RU2442963C1 - Method of traffic data collection and processing using wlans - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: traffic control.

SUBSTANCE: method is based on obtaining and processing WLANs data taking into account that mobile terminals connected to such WLANs are located in the moving vehicles. The nature of the invention is based on using simplified event data from WLANs that does not require network upgrade or mobile terminal upgrade.

EFFECT: enhanced vehicle speed data precision alongside with increased efficiency of the highway network operation and travel time reduction.

7 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of collecting and processing information for controlling the movement of vehicles. The way to determine information about the speed of vehicles is to generate an electronic map of the roads of the village, expressed as a database of road sections.

The method is based on collecting information on the movement of mobile terminals moving inside vehicles received from wireless data networks deployed in this locality and comparing with the characteristics of the labels of these networks that are tied to the logic of the MPC and vector sections of roads of this locality. This combination creates an electronic high-speed map, expressed as a database of the roads of the village with an indication of the speed of vehicles in certain sections of the roads.

The technical result consists in increasing the accuracy of information about the speed of vehicles on the roads of settlements and in the possibility of increasing the number of criteria for calculating the objective function when selecting the optimal route for moving a vehicle from one point of a settlement to another, which ultimately improves the efficiency of road use network and reduce route time.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that information from wireless networks about the movement of mobile terminals, which is inaccurate for geographical positioning, can be clarified by comparison with the characteristics of the labels of wireless networks. To provide a complete service for the transmission of statistically valuable information about the speed of vehicles on highways, special characteristics of labels are used that take into account vector sections of highways using the logic of the Rules of the Road.

If you need to increase accuracy, change the settings when collecting the characteristics of the labels of wireless data networks; change the settings of event chain generators and coincidence generator; increase the storage time of event chains on road sections (where an increase in accuracy is required).

Adjusting the system parameters when storing and analyzing speed values on road sections of a settlement allows you to take into account and accumulate statistical information and use it according to the specified criteria to analyze the work of road services and transmit it to end users - motorists for visualization and route formation.

The proposed method relates to computer systems used in automation and control of regulation of the movement of vehicles in a settlement.

1. Known methods of traffic regulation (USSR author's certificate N 218708 of 02/18/1966, G01D 5/12; N 510957 of 05/22/1973, G08G 1/08; N 1587558 of 4/10/1988, G08G 1 / 08), based on the magnetometric principle of indicating the movement of vehicles with subsequent processing of traffic information. According to the results of processing, commands are issued to traffic lights at the intersections of heavily congested highways of the city.

The disadvantage of these methods is the lack of relevant information for decision-making by the traffic light control system and, as a consequence, the low efficiency of the system on a city scale, since the analysis of the traffic situation and the control actions on traffic lights are limited by the distance between two intersections on the same street and the number of cars in this section . At the same time, the payment for achieving the effect on a very busy street is to increase the downtime of vehicles at the traffic lights on the street crossing it.

2. There is also a method of regulating the movement of vehicles (RF patent N 2022367 from 07/18/90, G08G 1/01), in which they send an ultrasonic signal to a traffic light. The vehicle receives a response signal from a traffic light. In response to the vehicle, information is sent about the speed range that the vehicle must adhere to in order to arrive at an adjustable intersection when there is an enable signal at the traffic light.

The disadvantage of this method is the lack of relevant information about the number of vehicles moving towards the traffic light and, as a result, the vehicle’s speed limit, which helps to avoid downtime at an adjustable intersection.

3. Known methods for determining the shortest route of movement (US patents N 4484192 from 11/20/1984; 340/995; N 5486822 from 01/23/1996, 340/995, G08G 1/123), in which it is proposed to use the memory On-board computer map of the city roads. Information about the point of departure and destination is entered into the computer by the driver, then the computer calculates the shortest path.

The disadvantages of these methods is the lack of relevant information about the degree of congestion of the city roads.

4. Known methods for determining the shortest route of movement (Japanese patents N 09062996 from 3.07.1997; N 07114698 from 2.05.1995; N 07134795 from 05.23.1995, G08G 1/09), in which computers using located in the memory of the on-board computer a map of the city’s roads provides vehicle control on the route.

The disadvantages of these methods is the lack of relevant information about the degree of congestion of the city roads.

5. Known methods for improving road safety implemented in devices (Japanese Patents N 06251294 dated 09/09/1994; N 06004798 dated 01/14/1994 339 (1487), N 09311996 dated 2/12/1997, G08G 1/09 ), which determine the vehicle’s coordinates, its speed, receive information about the accident or traffic jam ahead of the radio channel, calculate the vehicle’s safe speed and maintain its speed in the acceptable range when approaching and moving in a danger zone.

The disadvantage of this method is the partial lack of collection of relevant and complete information, since the collection is carried out using road sensors and radars on highways that cover only major roads.

Known systems do not take into account the current situation on the roads of the village, which does not allow for the adjustment of vehicle motion parameters.

6. There is a known method implemented in a navigation device to search for the optimal route of vehicles moving regularly between the same points of the city (Japanese Patents N 06266998 of 09/22/1994; N 08221687 of 08/30/1996), in which when the vehicle is moving, its coordinates and speed are measured. The statistical information accumulated over these measurements is processed by the onboard computer and used to adjust the route of movement.

This method does not provide for the creation of an electronic high-speed map of the entire settlement with a real speed regime on its roads with the possible introduction of current parameter corrections into it, due to changes in speed modes on the roads.

7. There is a method that is implemented in a car navigation device having a memory for storing a map of the area, an on-board computer, a display and a receiver of traffic information (Japanese patent N 08044997 of 02.16.1996). The device determines the current coordinates of the vehicle, calculates the shortest route from the start to the end point and displays it on the display. The traffic information receiver receives an external radio message with information about traffic jams and traffic difficulties. This information is displayed on the display by changing the color of the road in places of "traffic jam" and "traffic difficulties", and the degree of color change corresponds to the degree of difficulty of movement of vehicles.

The disadvantage of this method is the partial lack of collection of relevant and complete information, since the collection is carried out using road sensors and radars on highways that cover only major roads.

8. A method is known that is implemented in a method for collecting and processing information about traffic jams (Japanese Patent No. 07029098 of 01/31/1995) in order to detect and avoid them. The known method consists in the fact that special vehicles equipped with a navigation device and a radio / transmitting device move along the city roads and transmit to the base station data on their coordinates and speed. The base station analyzes the information received, builds a map of traffic jams and determines the detour route. The base station transmits a traffic jam map and the recommended route of its detour over the air to drivers of vehicles.

The disadvantage of this method is the partial lack of collection of relevant and complete information, since it is necessary to evenly distribute special vehicles along the entire network of roads, taking into account traffic in one direction and set equal intervals between them. The intervals are calculated from the conditions of the frequency of updating information and the average speed of the transport stream.

9. The known method, which is the closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the claimed method, implemented US patent 60 / 293,829 "Method and system for the electronic determination of dynamic traffic information".

In this method, all possible methods of collecting information are used. From mobile terminals, as in claim 8, from road sensors and radars of claim 5, 7. Using the direction finding and triangulation method using the time delay to obtain the signal profile. By collecting data on the current location of the mobile phone through the determination of the signal profile, in which the unique characteristics of the received signal are compared with the data of the characteristics in previous locations of the mobile phone.

The disadvantage of the latter method is the lack of the necessary accuracy and location of the mobile phone in the wireless data networks GSM, CDMA and others, which does not allow the use of the received information without further approximation of the obtained values in traffic streams.

In the above inventions, the main provider of information about moving cars is GPS data about their coordinates, taken from the built-in GPS modules in cars or from GPS modules of other devices moving inside the car (together with it). It is possible to use other satellite systems (for example, GLONASS). Further, this information is transmitted via wireless data transmission over developed GSM, CDMA or other networks. These methods are not considered in our invention.

Some inventions collect information using various tags and readers. For example, road signs or camcorders. These methods are not considered in our invention.

The presented invention uses information from already deployed wireless data networks. As initial data, data on a signal or a change in the signal characteristics of mobile terminals of subscribers in various wireless data networks of the following standards and protocols are used:

a. GSM SCSD GPRS EDGE / EGPRS

b. Widen

c. CDMA UMTS

d. WCDMA TD-SCDMA

e. HSDPA HSUPA HSPA +

f. Mobile WiMAX IEEE 802.16e

g. WiMAX IEEE 802.16m

and others (hereinafter referred to as the "Networks").

Information is taken from network operators confidentially with anonymized subscriber encoding.

The following methods are known for collecting the necessary information from a wireless data network, namely:

The first group of methods implies that the subscriber's terminal does not require improvement.

1. The time of arrival of data from the mobile terminal to two (or more) base stations is taken into account, where the position of the signal source (car) is determined by the triangulation method. The method is based on measuring the signal transit time from the mobile terminal to the nearest 3 base stations. To achieve the required measurement accuracy, it is necessary to synchronize all base stations in time using an atomic clock or signals from a GPS satellite. All data through the network of the telecom operator enters the computer center, where the subscriber’s location is established with an accuracy of about 125 meters

2. The following method involves a larger number of base stations, that is, you can calculate the approximate location within the area formed by the intersection of the antenna service sectors (with frequency planning in the form of several sectors in one cell). Moreover, the more sectors, the smaller the angle of each of them, therefore, the intersection area of sectors of neighboring cells decreases. And the accuracy of determining the coordinates increases. When collecting information about all the base stations that the mobile terminal “sees”, a kind of “Snapshot” of the wireless data network is formed. This cast is quite unique and allows you to determine the location of the mobile terminal quite accurately.

3. The next method is based on measuring data received from the base station closest to the telephone. In the simplest case, the “Cell ID” method searches for the base station serving the subscriber. The accuracy in this case depends on the range of the base station of this cell.

Another more expensive and accurate class includes the following systems:

4. A mobile positioning system implies the use of a mobile phone adapted to any system. Examples of such systems are A-GPS (augmented GPS) or E-OTD (improved time-measuring system). They significantly use the satellite segment, that is, rely on the current GPS system, which greatly complicates the entire system.

5. In practice, other proprietary technologies are used that embody the methods of both the first and second class. Among them are:

a. Mobile Positioning System (Ericsson) - accuracy 100 m,

b. RadioCameraTM - accuracy 50 m,

c. SnapTrackTM (Wireless Assistant GPS) - accuracy up to 15 m,

d. CursorTM (CPS) - 50 m accuracy,

e. Finder (CellPoint) - accuracy 75 m.

The present invention is based on methods for obtaining information from a wireless data network that does not require the installation of additional equipment or programs on a mobile terminal. It is also necessary to add that the method proposed in the invention does not complicate the operation of the wireless data network and does not load it.

Detailed information on the Network is the internal parameters and protocols of the Network on the following events by the mobile terminal:

h. the fact of the subscriber’s mobile terminal entering the coverage area of the signal or into the coverage area of the wireless network;

i. the fact that the subscriber’s mobile terminal leaves the signal coverage area or from the wireless coverage area;

j. the fact of the transition of the subscriber’s mobile terminal from the coverage area by a signal of one sector to the coverage area by a signal of another sector of one base or to the coverage area by a signal of another base station;

k. the fact of the transition of the subscriber’s mobile terminal from the coverage area of one sector to the coverage area of another sector of one base station or to the coverage area of another base station;

l. the fact of registration of the subscriber’s mobile terminal in the sector and / or in the base station of the network;

m. the fact of a call (voice communication) of a subscriber’s mobile terminal or to a subscriber’s mobile terminal;

n the fact of transmission or receipt of any messages (SMS, MMS, etc.) by the mobile terminal of the subscriber;

o. the fact of transmission or receipt of data by the mobile terminal of the subscriber, including access to the Internet;

p. the fact of connecting the subscriber’s mobile terminal to the services of a network operator;

q. time of the above events.

All these facts and their description are regarded as events (hereinafter referred to as “Events”), which form a dynamic Event Database, then DB1, the format of which is shown in Figure 2.

To identify more accurate information for future use, Events are formed in the Event Chain by subscriber identifier during one session, determined by the time T2. Chains of events are recorded in Database No. 2, the format of which is shown in Figure No. 3.

To obtain information about the place of the Event, you must create an electronic map of the area (locality) with the indication of special tags. Generation of an electronic map of the roads of the village is done by detour of all roads in a one-way direction with the included mobile terminals, which are preinstalled with software that records the occurrence of any of the above Events. The coordinate of this Event is recorded in Database No. 3 as a label. Thus, Labels are the characteristics of the Network signal indicating the exact (up to 0.5 meters) geographical coordinates. A detour of roads of a settlement is carried out taking into account the logic of the rules of the road, while the marks are recorded automatically, thereby forming an electronic map of the roads of the settlement, marked by the logic of marks and rules of DD. Thus, in the electronic map, the labels are placed taking into account the road graph of the settlement and taking into account the logic of the rules of the road (SDA). The format of Database No. 3 is shown in Figure No. 4.

The basis of the invention for calculating the exact speed of movement of mobile terminals is an algorithm for comparing information received from the Network (data from Events from DB1) with information about the characteristics of the Network signal (data from labels from DB3). Comparison is made by sorting from the DB2 LAC / CellID fields in the Event Chain with the LAC / CellID Label fields from the DB3. All matches obtained are recorded in DB4. A detailed algorithm is described in Figure 1.

The implementation of the invention involves the implementation of the following sequence of actions:

the formation of the DB3. The formation of the Database of characteristics of the Network signal occurs before the algorithm starts;

formation of DB1 - information about the Events of the above received from the operator of a wireless data network;

updating DB1 using the gateway and network configuration settings;

accumulation of information about Events by t1 - data storage time in DB1;

uploading information about Events from DB1 through the clipboard to the Event Chain Generator (hereinafter referred to as the CA Generator);

formation of Event Chains according to the parameters of the CA Generator and t2 - time of the maximum event chain. Entering the CA in the CA Database;

unloading the CA from DB2 to the Match Generator;

calculation by the Generator of Coincidences of CAs with reference to the coordinates (X: Y) and the time of the event according to the specified parameters and t3 - the time of the Event;

the formation of the database of the CA with coordinates and time (hereinafter referred to as the CAxyt);

TSCxyt storage by t4 storage time;

unloading from the database into a graphical editor or any other interface for subsequent visualization.

To implement the invention can be used:

- mobile terminals using wireless data networks, cell phones of various standards;

- radio communications can be selected on the basis of existing channels and (or) communication systems (autonomous, trunking, cellular, satellite);

- any IBM-compatible computer can be selected as an electronic computer technology based on the requirements of the efficiency of processing incoming information;

- as a means of the driver interface, a liquid crystal display and a touch tablet can be used to control the cursor.

The invention has great potential for implementation, not limited to the presented example. When extending this method to other examples of implementation, the essence of the invention does not change, providing a result that is adequate to the above.

The implementation of the invention can be illustrated using figures 1-4.

Thus, in Database No. 4, records of Coincidence Chains are formed with the coordinates of the mark and the time of coincidence of what happened on this mark, which is an isolated case of the passage of a mobile terminal along a specific route. When the following events are superimposed on the route, a stream is formed (many vehicles that have passed along the route) with an easily calculated arithmetic average speed. Variation with the data storage time in DB4 allows to accumulate the “history” of plots for further use in eliminating seasonal shifts.

The technical result achieved by the invention is to increase the accuracy of information about the speed of vehicles on the roads of settlements and the possibility of increasing the number of criteria for calculating the objective function when choosing the optimal route that are used in various navigation systems and routers. This, ultimately, allows you to increase the efficiency of use of the road network and reduce travel time to the destination.

Also, the effect of the application of this method can positively affect the ecology of the city (at the level of noise and the emission of toxic gases)

The foregoing invention for collecting information on the movement of vehicles is based on information from wireless data networks, taking into account that mobile terminals connected to these wireless networks move in vehicles. The invention is based on the use of simplified information about Events from wireless Data Networks that do not require upgrading the Network or upgrading a mobile terminal. By collecting event data from wireless network operators, an Event Database is formed, which is based on the time of the event and the fact that the network parameter changes. For further use, the Event Chain is formed by grouping events by subscriber ID. Chaining is produced by the Event Chain Generator with the possibility of tuning. In order to be able to add geographic coordinates to each Event in the Event Chain, an electronic map of the roads of a settlement is formed in advance taking into account the traffic rules. The electronic map is presented in the form of Tags recorded in the Database No. 3. The Marks Database displays the characteristics of the Network with the geographical coordinates of the Marks on the roads, taking into account the logic of the MPC. Geographic coordinates are added to each Event in the Event Chain in the Coincidence Generator, where a pairwise comparison of the Event data with the Label data for the fields of Databases No. 2 and No. 3 takes place. As a result of the coincidence of the fields indicating a change in the network parameter, a chain of records is obtained with the time and coordinates of Coincidences, which are recorded in Database No. 4. Comparing the distances between the coordinates of Coincidences and the time between Coincidences in the Chain of Coincidences, the speed of the mobile terminal along the indicated section of the road is obtained. Summing up several Coincidence Chains on one section of roads, you can calculate the average speed on this section of the road with the given calculation parameters. The result obtained is presented in the form of information about the speed of movement of mobile terminals on road sections.

Full and abbreviated name of the databases:

Event Information Database (DB1)

Event Chain Database (DB2)

Network Signal Characteristics Database (DB3)

Coincidence Database (DB4)

The desired results are achieved due to the combination of the following features:

- create an electronic map of the area with entering it into the Database of Characteristics of the Network Signal (BD3);

- form the Database of Information on Events (DB1) - information about events received from the network operator, including at least one of the types of the following events;

r. the fact of the subscriber’s mobile terminal entering the coverage area of the signal or into the coverage area of the wireless network;

s. the fact that the subscriber’s mobile terminal leaves the signal coverage area or from the wireless coverage area;

t. the fact of the transition of the subscriber’s mobile terminal from the coverage area by a signal of one sector to the coverage area by a signal of another sector of one base or to the coverage area by a signal of another base station;

u. the fact of the transition of the subscriber’s mobile terminal from the coverage area of one sector to the coverage area of another sector of one base station or to the coverage area of another base station;

v. the fact of registration of the subscriber’s mobile terminal in the sector and / or in the network base station;

w. the fact of a call (voice communication) of a subscriber’s mobile terminal or to a subscriber’s mobile terminal;

x the fact of transmission or receipt of any messages by the mobile terminal of the subscriber;

y. the fact of transmission or receipt of data by the mobile terminal of the subscriber, including access to the Internet;

z. the fact that the subscriber’s mobile terminal is connected to the services of a network operator with the binding of the event to time;

- events are formed into the Event Chain by the subscriber’s identifier during one session, determined by the time T2;

- carry out constant updating of information in the Database of Information on Events (BD1) in real time;

- upload information about events from the Event Information Database (DB1) to the Event Chain Generator (CA Generator);

- form the Event Chain according to the parameters of the CA Generator and the maximum time t2 of the event chain;

- record Event Chains in the Database of Event Chains (DB2);

- unload Event Chains from the Event Chain Databases (DB2) into the Coincidence Generator;

- carry out the calculation in the Coincidence Generator of information characterizing traffic flows (characteristics, including speed, moving mobile terminals), with reference to coordinates and time;

- upload the information received in the Match Generator to the Match Database (DB4) with subsequent storage for time t4;

- unload information about traffic flows from / to the Database of Matches (DB4) to the consumer of information.

Claims (7)

1. A method of collecting and processing information about traffic flows on roads using wireless data networks, including the following steps:
- create an electronic map of the area with entering it into the Database of Characteristics of the Network Signal (BD3);
- form the Database of Information on Events (BD1) - information about events received from the network operator, including at least one of the types of the following events:
a. the fact of the subscriber’s mobile terminal entering the coverage area of the signal or into the coverage area of the wireless network;
b. the fact that the subscriber’s mobile terminal leaves the signal coverage area or from the wireless coverage area;
c. the fact of the transition of the subscriber’s mobile terminal from the coverage area by a signal of one sector to the coverage area by a signal of another sector of one base or to the coverage area by a signal of another base station;
d. the fact of the transition of the subscriber’s mobile terminal from the coverage area of one sector to the coverage area of another sector of one base station or to the coverage area of another base station;
e. the fact of registration of the subscriber’s mobile terminal in the sector and / or in the base station of the network;
f. the fact of a call (voice communication) of a subscriber’s mobile terminal or to a subscriber’s mobile terminal;
g. the fact of transmission or receipt of any messages by the mobile terminal of the subscriber;
h. the fact of transmission or receipt of data by the mobile terminal of the subscriber, including access to the Internet;
i. the fact of connecting the subscriber’s mobile terminal to the services of a network operator;
with binding events to time;
- events are formed in the Event Chain by the subscriber’s identifier during one session, determined by the time T2;
- carry out constant updating of information in the Database of Information on Events (BD1) in real time;
- upload information about events from the Event Information Database (DB1) to the Event Chain Generator (CA Generator);
- form the Event Chain according to the parameters of the CA Generator and the maximum time t2 of the event chain;
- record Event Chains in the Database of Event Chains (DB2);
- unload Event Chains from the Database of Event Chains (DB2) into the Match Generator;
- carry out the calculation in the Coincidence Generator of information characterizing traffic flows (characteristics, including speed, moving mobile terminals) with reference to coordinates and time;
- unload the information received in the Coincidence Generator into the Coincidence Database (DB4) with subsequent storage for the time t4;
- unload information about traffic flows from the Database of matches (DB4) to the consumer of information. 2. The method according to claim 1, in which an electronic map of the area is created by bypassing all roads with the included mobile terminals, taking into account the logic of the rules of the road. 3. The method according to claim 2, in which the detour of the roads is carried out in a one-way direction. 4. The method according to claim 1, in which the electronic map of the area in the Database of Characteristics of the Network Signal (DB3) includes labels characteristics of the network signal indicating the geographical coordinates of each label. 5. The method according to claim 4, in which geographical coordinates are indicated with an accuracy of 0.5 m. 6. The method according to claim 1, in which
The Event Information Database (DB1) includes:
- Event identifier;
- Event number;
- timestamp of the Event;
- identifier of the group of network cells before the Event;
- identifier of the group of network cells after the Event;
- network cell identifier after the Event;
- subscriber identifier;
- reason for the Event / type of event;
The Event Chain Database (DB2) includes:
- Event chain identifiers;
- Event identifiers;
- numbers in order of events;
- timestamps of Events;
- identifiers of the cell / cell group before the Event;
- identifiers of the group of cells / cells after the Event;
- time of interruption of the chain of events;
The Network Signal Characteristics Database (DB3) includes:
- tag identifier;
- coordinate - X marks;
- coordinate - At the label;
- identifiers of the cell / cell group up to the label;
- cell / cell group identifiers after the label;
- signal delay time to the base station from the mark;
- signal levels of the serving cell and signal levels of the strongest neighboring cells;
The Database of Matches (DB4) includes:
- tag identifier;
- coordinate - X marks;
- coordinate - At the label;
- match chain identifier;
- Match IDs;
- numbers in the order of coincidence;
- timestamps for matches. 7. The method according to claim 6, in which the calculation of the speed of movement of mobile terminals is based on an algorithm for comparing data from DB1 with information from DB3 by sorting from DB2 fields of cell group identifiers before / after an Event in the Event Chain with fields of Label identifiers of cell group / cell before / after the tag from DB3, followed by the recording of all received matches in DB4.

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