RU2451116C1 - Electrolytic cell - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: electrolytic cell comprises an anode, a cathode fixed in the anode cavity by dielectric perforated inserts, a nozzle-diffuser of permanently circulating supply and spraying of electrolyte by a pump from a tank into the anode cavity, the bottom part of which with an overflow tube with a check valve is communicated with the tank, and a gas discharge nozzle equipped with a drop separator and eliminator. The nozzle-diffuser of permanently circulating supply and spraying of electrolyte with the pump from the tank into the anode cavity is made in the form of an ejector as capable of suction with it and supply into the anode cavity, in the mixture with the sprayed electrolyte and the atmospheric air cleaned from dust with a filter and controlled with a dosing device. At the same time the permanently circulating supply of electrolyte with the pump from the tank to the ejector is arranged as controlled with the dosing device.

EFFECT: improved explosion accuracy.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the technology of electrochemical production, in particular to the designs of electrolyzers.

A known cell containing a cylindrical anode housing, a sealed hollow cathode, dielectric gaskets from the ends is fixed in the cavity of the anode housing, between which cylindrical bipolar electrodes and nozzles for introducing electrolyte and gas outlet are also concentrically mounted.

/ RF patent No. 2034934, С25В 9/00, 05/10/1995, / [1].

A disadvantage of the known electrolyzer is its low efficiency in operation due to the high resistance to current flow through the electrolyte, due to the increased gas filling of the electrolyte, and the high risk of explosive gas explosion in the anode casing.

Closest to the proposed invention is an electrolyzer. comprising an anode casing, a cathode fixed in the cavity of the anode casing with dielectric perforated inserts, a diffuser nozzle for continuously circulating supply and pumping an aqueous solution of electrolyte from the tank into the cavity of the anode casing, the bottom of the casing anode cavity with an overflow pipe with a check valve in communication with a tank, and a pipe for gas outlet, equipped with a droplet separator and a cutoff / RF Patent No. 2400566, С25В 9/00, 08/27/2009 / [2].

A disadvantage of the known electrolyzer is the high explosiveness of the gas mixture generated in the electrolyzer.

The technical problem solved by the invention. consists in increasing the explosion safety of the gas mixture during its production in the electrolyzer and during its further use.

The problem is solved in that in an electrolyzer containing an anode casing, a cathode fixed in the cavity of the anode casing with dielectric perforated inserts, a diffuser nozzle of a continuously circulating feed and spraying of an aqueous solution of electrolyte from the tank into the anode cavity, the bottom of the housing cavity anode with an overflow pipe with a non-return valve in communication with the tank, and a pipe for withdrawing gas from the cavity of the anode casing, equipped with a droplet separator, for example a nozzle made of ceramic rings and a shut-off / hydros creates /. A diffuser pipe for constantly circulating supply and spraying of an electrolyte pump from an electrolyte tank into the cavity of the anode body is made in the form of an ejector, with the possibility of suctioning it and feeding it into the cavity of the anode body, mixed with electrolyte sprayed in the ejector and cleaned of dust from the filter, and controlled by a metering device, such as an air damper. In this case, the constantly circulating supply of electrolyte from the tank to the ejector is also made by an adjustable metering device, for example, a crane.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing.

The electrolyzer contains an anode housing 1, a cathode 2 fixed in the cavity of the anode housing with perforated dielectric inserts 3, an ejector 4 for continuously circulating supply and atomization of a mixture of an aqueous electrolyte solution with a pump 5 from an electrolyte tank 6 and suctioned by an ejector, cleaned of dust from the filter 7, and regulated by a metering device 8, for example, an air damper, atmospheric air into the cavity of the anode body. In this case, the supply of electrolyte by the pump from the tank to the ejector is made by an adjustable metering device 9, for example, a crane. The bottom of the cavity of the anode body by overflow tube 10 with a check valve 11 in communication with the electrolyte tank. A pipe 12 for gas outlet, equipped with a droplet separator 13, for example a nozzle of ceramic rings and a cut-off 14 (water seal).

The cell operates as follows.

To start the electrolyzer into operation, the tank 6 is charged with an electrolyte, for example, an aqueous solution of caustic potassium, and a constant electric current, regulated, for example, by the control unit, is supplied to its electrodes — anode 1, cathode 2 —. Then, a pump 5 is turned on, which takes an aqueous solution of electrolyte from the electrolyte tank 6 and, under the control of a metering device 9, for example, a crane, and in a constantly circulating mode supplies it to the ejector 4. In the ejector 4, the energy of the working medium (electrolyte) moving with a large speed, transmitted to the sucked-in medium (atmospheric air). Due to this, the air purified from dust in the filter 7 and regulated by a metering device 8, for example, an air damper, is sucked in by the ejector 4 in the required volume. During the ejection process, the working medium — the electrolyte and the aspirated atmospheric air — are finest atomized, mixed together and in the form of fog the electrolyte mixture enters the working cavity of the electrolyzer to the electrodes — anode 1 and cathode 2. Here, due to the flow of current through the atomized electrolyte, there is an intensive decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen. The resulting mixture of gases, due to the presence of air and water vapor in it, becomes absolutely explosion-proof both during its production in the electrolyzer and during its further use.

Then the mixture of gases - hydrogen, oxygen, air and water vapor, passes through the perforated dielectric insert 3, is cleaned of electrolyte droplets in the droplet separator 13 and through the pipe 12 of the gas outlet with the cutoff 14 is supplied to the consumer. The electrolyte condensed in the bottom of the cavity of the anode 1 through a perforated insert 3 and through an overflow tube 10 with a check valve 11 is gravity drained into the electrolyte tank 6 and reused.

The proposed device of the electrolyzer gives absolute explosion safety and upon receipt of a mixture of gases in the electrolyzer, and with further use of gas by the consumer.

It will be widely used in various industries.

Claims (1)

An electrolyzer containing an anode casing, a cathode fixed in the cavity of the anode casing with dielectric perforated inserts, a diffuser nozzle for continuously circulating supply and spraying of an electrolyte pump from the tank into the cavity of the anode casing, the bottom of the anode casing cavity, an overflow pipe with a check valve communicated with a tank, and a pipe for gas outlet, equipped with a droplet separator and a shut-off device, characterized in that the pipe-diffuser is constantly circulating supply and spraying the electrolyte pump from the tank into the cavity of the body - the node is configured as an ejector, with induction, and feeding them into the cavity, the anode body in the spray mixture with an electrolyte, the purified filter dust and regulated air metering device, while constantly circulating electrolyte feed pump from the tank to the ejector is adjustable dosing device.

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