RU2442953C1 - Method of triggering a point proximity fuse - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: arms manufacturing.

SUBSTANCE: method of triggering a fuse containing a casing housing a target detector connected to the electronics module and equipped with at least two electrodes divided by a dielectric insert is based on target detection and is associated with an alteration of dielectric conductivity of the environment the sensitive area of the sensor. The sensitive area of the target sensor is previously adjusted according to the dielectric conductivity of the environment, protecting the target sensor from interference by choosing the correct thickness of the ammunition shroud made of electroinsulating material. The ammunition is accelerated, then the electronics module is energized thus inducing the sensor's input capacity alteration by changing the dielectric conductivity of the environment in the sensitive area of the sensor and the blasting impulse is formed. The thickness of the ammunition shroud h is established based on the ratio: h ≥ 1/10 L, where: L - length of the external surface element of the point electrode in the meridian section.

EFFECT: enhanced fuse application, provision of triggering a proximity fuse at the optimum distance from the target with high precision and resistance to mini-interferences.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of armaments and can be used to determine the optimal moment of actuation of a non-contact fuse.

Known electric fuse of ammunition, including a metal casing, which is one of the electrodes of the target sensor, and another electrode, made in the form of a metal disk and isolated from the first. Between the electrodes, which are the plates of the capacitor, an alternator is installed, the resistance of which is sequentially included in the circuit (UK Application No. 1288756, IPC F42C 11/00, publ. 13.09.72).

When approaching the target, the discharge current at the resistance increases significantly, which is accordingly recorded by the electronics unit.

The disadvantages of this fuse are limited in scope, since the shells of the ammunition serve as fuse electrodes, and such fuses can only be used with a certain caliber and class of ammunition, the presence of an alternating current generator, which leads to a deterioration in the mass-dimensional characteristics of the fuse, and the dependence of the sensor response on small interference .

A known method of actuating a lead electrostatic non-contact fuse, comprising a housing in which a power source, a safety cocking mechanism (FDA), a detonator, a target sensor, an electronics unit connected to the FDA and a target sensor, one of the electrodes of which is part of the housing fuse, performs the function of a fairing of ammunition. The other electrode is part of the shell of the ammunition. An electrically insulating insert is installed between the electrodes, which is part of the fuse body, docked with the ammunition body and fairing (US Patent No. 3871296, IPC F42C 11/00, publ. March 18, 75 prototype).

The specified fuse is actuated in the following manner.

The electrodes charge when the ammunition starts. As the ammunition approaches the target, the capacity of the electrode, which is part of the fuse’s body, increases with respect to the other electrode, the munition body, which leads to a change in the voltage in the circuit, which is amplified and supplied to the electronics unit that launches the detonator.

The disadvantages of this method of actuating the fuse are the dependence of the sensor on small interference and a limited scope, since the shells of ammunition serve as fuse electrodes, and this method can only be implemented with a certain caliber and class of ammunition.

The challenge in this technical field and the solution of which the proposed technical solution is directed is to expand the scope of fuses and increase their resistance to small interference.

The solution to this problem is achieved due to the fact that in the proposed method of actuating a head non-contact fuse, comprising a housing in which a target sensor connected to an electronics unit is located with at least two electrodes separated by a dielectric insert based on the detection of a target by changing the dielectric constant of the medium in the sensitive zone of the sensor, according to the invention, pre-configure the sensitivity zone of the target sensor for the dielectric constant of the medium, while they protect the target sensor from interference by selecting the thickness of the fuse fairing made of electrically insulating material, give the ammunition acceleration, then supply voltage to the electronics and the target sensor and generate an explosion pulse by changing the input capacitance of the target sensor.

In an embodiment, the input capacitance of the target sensor is changed by introducing objects with a dielectric constant different from the dielectric constant of the medium of the sensitivity zone into the sensitivity zone of the target sensor.

In an embodiment, the fuse fairing thickness h is selected from the ratio h≥1 / 10 L, where L is the length of the outer surface of the head electrode along the generatrix of the meridional section.

The indicated ratio of the thickness of the fairing and the length of the outer surface of the head electrode along the generatrix of the meridional section is selected on the basis that, with a further decrease in it, there is a sharp increase in the sensitivity of the sensor, which reduces its noise immunity.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a structural diagram of a fuse for implementing this method.

This method can be implemented using a head non-contact fuse, comprising a housing 1, which houses a power source 2, a detonator 3, an electronics unit 4 connected to a safety cocking mechanism 5 and a target sensor with at least two electrodes 6 and 7, one of the electrodes 7 is part of the fuse case 1 and is made in the form of a body of revolution with a profiled end part for docking with the mating profile of the munition body, and the other electrode 6 is made in the form of a body of rotation and is placed in inside the head of the body 8 of the fuse, and the electrodes are separated from each other by an insulating insert 9.

The head part of the fuse case 8 is made of electrically insulating material, and its thickness at the installation site of the head electrode 6, which separates it from the external environment, is selected in such a way as to exclude the influence of small interference: rain, branches, etc., on the target sensor and operation fuse.

The proposed method for actuating a head proximity fuse is implemented as follows.

Under the influence of starting forces, when certain conditions are reached, FDA 5 is triggered, the fuse electric circuit is activated. The voltage from power supply 2 is supplied to the electronics unit 4 and the target sensor. When the ammunition approaches the target at an optimal distance, an object with a dielectric constant different from the dielectric constant of the medium enters the sensor sensitivity zone, the input capacitance of the sensor changes, as a result of which, when certain conditions are met, a pulse is generated to actuate the fuse.

The fuse is resistant to small interference due to the installation of a cowl made of dielectric material that separates the head electrode 1 from the external environment. The thickness of the fairing is selected from the ratio h≥1 / 10 L, where L is the length of the outer surface of the head electrode along the generatrix of the meridional section. The specified value is selected based on the fact that with a further decrease in the sensitivity of the sensor, it reduces its noise immunity.

Using the proposed technical solution will allow you to create a method of actuating the head of a non-contact fuse with the fuse at an optimal distance from the target, high resistance to small interference and the possibility of use for a wide class of ammunition.

Claims (2)

1. A method for actuating a head non-contact fuse, comprising a housing in which a target sensor connected to an electronics unit is located with at least two electrodes separated by a dielectric insert, based on the detection of a target by changing the dielectric constant of the medium in the sensor’s sensitive area, characterized in that pre-configure the sensitivity zone of the target sensor according to the dielectric constant of the medium, while protecting the target sensor from interference by selecting the thickness a fuse fairing made of an insulating material gives acceleration to the ammunition, then an electric voltage is applied to the electronics unit and changing the dielectric constant of the medium in the sensitivity zone of the target sensor causes a change in the input capacitance of the target sensor and a detonation pulse is generated, and the fuse fairing thickness h is determined from the relation
h≥1 / 10L,
where L is the length of the generatrix of the outer surface of the head electrode in the meridional section. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the dielectric constant in the sensitivity zone of the target sensor is changed by introducing objects with a dielectric constant different from the dielectric constant of the medium of the sensitivity zone into the sensitivity zone of the sensor.

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