RU2442932C1 - Low emission burner - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: gas turbine engine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in the construction of combustion chambers (CC) of gas turbine engines (GTE) of earth application working with natural gas. Technical effect is reached in low emission burner containing body with nozzle, swirler with hollow blades with holes for fuel supply into the general zone, bluff central body with holes for fuel supply into the standby zone and holes of air supply to the standby zone, pin with fuel supply channels into general and standby zones and air inlet channel before the swirler, cocurrent air step swirler vane with height from 15 to 20% of the channel height.

EFFECT: ensures wide range of stable burning of CC and low emission level of NO_x and CO during engine nominal operation due to reduction of fuel.

1 dwg, 2 dwg

Description

The invention - low-emission burner - relates to a device for burning fuel gas in a gas turbine engine with low emission of harmful substances in the exhaust gases of an engine. The use of a low-emission burner in a gas turbine engine ensures strict environmental requirements for the content of harmful substances in exhaust gases.

This task is becoming especially urgent for highly efficient gas turbine engines with a compression ratio of more than 20.

To meet current and future environmental requirements for gas turbine exhaust emissions, burners are being developed for burning a poor homogeneous (pre-mixed) air-fuel mixture (FA) at a flame temperature of no higher than 1750 K. The combustion process is carried out by strictly dosing the fuel into the burners several circuits depending on the mode of operation of the gas turbine engine and environmental conditions.

The closest analogue of the claimed invention is a patent for the invention RU 94665 U1, IPC F23R 3/14 "Double-circuit nozzle of a gas turbine engine", published on 05.27.2010.

In contrast to the analogue, the claimed technical result in the proposed burner is achieved by introducing into the design of the rod with channels for separate fuel supply to the standby and main zones and an associated ledge-turbulator of an air flow with a height of 15 to 20% of the height of the channel located at the inlet in front of the swirl blades .

Figure 1 presents a General view of the low-emission burner, which shows the location of the main structural elements.

Low emission burner contains a housing with a nozzle (1); a swirl with hollow blades (2) and a side step-turbulator (3) with a height of 15 to 20% of the height of the channel located on the outer diameter of the air channel at the inlet in front of the blades of the swirl; a rod (4) with channels (5) and (6) for supplying fuel to the main and standby zones, respectively, and with holes (7) for supplying fuel from the annular manifold (8) to the main combustion zone; poorly streamlined central body (9) with holes (10) for supplying fuel from the annular collector (11) through the central channel (12) to the standby zone and with holes (13) for supplying air to the standby combustion zone.

Low emission burner operates as follows.

Through the annular channel 6 of the rod 4, fuel is supplied to the annular collector 11 of the standby zone located inside the burner housing 1. Further, the fuel passes through the channels of a number of individual hollow vanes and enters the central channel 12 and through the openings 13 on the end wall of the central body 9, where jets of standby fuel are introduced into a swirling air stream.

The duty zone is fired up, the purpose of which is to support the combustion of a homogeneous fuel-air mixture (FA) of the main combustion zone. Combustion of standby fuel occurs diffusion in reverse currents behind the central body 9 in a swirling stream of air.

Through the tube 5 of the rod 4, fuel is supplied to the annular collector 8 of the main combustion zone. Further, fuel through a large number of small holes 7 in the walls of another row of hollow blades 2 is injected into the air stream entering the swirl of the burner 2, flowing around the associated step-turbulator 3. A poor homogeneous air-fuel mixture of the main zone is formed, emerging from the burner in the form of an annular swirling jet.

To organize the combustion of the standby zone and the cooling of the end wall and the central body 9 itself, air is used supplied through the openings 12, the jets of which are directed along the edge.

The combustion of fuel assemblies of the main circuit in a swirling jet is ensured by supplying heat from a burning standby fuel embedded in it, as well as in the wake of the central body, together with standby fuel and return combustion products. As a result of the mutual supporting combustion of the two zones in the burners, stable combustion is ensured in the entire operating range. In the nominal engine operating mode, the fuel assembly of the main circuit is practically already without thermal support of the standby zone, and a decrease in fuel consumption in the standby zone ensures a minimum level of emissions of harmful substances.

Claims (1)

Low emission burner containing a housing with a nozzle; swirl with hollow blades with fuel supply holes in the main zone; poorly streamlined central body with openings for supplying fuel to the standby zone and openings for supplying air to the standby zone; rod with channels for supplying fuel to the main and standby zones and an associated step-turbulator of air with a height of 15 to 20% of the height of the channel made at the entrance to the burner air channel in front of the swirl.

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