RU2445137C2 - Thermal device for disease-producing microbe and virus control - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: thermal device for disease-producing microbe and virus control comprises two coupled cylinders with pistons and piston-rods therein which are actuated by an electric motor supplied by accumulators of intensity 12 V by crank shaft rotation with inflow of the air with disease-producing microbes and viruses into the cylinders. In the cylinders, at first adiabatic air compression is performed with pressure increase to 10 kg/cm² and temperature increase to +120°C - +140°C to kill disease-producing microbes and viruses. They are killed at the very beginning of the reverse movement of the pistons when temperature decreases from +140°C to +100°C in adiabatic air expansion to atmospheric pressure and initial temperature. Further air purified from microbes and viruses are pulled into a corrugated tube with the reverse movement of the pistons, and therefrom - into the respiratory mask by air purified from microbes and viruses.

EFFECT: provided power saving.

1 dwg

Description

1. What kind of technology the invention relates

To medical devices and devices for combating pathogens and viruses.

2. The level of technology

To date, some microbes and viruses that cause human illnesses are sources of a number of epidemics in most countries of the world, as they are transmitted by airborne droplets from a sick person to an un sick person. These include influenza, of which there are several varieties, which causes difficulties in its recognition, and if so, it is difficult to develop a vaccine to prevent the disease. Being among patients with influenza, a healthy person has no guarantee not to become infected with it. During the years of World War I, a flu called "Spaniard" raged, which led to deaths of millions of people in most countries of the world, not excluding the Russian Empire. Currently, swine flu has appeared with a new mutation of the virus, which makes it difficult to develop a vaccine against it. And he marches in many countries of America, Europe, Russia and other countries.

All microbes and viruses, as you know, die under the influence of high temperatures, for example, by boiling water and liquid food products, as well as during heat treatment of all other types of products. Human, swine, bird and deadly flu viruses are transmitted from person to person by airborne droplets when breathing and when sanitary standards are not followed, which makes it difficult to save a person from infection, as well as difficulties with insufficient serum and other medications to prevent the disease and its treatment . To protect people from such diseases, the author proposes a thermal device, the essence of which is given below.

3. Disclosure of invention

Due to the fact that pathogenic microbes and influenza viruses are transmitted most often by airborne droplets, therefore vaccination and cotton-gauze dressings are used to exclude infection by people. The latter do not exclude influenza infection. Vaccination of the population in the event of an epidemic or a variety of diseases from pathogenic microbes and flu, the fight against them becomes insufficiently effective. Therefore, it is necessary to have other radical means of protecting people from pathogenic microbes and influenza viruses. To do this, on the way air enters the respiratory organs of a healthy person, it is necessary to have a thermal device for cleaning the air exhaled by a sick person when they are close to others, or when people are in rooms where the air is infected with pathogenic microbes or influenza viruses.

Pathogenic microbes and influenza viruses die when exposed to high temperatures of + 100 ° C and above. Therefore, the author offers an individual thermal device in which a high temperature is created, from + 120 ° C to + 140 ° C, in which pathogenic microbes and influenza viruses die, and the air becomes safe for breathing.

For such air purification from pathogenic microbes and viruses, the proposed thermal device will have the following distinctive features:

- the thermal device consists of two docked cylinders 23, a crankshaft 24 and pistons 26 located inside the cylinders, where the air is sucked in through the valve 27, compressed by the pistons 26 in them to a pressure of 10 kg / cm ² , when compressed, its temperature rises to + 120 ° C - + 140 ° С, at which microbes and viruses of a protein nature die. Then, this compressed air when the pistons move in the opposite direction is discharged to atmospheric pressure (1 kg / cm ² ), and its temperature from + 120 ° С- + 140 ° С decreases to atmospheric level, i.e. what happened when sucking. Then, with these parameters, air is squeezed out into the intermediate system through valves 20 on the way to the person’s respiratory organs, and from it through the corrugated hose 4 it enters into a special airtight mask 2 with a respirator, and from it into the person’s respiratory organs. The special mask has an exhalation valve 7 with the release of air from the respiratory system into the atmosphere;

- such a thermal device has a crankshaft 24 for driving the pistons 26 in both cylinders 23. The crankshaft 24 is located inside the cylinders and is attached at both ends to the hoop 29, it is driven by the electric motor 32 due to the energy of the batteries 34.

The device must supply the air cleaned from germs and viruses as much as is needed in the range of small and large needs for breathing, which is regulated by the electric motor 32 revolutions. For efficiency, the thermal device is switched on only when it comes in contact with a sick person or where there are crowds: in shops, offices, vehicles, in hospitals with infectious patients;

- the main distinguishing feature of the thermal device is that it consists of two docked cylinders 23 with a crankshaft 24 and pistons 26 inside, where air is compressed and discharged before it is cleaned of germs and viruses by increasing the temperature. Has a battery 34 voltage of 12 V for rotation of the electric motor 32.

This tool should be used by medical staff in hospitals when caring for patients with influenza or other infectious diseases transmitted by airborne droplets in contact with a sick person. It will be widely used by sellers and workers of all kinds of institutions, schools and universities.

4. Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 consists of the following parts:

- upper part: human face 1, mask 2, designed to close the respiratory system from the external environment, the intake of breathing air passed through a device made in the form of a respirator with a sealed surface on top. Inlet 3 for inhaling air passing through valve 9 and exhaling air through valves 7. Both valves have thin springs 5 and 8 to hold them closed, and when inhaling and exhaling are stretched. The first valve opens, the second two close when inhaled, and, conversely, when you exhale, the first closes, the second open. The corrugated tube 4 serves for the intake of neutralized air from the cylinders 23 into the mask, the end of the corrugated tube 6 - for accommodating the inhaled valve 9 with a holding spring 5. The union nut 12 - for fastening the corrugated tube 4, the crown 11 for screwing the union nut 12 on it, the camera 10 intake of neutralized air from the cylinders 23. Washer 13 at the upper end of the crankshaft 24. Tubes 14 for supplying air from the cylinders 23 to the chamber 10; gears 15 for rotation of gears 16 and rotation of washers 17, by means of which valves 20 are opened to squeeze neutralized air into tubes 14, and from them into chamber 10. Springs 21 - to hold valve 20 in a closed position, shoulder 22 - to hold spring 21 in a compressed position on the rods 19 to open the valve 20 under the action of the washer 17, the crankshaft 24 for driving the pistons 26 by means of the connecting rods 25. Pistons 26 for sucking in air, compressing it, expanding it and pushing it into the respiratory system, making four cycles. An air suction valve 27 into the cylinder 23. A spring 28 holding the valve 27 in the closed position. A hoop 29 for screwing cylinders 23 into it, fastening the crankshaft 30 to the hoop 29, fastening the electric motor 31 at the end of the crankshaft 24. Electric motor 32, terminals 33 for connecting wires from the batteries 34, batteries (four of them) 34 for rotating the electric motor 32. Belts 35 for mounting the device on the human body. Battery Terminals 37.

To increase the temperature during compression of the air in the cylinders, it is necessary to have in stock disk pads with a diameter slightly smaller than the diameter of the pistons and fix them over the piston with screws. These gaskets will increase the degree of air compression when the piston moves in compression, and also increase the temperature of the compressed air, which must be brought to the level of killing all viruses and microbes, and to lower the temperature during compression, remove the gaskets.

5. The implementation of the invention

Thermal management to combat pathogens and viruses consists of the following parts (see figure 1):

- masks 2 with a corrugated tube 4, which supplies air for breathing, which has been cleaned of germs in cylinders with pistons at high pressure and temperature + 120 ° С- + 140 ° С. Air is supplied after cleaning for breathing at atmospheric pressure and its temperature before entering the thermal device;

- a battery 34 with an electric motor 32 that rotates the crankshaft 24 located in the center of the twin cylinders 23 with pistons 26;

- two joined cylinders 23 with a crankshaft 24 located inside them, in the center, carrying out movement of the pistons 26 (two of them) with the help of connecting rods 25, as a result of which air is sucked into the cylinders 23, adiabatic compression, and when they are reversed in adiabatic expansion of compressed air occurs bottom dead center. When the pistons move to the top dead center for the second time, they are pushed through valve 20 into corrugated tube 4, and from it into mask 2 for breathing.

The dynamics of the thermal device from the position of the piston group indicated in the drawing

1. The movement of the pistons in the cylinders is determined by the size of the crankshaft. In this case, it is 4.8 cm, i.e. when it moves, the working volume of the cylinder is 96 cm ³ . The pistons in the cylinders pass a distance of 4.3 cm each from the total working length of 5.5 cm when sucked in and filled with a new portion of air equal to 96 cm ³ .

2. From the position of the pistons in the drawing, we can conclude: the left piston squeezed air into the system through valve 20, equal to 96 cm ³ and only 14 cm ³ remained unpressed in the idle volume. In the right cylinder, air is sucked into a full working volume of 96 cm ³ .

3. The suction valves 27 in both cylinders are closed, i.e. held by springs 28.

4. We make the inclusion of thermal devices in the work by connecting the terminals 33 with the electric motor 32 of the right rotation. The electric motor rotates the crankshaft 24. Both pistons, left and right, also move to the right in the cylinders. The valve 27 in the left cylinder opens, the spring 28 is stretched by reducing the pressure in this cylinder. Valve 20 is closed, air is sucked into the left cylinder. Moving to the right, the piston in the right cylinder closes the suction valve 27 by increasing the pressure in the cylinder, and the valve 20 in this cylinder is also closed at the same time, and air is compressed, reducing its volume from 110 cm ³ to 14 cm ³ , t .e. 7.7 times. In this case, an increase in pressure up to 10 kg / cm ² and more occurs, since the air is compressed adiabatically, i.e. without communication with the external environment.

In the left cylinder, there was a complete filling with air in a volume of 110 cm ³ , and valve 27 closes, and again 96 cm ^{3 is} sucked.

5. With further rotation of the crankshaft in the right cylinder, air is discharged and the temperature and pressure are reduced to equal in the atmosphere. In the left cylinder, valve 27 is closed, valve 20 is also closed, adiabatic compression occurs to a pressure of 10 kg / cm ² or more with increasing temperature to + 140 ° C, at which microbes and viruses die.

6. With further rotation of the crankshaft, the discharged air from the right cylinder at a pressure of 1 kg / cm ^{2 is} pushed through the valve 20, which will be opened by a spring 22 and a washer 17 and a rod 19 into the tubes 14 and further under the mask 2 for breathing. Adiabatic expansion of air occurs in the left cylinder with closed valves 27 and 20. Pressure and temperature drop to atmospheric. Then, with the reverse movement, the valve 20 opens with a spring 21, a washer 17, a rod 19, and air flows into the tubes 14 and then under the mask 2 for breathing.

7. Washers 17 are driven by gears 15 and 16 from the gear located on the upper end of the crankshaft.

8. If at high speeds of the thermal device all microbes and viruses do not have time to die, then it is necessary to increase the cylinder diameter from 5 cm to 7.2 cm. Then the speed will be halved. Then you need to install a high-speed electric motor with gearbox, and the operation will be smooth and reliable.

Proposals for the implementation of the invention

The proposed thermal device for air purification from germs and influenza viruses will be the most economical, because the energy spent on compression is as much as it gets when the air expands, plus the energy spent on overcoming friction when the pistons move in the cylinders due to the electric power from the battery 34 to rotate the electric motor 32.

Turnovers of the thermal device will also depend on the actions of a person: being in a state of rest, movement, or work is proportional to the expenditure of energy, and therefore air is required for breathing from 9 to 58 liters per minute. To obtain such an amount of purified air will require from 90 to 580 revolutions per minute to provide the body's oxygen requirements. For 1 revolution, the thermal device delivers 100 ml of air to the respiratory system. In order for viruses of all varieties to die, including the viruses of swine, bird and deadly flu, you must have a temperature of the order of + 120 ° С- + 140 ° С. In the proposed thermal device, the temperature during air compression reaches + 120 ° С- + 140 ° С, from which microbes and viruses must die in tenths of a second, which must be checked on the first thermal device manufactured, i.e. determine the optimal piston speed for summer and winter. Viruses and microbes, cleaned in a thermal device, must be examined under a microscope for whether they are living or dead, and make the necessary changes to the device.

Cylinders, crankshaft, pistons must be made of duralumin, steel, cast iron rings. Pistons in the cylinders must be lubricated with engine oil. To do this, unscrew the suction valves 27, dip the feather from the bird into the engine oil and grease their walls inside the cylinders through the opening of the suction valve. Or make holes in the walls of the cylinders and bury oil in them. In the holes have threads and cover them with screws.

To breathe air from the device, according to the author, it is enough to use respirators designed to trap dust in them (on them), but in this case, a protective cover impermeable to air from the atmosphere must be attached on its outside at a distance of 5 mm from the outside of the respirator, under which should only receive air from the thermal device through the corrugated tube 4, equipped with valves 7, 9.

In addition to viruses, there are many other pathogenic microbes that are transmitted by airborne droplets from sick people to healthy people when they come into contact, which can lead to infection in healthy people. This thermal device, according to the author, should destroy all pathogenic microbes and exclude the transmission of the disease from sick people to healthy ones.

To exclude epidemics of influenza and other diseases, if the proposed thermal device is effective, then it is necessary to produce a sufficient number of them and store them in the warehouses of the regions, and in case of an outbreak of the disease (epidemic), immediately provide the population susceptible to possible infection, introduce quarantine for residents where the outbreak occurred diseases of an epidemic disease.

Estimated calculation of the speed of the thermal device

An adult at rest makes 16-18 respiratory cycles (inhale exhale). With each breath, 500 ml of air, called respiratory air, enters the lungs. It can also include up to 1500 ml of air (optional) and another 1500 ml - reserve. All three make up lung capacity. And still remains in the lungs of 1500 ml of reserve air.

Minute volume, or ventilation, 8-9 liters. During physical work, it can reach 60-80 liters per minute. With age, the volume of ventilation decreases. With an increase in body temperature, the respiratory rate increases and in some diseases reaches 20-40 breaths per minute, while the depth of breathing decreases.

Kind of activity Calories per hour per 1 kg of weight Air requirement (liter) RPM Sleep 0.93 9 × 0.93 = 8.1 8 l.: 0,1 = 80 Calm lying without sleep 1.10 9 × 1.10 = 9.9 9.9 l.: 0.1 = 99 Sitting alone 1.43 9 ×, 43 = 12.9 12.9 l.: 0,1 = 129 Dressing, undressing 1,69 9 × 1.69 = 15.3 15.3 liters: 0.1 = 153 Walking 2.86 9 × 2.86 = 25.7 25.7 l.: 0,1 = 257 Walking at a speed of 6 km / h 4.28 9 × 4.28 = 38.7 38.7 l.: 0.1 = 387 Easy work in production 2.43 9 × 2.43 = 21.5 21.5 l.: 0.1 = 215 Average production work 4.14 9 × 4.14 = 37.3 37.3 liters: 0.1 = 373 Hard work 6.43 9 × 6.43 = 58.0 58.0 l.: 0.1 = 580 Note: When determining the number of revolutions of a device, it is considered that it pumps 100 ml per revolution.

Claims (1)

A thermal device for combating pathogens and viruses, consisting of two docked cylinders with pistons and connecting rods in them, which are driven by an electric motor from 12 V batteries by rotating the crankshaft to suck in air with pathogens and viruses into the cylinders, where it first occurs its adiabatic compression with an increase in its pressure to 10 kg / cm ² and an increase in temperature to 120-140 ° C, under the influence of which pathogenic microbes and viruses die, they die at the very beginning piston movement in the opposite direction, when the temperature drops from 140 ° C to 100 ° C with adiabatic expansion of air to atmospheric pressure and the initial temperature, and then cleaned from microbes and viruses, when the pistons move in the opposite direction, they are pushed into the corrugated tube, from it - in a mask for breathing air, neutralized from germs and viruses.

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