GB2264646A - Breathing apparatus - Google Patents
Breathing apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2264646A GB2264646A GB9202917A GB9202917A GB2264646A GB 2264646 A GB2264646 A GB 2264646A GB 9202917 A GB9202917 A GB 9202917A GB 9202917 A GB9202917 A GB 9202917A GB 2264646 A GB2264646 A GB 2264646A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- face mask
- piston
- breathing apparatus
- exhale
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B18/00—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
- A62B18/08—Component parts for gas-masks or gas-helmets, e.g. windows, straps, speech transmitters, signal-devices
- A62B18/10—Valves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B18/00—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
Abstract
Breathing apparatus capable of use as either a filter respirator or positive pressure breathing apparatus comprises a face mask 1 having a filter 14 and an inhale valve mounted in one aperture in the face mask 1 and a demand valve 7 and an exhale valve 8 mounted in respective other apertures in the face mask 1. The demand valve 7 has a hose 9 for supplying breathing air under pressure to the demand valve 7 in the positive pressure mode of operation Figs. 1 and 4 (not shown), by connecting the hose connector 10 to a supply line 11 from an air cylinder 12. In the filter respirator mode Figs. 2 and 3, the hose connector 10 is disconnected from the supply line 11 and located in a parking position in a side fitting 15 where it is effective to move a piston member 19 against the action of a spring 22 and cause a cable 23 to change the position of a piston member 28 in the exhale valve 8, thereby reducing the opening pressure of the exhale valve 8 from the level appropriate for the position pressure mode to the substantially lower level appropriate for the filter respirator mode. <IMAGE>
Description
BREATHING APPARATUS
This invention relates to breathing apparatus, and more particularly to breathing apparatus which may be used either as a filter respirator or as positive pressure breathing apparatus including a demand valve.
Such breathing apparatus conventionally employs a face mask having an exhale valve. However, the pressure under which the exhale valve should open is different for the two modes of operation of the breathing apparatus. In the filter respirator mode, the exhale valve should open under a lower pressure than when the breathing apparatus is operating in the positive pressure mode, for example the exhale valve may open at a positive pressure of the order of 10 mm water gauge in the filter respirator mode and at a positive pressure of the order of 30 mm water gauge in the positive pressure mode. Consequently, means needs to be provided for varying the resistance of the exhale valve when a change in the mode of operation of the breathing apparatus occurs.
In one known breathing apparatus of this kind the demand valve used in the positive pressure mode is removable from the face mask when the breathing apparatus is to be used in the filter respirator mode.
The action of fitting the demand valve into the face mask or removing the demand valve from the face mask is effective to change the resistance of the exhale valve. Such breathing apparatus is inconvenient for the user and there is the difficulty of ensuring adequate sealing of the face mask when fitting or unfitting the demand valve.
In another known -breathing apparatus of this kind the exhale valve includes a plug or cylinder which is movable manually and may be locked in position using a bayonet fitting. Such an arrangement has the disadvantage that the user must remember to change the resistance of the exhale valve manually each time that he changes the mode of operation of the breathing apparatus.
It is therefore desirable to provide breathing apparatus of this kind in which the resistance of the exhale valve is changed automatically. It has been proposed that the resistance of the exhale valve be changed pneumatically as a result of the difference in pressure within the face mask in the two means of operation, but such a pneumatic automatic means of changing the resistance of the exhale valve has not proved satisfactory.
According to the present invention there is provided:
Breathing apparatus comprising:
a face mask,
a filter and an inhale valve both mounted
to a first aperture in the face mask,
a demand valve mounted to a second aperture
in the face mask, the demand valve having
a hose attached thereto with a connector
for connecting the demand valve to a source
of breathing gas under pressure,
an exhale valve mounted in a third aperture
in the face mask, the exhale valve including
a valve member and a valve spring bearing
on the valve member and providing resistance
to movement of the valve member,
a parking position on the face mask including
a socket for receiving the hose connector,
and
control means responsive to the placing of
the hose connector in the socket of the
parking position to reduce the resistance
to movement of the valve member, and operative
on removal of the hose connector from the
socket of the parking position to increase
the resistance to movement of the valve
member.
Breathing apparatus in accordance with the present invention has the advantage that the hose connector is sealed from contamination in the parking position when the breathing apparatus is being used in the filter respirator mode.
Preferably in breathing apparatus according to the present invention, the parking position comprises a side fitting on the face mask, the side fitting including the socket which has resilient retaining means therein for retaining the hose connector in the socket and the control means includes a piston movable within the side fitting, a piston return spring within the side fitting and urging the piston towards the socket and link means connected to the piston in the side fitting and to a piston member controlling the length of the valve spring in the exhale valve.
Conveniently, the link means comprises a cable movable in a sleeve, the cable being connected at one end to the piston of the side fitting and being connected at the other end to the piston member controlling the length of the exhale valve spring.
The present invention will be further understood from the following detailed description of embodiments thereof which will be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 shows a perspective view of breathing apparatus in accordance with the present invention being used in the positive pressure mode,
Figure 2 is a perspective view of the breathing apparatus of Figure 1 with the compressed air cylinder disconnected and the apparatus being used in the filter respirator mode,
Figure 3 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a face mask for breathing apparatus according to Figure 1, but shown separate from the wearer and in the filter respirator mode,
Figure 4 is an enlarged side view of part of the breathing apparatus of Figure 3 with the exhale valve and the side fitting shown in cross-section when the breathing apparatus is in positive pressure mode, and
Figure 5 is a similar view to Figure 4 when the breathing apparatus is in filter respirator mode.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings', breathing apparatus in accordance with the present invention comprises a face mask 1 secured to the head of a wearer by a head harness comprising straps 2, 3 and 4. The face mask includes a visor 5 and a drinking facility 6 which is located in an aperture in one side wall of the face mask. A filter canister 14 is mounted in similar position in an aperture in the opposite side wall of the face mask, an inhale valve being included within the face mask for controlling inhalation in the filter respirator mode. In the positive pressure mode of operation the positive pressure within the face mask maintains the inhale valve closed, preventing inhalation through the filter respirator aperture.
A demand valve 7 is mounted to the front of the face mask 1 adjacent to an exhale valve 8. The demand valve 7 has a hose 9 attached thereto for supplying breathing air under pressure in the positive pressure mode of operation. The positive pressure mode of operation is illustrated in Figure 1 in which a hose connector 10 at the end of the hose 9 is connected to a supply line 11 from a compressed air cylinder 12 supported on the back of the wearer by a harness including shoulder straps 13.
The face mask 1 further includes a side fitting 15 which constitutes a parking position for the hose connector 10 when this is disconnected from supply line 11 and the breathing apparatus is being used in the filter respirator mode as shown in Figure 2.
The details of the control means used to increase or decrease the resistance of the exhale valve in accordance with the present invention are omitted from Figures 1 and 2 in the interests of clarity, but will be described in detail with reference to
Figures 4 and 5.
Referring to Figure 3 of the accompanying drawings, there is shown a preferred modified form of the face mask of Figures 1 and 2, but including the same essential features as Figures 1 and 2. The hose 9 which is connected to the demand valve 7 has its connector 10 located in the socket of the side fitting 15, which also includes the drinking facility 6 which forms no part of the present invention.
Extending between the side fitting 15 and the exhale valve 8 is a sleeve 18 through which passes a cable (not shown) constituting a link means linking a piston 19 (Figures 4 and 5) in the side fitting 15 with a piston member 28 in the exhale valve 8.
Referring now particularly to Figure 4 of the drawings, the side fitting 15 contains a socket 20 for receiving the male hose connector 10. An 0-ring 21 constitutes resilient retaining means for engaging the hose connector and retaining it within the socket 20 as shown in Figure 5.
As shown in Figure 4 the piston 19 within the side fitting 15 is spring urged from right to left within the side fitting 15 by piston return spring 22 so that the piston 19 is in direct contact with the portion of the side fitting 15 containing socket 20.
The piston 19 is however moved to compress spring 22 by the action of inserting the male hose connector 10 in the socket 20 as shown in Figure 5.
Secured to the piston 19 is one end of a cable 23 which passes through the sleeve 18 and through the exhale valve cover, the other end of the cable 23 being secured to the centre of the piston member 28 of the exhale valve. The exhale valve comprises a valve member 29 (Figure 4) maintained on a valve seating 30 by a valve spring 31. The pressure exerted by one end of the valve spring 31 on the exhale valve member 29 is controlled by the position of the piston member 28 against which the opposite end of valve spring 31-bears.
In operation in the positive pressure mode the hose connector 10 is connected to the supply of compressed air cylinder 12 and the piston 19 is in its left-hand position within the side fitting 15 as shown in Figure 4. In this position the cable 23 linking the piston 19 with the exhale valve piston member 28 has moved the exhale valve piston member 28 to the right to compress valve spring 31 and raise the resistance of the exhale valve to the appropriate level for positive pressure mode of operation of the breathing apparatus.
On changing from the positive pressure mode to the filter respirator mode the male hose connector 10 is inserted in socket 20 to move the piston member 19 to the right and compress spring 22 as shown in
Figure 5. v O-ring 21 engages in an annular recess on the male hose connector 10 to retain the hose connector 10 in the socket 20. Other means may be provided for different connectors 10.
Movement of the piston 19 to the right causes cable 23 to be moved through the sleeve 18 and draw exhale valve piston member 28 to the left, thereby permitting the exhale valve spring member 31 to expand and reduce the pressure exerted by the spring member 31 on the exhale valve member 29 which is obscured in the view of Figure 5 behind the end of the hose 9 adjacent to the hose connector 10. In consequence of the expansion of spring member 31 the exhale valve will now open under a lower pressure appropriate for the filter respirator mode of operation.
On the hose connector 10 being removed from the socket 20, spring 22 in the side fitting 15 is effective to move the piston 19 back to its left-hand position as shown in Figure 4, thereby moving the cable 23 through the sleeve 18 to restore exhale valve piston member 28 to the position shown in Figure 4 in which the exhale valve spring member 31 is compressed.
Within the cover of the exhale valve 8 a further spring 32 is provided to act on the opposite side of piston member 28 from the valve spring 31. Further spring 32 is a fail safe feature which acts to return the piston member 28 to the right-hand position in the event of a failure of the cable 23 at a time when the hose connector 10 is removed from the socket 20 for connection to the compressed air cylinder 12.
Claims (5)
1. Breathing apparatus comprising:
a face mask,
a filter and an inhale valve both mounted
to a first aperture in the face mask,
a demand valve mounted to a second aperture
in the face mask, the demand valve having
a hose attached thereto with a connector
for connecting the demand valve to a source
of breathing gas under pressure,
an exhale valve mounted in a third aperture
in the face mask, the exhale valve including
a valve member and a valve spring bearing
on the valve member and providing resistance
to movement of the valve member,
a parking position on the face mask including
a socket for receiving the hose connector,
and
control means responsive to the placing of
the hose connector in the socket of the
parking position to reduce the resistance
to movement of the valve member, and operative
on removal of the hose connector from the
socket of the parking position to increase
the resistance to movement of the valve
member.
2. Breathing apparatus according to Claim 1 wherein the parking position comprises a side fitting on the face mask, the side fitting including the socket which has resilient retaining means therein for retaining the hose connector in the socket, and wherein the control means includes a piston movable within the side fitting, a piston return spring within the side fitting and urging the piston towards the socket and link means connected to the piston in the side fitting and to a piston member controlling the length of the valve spring in the exhale valve.
3. Breathing apparatus according to Claim 2 wherein the link means comprises a cable movable in a sleeve, the cable being connected at one end to the piston of the side fitting and being connected at the other end to the piston member controlling the length of the exhale valve spring.
4. Breathing apparatus according to Claim 2 or Claim 3 wherein the exhale valve includes a further spring bearing on the piston member and urging the piston member in a direction to reduce the length of the valve spring.
5. Breathing apparatus capable of operation in a filter respirator mode or a positive pressure mode substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9202917A GB2264646A (en) | 1992-02-12 | 1992-02-12 | Breathing apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9202917A GB2264646A (en) | 1992-02-12 | 1992-02-12 | Breathing apparatus |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB9202917D0 GB9202917D0 (en) | 1992-03-25 |
GB2264646A true GB2264646A (en) | 1993-09-08 |
Family
ID=10710225
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB9202917A Withdrawn GB2264646A (en) | 1992-02-12 | 1992-02-12 | Breathing apparatus |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (1) | GB2264646A (en) |
Cited By (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0667171A1 (en) * | 1994-02-09 | 1995-08-16 | RICCARDO SPASCIANI S.p.A. | Improved mask for breathing apparatus supplying air under pressure or not |
WO1996004043A1 (en) * | 1994-08-01 | 1996-02-15 | Safety Equipment Australia Pty. Ltd. | Breathing apparatus |
EP0699578A1 (en) * | 1994-08-30 | 1996-03-06 | HARISAN CO., Ltd. | Snorkel |
US6176239B1 (en) * | 1997-08-06 | 2001-01-23 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Advanced chemical-biological mask |
WO2003090827A1 (en) * | 2002-04-23 | 2003-11-06 | Resmed Limited | Ergonomic and adjustable respiratory mask assembly |
US7047972B2 (en) | 2002-04-23 | 2006-05-23 | Resmed Limited | Ergonomic and adjustable respiratory mask assembly with headgear assembly |
WO2007123585A1 (en) * | 2006-04-26 | 2007-11-01 | Mine Safety Appliances Company | Devices, systems and methods for operation of breathing apparatus in multiple modes |
EP2129443A1 (en) * | 2007-03-23 | 2009-12-09 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Respirator flow control apparatus and method |
US7743767B2 (en) | 2002-04-23 | 2010-06-29 | Resmed Limited | Ergonomic and adjustable respiratory mask assembly with frame |
WO2010131031A2 (en) | 2009-05-12 | 2010-11-18 | Scott Health & Safety Ltd. | Mask for breathing apparatus |
US7874293B2 (en) | 2003-02-21 | 2011-01-25 | Resmed Limited | Nasal assembly |
EP2361656A1 (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2011-08-31 | Dräger Safety AG & Co. KGaA | Respirator mask |
US8042542B2 (en) | 2002-04-23 | 2011-10-25 | Resmed Limited | Respiratory mask assembly with magnetic coupling to headgear assembly |
RU2445137C2 (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2012-03-20 | Морозов Сергей Павлович | Thermal device for disease-producing microbe and virus control |
USD690003S1 (en) | 2002-08-09 | 2013-09-17 | Resmed Limited | Yoked headgear |
WO2014029637A2 (en) * | 2012-08-21 | 2014-02-27 | Dräger Safety AG & Co. KGaA | Respirator |
CN103656909A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-26 | 航宇救生装备有限公司 | Pressurizing oxygen supply mask mass flow breathing valve |
EP2910280A1 (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2015-08-26 | Draeger Safety UK Ltd. | Breathing apparatus garment |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111388889A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-07-10 | 新疆丝路六合电气科技有限公司 | Electric power safety thing allies oneself with positive pressure fire control air respirator |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1522861A (en) * | 1975-01-09 | 1978-08-31 | Spasciani Spa Riccardo | Breathing apparatus |
GB2137888A (en) * | 1983-04-06 | 1984-10-17 | Figgie Int Inc | A mask assembly |
-
1992
- 1992-02-12 GB GB9202917A patent/GB2264646A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1522861A (en) * | 1975-01-09 | 1978-08-31 | Spasciani Spa Riccardo | Breathing apparatus |
GB2137888A (en) * | 1983-04-06 | 1984-10-17 | Figgie Int Inc | A mask assembly |
Cited By (81)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0667171A1 (en) * | 1994-02-09 | 1995-08-16 | RICCARDO SPASCIANI S.p.A. | Improved mask for breathing apparatus supplying air under pressure or not |
WO1996004043A1 (en) * | 1994-08-01 | 1996-02-15 | Safety Equipment Australia Pty. Ltd. | Breathing apparatus |
EP0699578A1 (en) * | 1994-08-30 | 1996-03-06 | HARISAN CO., Ltd. | Snorkel |
US6176239B1 (en) * | 1997-08-06 | 2001-01-23 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Advanced chemical-biological mask |
US8863745B2 (en) | 2002-04-23 | 2014-10-21 | Resmed Limited | Respiratory mask assembly with magnetic coupling to headgear assembly |
US8944058B2 (en) | 2002-04-23 | 2015-02-03 | Resmed Limited | Patient interface device |
US7047972B2 (en) | 2002-04-23 | 2006-05-23 | Resmed Limited | Ergonomic and adjustable respiratory mask assembly with headgear assembly |
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CN103656909A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-26 | 航宇救生装备有限公司 | Pressurizing oxygen supply mask mass flow breathing valve |
EP2910280A1 (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2015-08-26 | Draeger Safety UK Ltd. | Breathing apparatus garment |
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