RU2451811C2 - Rotary internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: proposed engine comprises rotor, vanes, at least, two housings, seals and two sections: hot and cold. Rotors of said sections are rigidly fitted on common shaft. Hot section rotor is longer than that in cold section. Cold section vane operating area and chamber volume are larger than those in hot sections. Engine comprises cold section inlet, cold section outlet, got section inlet and hot section outlet. Hot and cold section chambers are communicated via two tubes, one extending through cooling chamber and another one extending through heating chamber. Both said tubes cross regeneration chamber. Valve is arranged on line extending from regeneration chamber to cold section. Vane parts are located on opposite sides of rotational axis. Every vane is completely extended and fixed relative to rotating rotor, at the moment when distance between opposite walls equals vane length.

EFFECT: higher efficiency.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering and, in particular, to engine building. Known rotary external combustion engine patent [RF No. 2208176]. In this engine, all processes occur in one section, divided by plates into parts. As a result, the cold gas in the part "b" is heated from the neighboring parts, through the common dividing plates and the engine casing. Which reduces the efficiency of the engine. Known RF patent No. 2258824. In this engine, hot and cold chambers are also located in one housing. They are separated by a stator. Therefore, hot gas will be cooled, and cold gas will be heated through the common walls of the housing and the rotor. Which will also reduce engine efficiency.

The description of the rotary external combustion engine in the journal "Science and Life" No. 3 for 2007 is known. This engine is taken as a prototype.

The main idea of this solution is that two working cylinders of different lengths with eccentric rotors and spring-loaded dividing plates are installed on a common shaft. The injection cavity (conditionally - compression) of the small cylinder is connected to the expansion cavity of the large cylinder through grooves in the separation plates, the pipeline, the heat exchanger-regenerator and heater, and the expansion cavity of the small cylinder is connected to the injection cavity of the large cylinder through the regenerator and the refrigerator.

The engine operates as follows. At each moment of time, a certain volume of gas enters from the small cylinder into the high pressure branch. To fill the injection cavity of the large cylinder and still maintain pressure, the gas is heated in the regenerator and heater; its volume increases, and the pressure remains constant. The same, but "with the opposite sign" occurs in the low pressure branch. Due to the difference in the surface areas of the rotors, the resulting force F = Δp (S ₆ -S _m ) arises, where Δр is the pressure difference in the branches of high and low pressure; S ₆ - the working area of the large rotor; S _m - the working area of the small rotor. This force rotates the shaft with rotors, and the working fluid is continuously circulating, sequentially passing through the entire system. The effective engine displacement is equal to the difference in volumes between the two cylinders.

This engine does not have a valve in the high-pressure branch, which does not allow increasing the pressure of cold gas before it is supplied to the regenerator and heater. Also, the lack of a valve allows part of the hot gas to flow back into the short rotor section. All this reduces the efficiency of the engine.

The aim of the claimed solution is to eliminate these shortcomings by using a different design of the blades and the engine.

The technical result is to improve the organization of the engine lubrication process, eliminating the ingress of burnt gases into the working mixture, increasing efficiency.

The specified goal and result are achieved due to the fact that the rotary external combustion engine, consisting of a rotor, blades, at least two bodies, an inlet, an inlet window of a combustion chamber, an inlet valve, a combustion chamber, a spark plug, an exhaust valve, an exhaust window, an exhaust holes, sealing elements, characterized in that it consists of two sections: hot and cold, the rotors of which are rigidly fixed to one shaft, and the rotor of the hot section is longer than the rotor of the cold section, and the working area of the blade and volume eat more cavities in the hot section; the cavities of the hot and cold sections are interconnected by two pipes, one of which passes through the cooling cavity, the other through the heating cavity, and both intersect the regeneration cavity, on the way from which the valve is installed to the cold section.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 shows the design of the engine, where 1 is the rotor, 2 is the blade, 3 is the casing, 4 is the partition between the working and control cavities, 5 is the control cavity, 6 is the working cavity, 7 is the seal on the blade.

Figure 2, 3, 4, 5 - the principle of the engine, where 8 is the refrigerator, 9 is the regenerator, 10 is the heater, 11 is the valve, 12 is the input window of the cold section, 13 is the output window of the cold section, 14 is the input window hot section, 15 - the exit window of the hot section, 16 - the blade in the hot section, 17 - the blade in the cold section.

The external combustion engine consists of two sections - hot (B) and cold (A). Their rotors are rigidly fixed on one shaft. For a more convenient demonstration of the principle of engine operation, the sections are shown separately in the drawings. The rotor of the hot section is longer than the rotor of the cold section. Therefore, the working area of the blade (16) and the volume of the cavity are larger at the hot section. The cavities of the hot (B) and cold (A) sections are interconnected, as shown in Figure 2. Since the processes in the cavities are similar, only a pair of cavities is shown in the drawing. When the gas moves, it passes through a regenerator (9), a heater (10), a refrigerator (8), and a valve (11).

The engine operates as follows.

The blade (17) is located in front of the inlet (12). Valve (11) is closed. Gas from the hot section, passing through the regenerator (9) and the refrigerator (8) into the cold section, is cooled and reduced in volume. The pressure in the hot section decreases. The blade (16) did not reach the input window (14) (position of Figure 3). With further rotation, the blade (17) compresses the gas in the cold section. And at the same time it draws in chilled gas from the hot section. When a certain pressure is reached, the valve (11) opens. At this time, the blade (16) in the hot section passes the inlet (14). Passing through the regenerator (9) and the heater (10), the gas heats up, increases its volume and presses on the blade (16), doing the work. At the same time, the blade (16) begins to displace the hot gas from the previous cycle. This gas, passing through the regenerator (9), gives off heat to the gas, which at this time goes from the cold to the hot section. Then it is additionally cooled in the refrigerator (8), reducing its volume, and enters the cold section (position of Figure 4). With further rotation, the blade (17) displaces all gas from the cold section, which, expanding, performs work in the hot section. When the blade (17) reaches the cold section of the outlet (13), the valve (11) closes. Gas from the cold section does not enter the hot section. But the gas, heating up and expanding in the hot section, continues to put pressure on the blade, performing work (position of Figure 5). After the blade (16) passes through the outlet of the hot section (15), the hot gas begins to flow through the regenerator (9) and the refrigerator (8) into the cold section. When cooling, it reduces its volume. The pressure in the hot cavity begins to decline. Valve (11) is closed. During the time until the second end of the blade (17) reaches the inlet of the cold section (12), the pressure in the hot and cold sections will equal (position 6). When the second end of the blade (17) reaches the inlet (12) of the cold section, the process is repeated. The processes in other pairs of cavities are similar. Therefore, in one revolution of the shaft there will be six duty cycles. Moreover, at any time, at least in one cavity, the working cycle will always occur.

The number of cavities in a section may be different, but always odd. The principle of operation of the scapula is as follows. At a certain point, the distance between the opposite walls is equal to the length of the scapula. The blade is fully extended and stationary relative to the rotor during rotation. When the rotor rotates, the blade interacts with the body in the control cavity (5). In this case, the blade moves relative to the rotor (1) in the radial direction.

With further rotation, the blade under the influence of the body wall begins to move into the rotor, since a cavity begins on the opposite wall. When the blade completely slides into the rotor, it is stationary relative to it. So cyclically moving relative to the rotor, the blade creates areas of variable volume in the cavities. Since the parts of the blade are located on opposite sides of the axis of rotation, the centrifugal force of only the part of the blade protruding from the rotor will act on the blade.

Blades can also be more than one. Hot gases will expand in a larger volume, so the temperature and pressure of the exhaust gases before entering the atmosphere will be less, which will increase the efficiency.

The burnt gases will not enter the working mixture, since the compression and combustion cavities are separated.

Claims (1)

A rotary external combustion engine, consisting of a rotor, blades, at least two housings, sealing elements, consisting of two sections: hot and cold, the rotors of which are rigidly fixed to one shaft, and the rotor of the hot section is longer than the rotor of the cold section, and the working area scapulae and cavity volume are larger in the hot section; contains an entrance window of a cold section, an exit window of a cold section, an entrance window of a hot section, an exit window of a hot section; the cavities of the hot and cold sections are interconnected by two pipes, one of which passes through the cooling cavity, the other through the heating cavity, and both intersect the regeneration cavity, on the way from which to the cold section a valve is installed, characterized in that the parts of the blade are different side of the axis of rotation, and each blade is fully extended and stationary relative to the rotor during rotation at a time when the distance between the opposite walls is equal to the length of the blade.

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