certain angle to the blade part of the part with a certain pitch and width, which are selected depending on the type of soil (particle size distribution), can increase the wear resistance of the plow share working surface due to the increased hardness of these areas.

The specified technical result of the invention is achieved by the fact that on the most susceptible wear surface of the plow share, a composite abrasion-resistant surface is created by electromechanical treatment with the formation of hardened sections 3-4 mm wide and at least 1.5-2 mm deep, microhardness N _m 650 ... 710 s 20-30 mm pitch at an angle to the blade part of the share.

The claimed method is carried out due to several factors. Run-in of the working surface is carried out with a roller tool, taking into account its curvature. Reinforcing sections (lines) should be applied in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the soil. The pitch of the reinforcing sections should be approximately 20-30 mm. The hardening effect from electromechanical processing should be at least 1.5-2 mm deep, depending on the thickness of the share metal and the type of soil.

A comparative analysis of the claimed solution with the prototype shows that the claimed method differs from the known one in that due to rolling (forming track lines) by the method of electromechanical hardening, the effect of a composite abrasion-resistant material with a periodically changing structure is achieved. Thus, the proposed method meets the criterion of "novelty."

Known technical solutions involve surfacing on the working surface of a part of a tillage tool of reinforcing elements: hemispherical sections with hard alloys or welding reinforcement with low-carbon electrodes, which is absent in the proposed method and allows us to conclude that it meets the criterion of "significant differences".

The drawing shows (as an example) a ploughshare with a composite abrasion-resistant surface in the areas of the most likely wear, where 1 is the contacting surface of the ploughshare; 2 - area of probable wear; 3 - hardened EMO sections; 4 - structure of high hardness; 5 - metal alloy of the working body; 6 - structure of the composite layer. The dashed line shows the characteristic wear zone.

The implementation of this method is illustrated by the example of a serial plow share.

Rolling wear-resistant areas of high hardness is carried out in areas most susceptible to wear (figure 1). Equipment and technological parameters of hardening: vertical milling machine 6Р12В, roller thickness 3 ... 4 mm, roller diameter 80 mm, current 1000-1200 A, force on the roller 660 N, speed 165 m / min, pitch between hardening sections 30-25 mm

Information sources

1. Ozhegov N.M., Kaposhko D.A., Budko S.I. Increasing the efficiency of hardening of parts of tillage machines by the method of hard metal arc surfacing / Resource-saving technologies for repair, restoration and hardening of machine parts, mechanisms, equipment, tools and technological equipment from the nano to macro level // Materials of the 11th International Scientific and Practical Conference. Part I - St. Petersburg: Publishing House of the Polytechnic University.

2. Pat. RU 2274526, B23K 9/04; B23P 6/00. The method of hardening plowshares of plows from medium-carbon and high-carbon steels [Text] / Mikhalchenkov A.M., Ganeev Yu.M., Budko SI, Kaposhko D.A .; applicant and patent holder Bryansk state. Agricultural Academy. - No. 2004105754/02; declared 02/25/04; publ. 04/20/06, Bull. Number 11

Claims (1)

The method of hardening the working surface of the plow share of agricultural machines, characterized in that on the most susceptible wear surface of the plow share, create a composite abrasion-resistant surface by electromechanical processing with the formation of hardened sections 3-4 mm wide and at least 1.5-2 mm deep, microhardness N _m 650 ... 710 with a pitch of 20-30 mm at an angle to the blade part of the share.