RU2444681C2 - Gas turbine combustion chamber and gas turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: gas turbine combustion chamber with mixing chamber comprises external housing of said mixing chamber. Mixing chamber allows adjustment relative to external housing and incorporates device to this end. Said device comprises bolt, pressure sheet and wedge-like washer. Contact surfaces between bolt and waster as well as between pressure sheet and bolts feature spherical shape. Bolts may be fitted off-center with respect to tube with flange and allow parallel, perpendicular and horizontal displacement with respect to external housing.

EFFECT: simplified fabrication and reduced adjustment time.

9 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The technical field to which the invention relates.

The invention relates to a combustion chamber for a gas turbine and to a gas turbine.

State of the art

When mounting the mixing chamber of a gas turbine, the mixing chamber is first mounted in the combustion chamber on the flame tube. In this case, the mixing chamber must be precisely aligned so that the lower connecting element of the mixing chamber approaches the connecting element of the inner casing of the main part of the turbine. The mass, shape and position of the mixing chamber and the inner case of the main part of the gas turbine, however, have such large dispersions due to the manufacturing process that the mixing chamber cannot be immediately positioned relative to the inner case of the main part of the turbine.

With this in mind, a special combustion chamber is manufactured for each gas turbine. In order to be able to mount the mixing chamber with the correct tolerance, the position of the inner casing must be determined and transferred to the mixing chamber.

To fit the mixing chamber with the ring of the air cooling system to the position of the inner casing, the position of the inner casing is transferred to the template. Using this template, the mixing chamber with the ring of the air cooling system can be appropriately made and aligned with the position of the inner casing in the area of the flange of the pressure casing.

Figure 2 presents a template for positioning the mixing chamber in accordance with the prior art at the moment, as disclosed in DE 10348447 A1. The template 11 by means of six screws 21 is mounted on the flange 10 of the pressure casing surrounding the mixing chamber. Ring 6 of the air cooling system is aligned on the template 11.

Figure 3 shows a detailed view of two alignment places between the template 11 and the ring 6 of the air cooling system. The slots 23 of the template 11 receive the pins 22 of the ring 6 of the air cooling system and thus determine the position of the ring 6 of the air cooling system.

By this, the offset between the mixing chamber with the ring of the air cooling system and the inner housing is compensated in accordance with the required tolerances. The required average gap between the inner casing and the mixing chamber with the ring of the air cooling system is a = 3-3.5 mm.

Then the ring of the air cooling system can be welded to the mixing chamber.

GB 13558719 discloses a gas turbine in which the connecting part is telescopically connected with its end upstream to the end of the combustion chamber downstream and is connected with its end downstream with the crown of the guide vanes to limit axial movements. The connecting part is mounted with sliding by means of a retaining structure fixed to the housing. This ensures that the connecting piece moves in a parallel way and prevents perpendicular axis of movement.

DE 4223 733 A1 discloses a gas turbine having a thermoelastic connection between the flame tube and the mixing tube by means of an intermediate ring and wave struts. A “Wigglestrip” is used as a connecting element, which is spot-welded on both sides to an intermediate ring and a mixing pipe. The intermediate ring is screwed onto the lower end of the flame tube by means of at least four hexagon head bolts and nuts.

Disclosure of invention

The basis of the invention is the creation of a combustion chamber for a gas turbine and gas turbine.

This problem is solved by the features of claim 1 of the claims for a combustion chamber for a gas turbine and the features of claim 8 of the claims for a gas turbine.

The dependent claims contain preferred embodiments of the invention.

The combustion chamber has a mixing chamber with an outer casing surrounding the mixing chamber, the mixing chamber being adapted to be adjusted relative to the outer casing. To adjust the mixing chamber relative to the outer casing, the mixing chamber is equipped with an adjustment device.

The combustion chamber at the same time has an adjustment device that contains a bolt, a pressure sheet and a wedge-shaped washer. The supporting surfaces of the wedge-shaped washer can be made, for example, flat or spherical.

As a result of statistical studies, it was found that the position of the inner casing in the flange zone of the main part of the turbine oscillates in the radial direction by about 4 mm. By slightly moving the mixing chamber in the combustion chamber, the position of the ring of the air cooling system welded to the mixing chamber can be aligned with the position of the inner casing. The possibility of additional alignment of the mixing chamber after installation allows the use of standardized combustion chambers, including positioned mixing chambers, i.e. those that are not specifically aligned with individual gas turbines.

The advantage of the proposed solution is that significant advantages are revealed in manufacturing and in time due to the possibility of adjusting the mixing chamber. The step of individually moving the position of the inner casing of the gas turbine using the template is eliminated, and statistical means for determining the position of the inner casing can be used.

In a preferred embodiment, the ring of the air cooling system is welded to the mixing chamber and then aligned with the position of the inner housing.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the contact surfaces between the bolt and the washer, as well as between the bolt and the pressure sheet, are spherical.

In accordance with this preferred embodiment of the invention, the region of the bolt flange can be moved between the mating parts on a spherical surface. In this case, the mixing chamber also moves, however, retains its concentric position relative to the flame tube.

Due to the presence of a spherical surface between the bolt and the pressure sheet, a quick and low-cost conversion of existing machines is possible. Due to the optimized bolt size and in the worst case, no critical movements of the mixing chamber occur during operation.

The adjustment is therefore based on the variable position of the bearing bolts.

The bolts in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention can be mounted eccentrically, so that it becomes possible to adjust the height of the mixing chamber. As a preferred embodiment, a variant may also be considered where the bolts have a hole in the head for inserting the mounting rod.

According to a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the hole is an eccentric hole, and the mounting rod is inserted into the hole by an eccentric bolt, so that in accordance with this example of the preferred embodiment, the bolts have an eccentric hole on the head with an eccentric bolt inserted into it .

Bolts in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention can also be installed with the possibility of parallel, perpendicular and horizontal movement relative to the outer casing.

Due to this, it becomes possible to fit the clearance of the mixing chamber to the flame tube.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the mixing chamber is rotatable around the axis of the bolt, thereby achieving increased flexibility of the mixing chamber.

In accordance with a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the bolt may be in a pipe with a flange, which is located in the outer casing. The pipe with a flange can be, in particular, expanded to a longitudinal groove. This makes it possible to fit the mixing chamber in a horizontal direction. Vertical adjustment is also possible in this case by turning the mixing chamber around the axis of the bolt and by using an eccentric.

As an alternative to the described adjusting device with a bolt, the adjusting device can also be formed as a guide system and a tire system with which the mixing chamber can be positioned more accurately. In this case, the placement of the adjusting bolts is not necessary.

A gas turbine in accordance with the invention includes a combustion chamber in accordance with the invention. The combustion chamber may include a ring of an air cooling system fixed to the mixing chamber and facing the inner housing. The gap between the inner case and the ring of the air cooling system is then preferably from 3 to 3.5 mm.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Other features, properties and advantages of the invention are identified from the following description of embodiments of the invention, taking into account the attached drawings, which show:

- figure 1: is a sectional view of the combustion chamber in accordance with the invention according to an embodiment with a mixing chamber device located between the flame tube and the inner case, consisting mainly of a pressure casing and a mixing chamber;

- figure 2: view used in the prior art template in the installation position;

- figure 3: on an enlarged scale a section of the template shown in figure 2;

- figure 4: a detailed view of the combustion chamber shown in figure 1 in the area of the connecting element between the mixing chamber and the inner casing in the area of the flange of the pressure casing;

- figure 5: presented in figure 1 the bolt in General form;

- Fig.6: a single view of the bolt shown in Fig.5;

- Fig.7: a single view shown in Fig.5 wedge-shaped washers;

- Fig. 8: a single view of the pressure sheet shown in Fig. 5.

The implementation of the invention

Figure 1 shows a combustion chamber 1 in accordance with the invention of a gas turbine with an external casing, which is configured as a pressure casing 18 of the combustion chamber, and with a flame tube 2 located inside the external casing or pressure casing 18, and inside the pressure casing 18 there is also a mixing chamber 4 and the ring 6 of the air cooling system fixed to the mixing chamber 4.

The flame tube 2 extends vertically and is located in the upper zone of the device. It absorbs the flame, which is formed by means of a burner 3 located on the upper end of the pressure casing of the burner 3. A conical and curved mixing chamber 4 is adjacent to the lower end of the flame tube 2, which supplies exhaust gases to the inner casing 8 of the main part of the turbine (not shown). In the area of the flange 10 of the pressure casing, the ring 6 of the air cooling system adjoins the mixing chamber 4, which cools the transition between the mixing chamber 4 and the inner casing 8.

The mixing chamber 4 in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the invention is fixed by means of two bolts 12 to the pressure casing 18. The bolts 12 are located in the pipes 20 having longitudinal axes 19 with flanges located in the pressure casing 18, namely, near the support in the region of the lower part of the mixing chamber 4. In this case, the longitudinal axis 19 of the pipes with flanges (Fig. 5) pass through the intersection point of the longitudinal axis 7 of the flame tube and the longitudinal axis 9 of the inner casing (Fig. 1).

The longitudinal axis 19 of the pipe with flanges in accordance with the embodiment of the exemplary embodiment of the invention can be perpendicular to the plane defined by the longitudinal axis 7 of the flame tube and the longitudinal axis 9 of the inner casing. Inside the horizontal longitudinal groove, the screws, and thereby the mixing chamber, can then easily move in the direction of the extended longitudinal axis 9 of the inner casing. Pipes with flanges can, however, also be well positioned in any other place on the outer surface of the pressure casing 18. Moreover, then, however, optimal mobility along the longitudinal axis 9 of the inner casing is not achieved.

Figure 4 shows on an enlarged scale a detailed view of the X zone inside the flange 10 of the pressure casing of figure 1. Inside the flange 10 of the pressure casing 18 there are joints between the mixing chamber 4 and the ring 6 of the air cooling system, as well as between the ring 6 of the air cooling system and the inner casing 8. The ring 6 of the air cooling system is welded to the mixing chamber 4 at one end. The other end of the ring 6 air cooling system is inserted into the adjacent cross section of the inner housing 8.

FIG. 5 shows a single view of the adjustable arrangement shown in FIG. 1 between the mixing chamber 4, the pressure housing 18 and one of the two bolts 12 (FIG. 1). The bolt 12 is gripped by its unscrewed end by the cartridge 5 of the mixing chamber, while the flange 17 is located inside the pipe 20 with the flange of the pressure casing 18. The cartridge 5 of the mixing chamber is located on the outside of the mixing chamber 4. The bolt 12 can be mounted on the flange 17 by several distributed around the perimeter of the circumference of the screws 16 on the pressure casing 18.

Between the screw heads 16 and the end surface of the bolt 12, the pressure sheet 13 rests on the end surface of the bolt. In accordance with the presented embodiment, not only the pressure sheet 13, but also the bolt 12 have spherical contact surfaces 15. In accordance with an embodiment of the embodiment, the concave the side of the pressure sheet 13 indicates the mixing chamber 4.

Between the flange 17 of the bolt 12 and the pressure casing 18 there is a wedge-shaped washer 14, which is ring-shaped and wraps around the bolt 12. On the adjacent surface of the bolt, the wedge-shaped washer 14 has a spherical surface 15. The bolt also has a flange on the surface of the flange, which is assembled adjacent to the wedge-shaped washer , spherical surface 15. In accordance with the presented variant of the improvement of the exemplary embodiment of the invention, the concave sides of both spherical surfaces 15 supported against each other indicate cm the abrasive chamber 4. As a result, in the released state of the bolt 12, a support of the bolt 12 rotates along the spherical surfaces between the pressure sheet 13 and the wedge-shaped washer 14.

Both spherical surfaces 15 between the pressure sheet 13, the bolt 12 and the wedge-shaped washer 14 in this embodiment of the invention allow adjustment of the mixing chamber 4 by means of a bolt 12 in its position relative to the inner casing 8 (Fig. 4) of the main part of the turbine. For example, the mixing chamber 4 by means of a bolt 12 with a longitudinal axis 24 can be rotated through an angle α relative to the longitudinal axis 19 of the pipe with a flange.

To set the eccentric position, for example, to 4 mm, the mixing chamber is rotated through an angle α≈0.15 ° in the flange of the pressure casing. After adjusting the mixing chamber, the screws of the bearing bolts are attracted. The bolts, and thus the mixing chamber, are then held, by means of friction, in their position.

In the flange 17 of the bolt 12 is, in addition, an opening 26 for screwing in the mounting rod. Due to the displacement, the bolt 12 eccentrically located in the sleeve 25 can be moved relative to the pipe 20 with the flange by a minimum of 1/12 (corresponds to the pitch of the screws) and, thus, a rough alignment of the mixing chamber can be achieved. Precise alignment is made by moving the bolt between the spherical surfaces 15 and by using the gaps B1 and B2.

FIG. 6 shows a single view of the bolt 12 shown in FIG. 5. The bolt 12 has spherical surfaces 15 on both sides of its flange (FIG. 5). In a particular embodiment of the invention, the bolt 12 with the longitudinal axis 24 is arranged to displace inwardly a hole with a diameter of 26 mm in a pipe with a flange horizontally relative to the longitudinal axis 19 of the pipe with a flange. In a further embodiment of the invention, the opening may also be expanded to a longitudinal groove. The diameter A of the holes of the bolt flange (approximately 25 mm) is larger than the diameter B of the holes of the flange of the wedge-shaped washer 14 (Fig. 7) and the pressure sheet 13 (Fig. 8) so that the fastening screws 16 of the bolt 12 have sufficient clearance for the movement of the bolt adjust the position of the bolt.

Figure 7 shows a single view of the wedge-shaped washer 14, as already shown in the General view of figure 5. The wedge-shaped washer 14 in accordance with the presented embodiment of the invention only on the side adjacent in general view to the flange of the bolt 12 has a spherical surface 15 for the possibility of adjusting the bolt 12.

On Fig shows a single view of the pressure sheet 13, which is also already presented in General view in figure 5. The pressure sheet 13 in accordance with the presented embodiment of the invention also only on the side adjacent in General view to the flange of the bolt 12, has a spherical surface 15 to enable adjustment of the bolt 12.

Claims (9)

1. The combustion chamber for a gas turbine with a mixing chamber (4) surrounding the mixing chamber (4) by an external housing (18), the mixing chamber (4) being made with the possibility of adjustment relative to the external housing (18), as well as with an adjustment device for adjustment a mixing chamber (4) of the relative external housing (18), characterized in that the adjusting device for adjusting the mixing chamber (4) comprises a bolt (12), a pressure sheet (13) and a wedge-shaped washer (14). 2. The combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that the contact surfaces (15) between the bolt (12) and the washer (14), as well as between the bolt (12) and the pressure sheet (13) are made spherical. 3. The combustion chamber according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bolts (12) are made with the possibility of eccentric installation relative to the pipe (20) with a flange. 4. The combustion chamber according to claim 3, characterized in that the bolts (12) have a hole (26) on the head, respectively, for mounting the mounting rod. 5. The combustion chamber according to claim 4, characterized in that the bolts (12) are made with the possibility of parallel, perpendicular and horizontal movement relative to the outer casing. 6. The combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixing chamber (4) is rotatable around the axis of the bolt. 7. The combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a pipe (20) with a flange, which is located in the outer casing and in which a bolt (12) is located, and the pipe (20) with the flange is expanded to a longitudinal groove. 8. Gas turbine with a combustion chamber (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7. 9. A gas turbine according to claim 8, characterized in that the combustion chamber comprises a ring (6) of the air cooling system mounted on the mixing chamber (4) and facing the inner case (8), and the average clearance between the inner case (8) and the ring (6) of the air cooling system is from 3 to 3.5 mm.

Images