KR101738946B1 - Ultra low emission Burner - Google Patents

Abstract

One embodiment of the present invention provides a combustor excellent in performance against high efficiency low emission combustion to construct a flame by optimizing a split flame technique, an air multistage technique, a fuel partial premixing technique, and a fuel gas recirculation technique. According to an embodiment of the present invention, an ultra-low emission combustor comprises: a flame generation unit generating a first flame by combusting mixed fuel and air; and a multistage air supply unit drawing in one part of the flame generation unit, and supplying combustion gas or air to a second flame area in a combustion chamber.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to an ultra low emission burner,

The present invention relates to an ultra-low-pollution combustor, and more particularly, to a combustor excellent in performance for high-efficiency low-pollution combustion, because it constitutes a flame by optimizing the split flame technology, the air multi-stage technology, the fuel part pre- .

Recently, high efficiency and low pollution combustion, which is a combustion system, are indispensable because of energy exhaustion problem and environmental problems. To realize this, researches on the improvement of burner performance and combustion control research for improvement of operation method are actively carried out.

Conventional low-pollution combustion techniques include fuel multi-stage technology, air multi-stage technology, combustion gas recirculation technology, combustion gas internal recirculation technology, re-combustion technology, OFA technique. However, such a burning technique requires additional external devices or a complicated configuration of peripheral devices, and has a disadvantage that there is a limit for low-pollution. Therefore, in order to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages, a combustion technique for integrally optimizing a plurality of low-pollution combustion techniques has been researched / developed.

Korean Patent No. 10-1512352 entitled " Ultra Low Nitrogen Oxidate Combustion Device Through Internal Recirculation of Combustion Gas and Its Operation Method, hereinafter referred to as Prior Art 1) Fuel injection system; A secondary fuel injector disposed at least in the periphery of the primary fuel injector and disposed so that its tip enters the combustion furnace; A recirculation inducing unit for recirculating the combustion gas generated in the combustion furnace to the combustion furnace by a hydrodynamic force; A fuel supply unit for supplying fuel to the primary fuel injection body and the secondary fuel injection body; An oxidant supplier for supplying an oxidant to a space between the primary fuel injector and the secondary fuel injector; A central oxidant spraying part for spraying the oxidant supplied from the oxidant supply part into the combustion furnace along the inside of the primary fuel spraying body; An air multistage sleeve disposed to surround the primary fuel injection body for air multistage; And a recirculation promoting protrusion attached to an outer surface of the air multistage sleeve, wherein the oxidant supplied from the oxidant supply unit is supplied in multiple stages through the inner and outer portions of the air multistage sleeve, and the recycling promotion protrusion is connected to the recirculating induction unit and the air So as to increase the flow rate of the combustion gas flowing between the multi-stage sleeves.

The above-mentioned prior art 1 has a first problem in that a plurality of components are included in order to apply the combustion gas recirculation combustion technology, the fuel multi-stage technology and the air multi-stage technology, .

In addition, since the conventional art 1 is designed to be used in a water tube type boiler, the second problem is that performance is ensured only in a specific combustion system.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory and are not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. There will be.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a flame generator comprising: a flame generator for generating a first flame by burning mixed fuel and air; And a multi-stage air supply unit into which a part of the flame generating unit is introduced and supplies combustion gas or air to a region of the second flame in the combustion chamber, and is discharged through a coanda discharge port provided in the multi- Air is supplied to the region of the second flame by forming a coanda flow path.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the air in the Coanda flow path may be cut off from the first flame.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the first flame and the second flame may be generated in a completely separated state in one combustion chamber.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the combustion gas may be introduced into the combustion gas inlet provided in the multi-stage air supply unit, and the combustion gas may be supplied again to the first flame or the second flame to perform combustion gas recirculation have.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the multistage air supply unit may have a shape in which the cross section with respect to the front surface is annular and surrounds the flame generating unit.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the inner surface of the multi-stage air supply unit may be formed in such a shape as to allow the air discharged through the coanda outlet port to adhere to the inner surface of the multi- .

In the embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of the multi-stage air supply units may be provided, and the multi-stage air supply units may surround the flame generating unit in a plurality of layers at predetermined intervals.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the multi-stage air supply unit may include a plurality of multi-stage air supply units.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the inner surface of the multi-stage air feeder may be a shape that allows air discharged through the coanda outlet to adhere to the inner surface of the multi- have.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the multi-stage air supplier may be arranged so as to surround the periphery of the flame generating portion.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the multi-stage air supplier may be arranged in a plurality of layers around the flame generating portion.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the flame generating portion may include a fuel nozzle for supplying fuel, a combustion air inlet for supplying air, a fuel spraying nozzle provided inside the fuel nozzle, performing a bolometer function, And a diffuser for injecting the mixed fuel mixture.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the flame generator may further include a premix fuel nozzle for injecting fuel into the air flow by the combustion air inlet.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a furnace in which an ultra-low-pollution combustor of the present invention is applied.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a boiler comprising an ultra-low-pollution combustor of the present invention.

The present invention has the first effect that the performance against the high-efficiency low-pollution combustion is excellent because the flame is constituted by optimizing the split flame technology, the air multi-stage technology, the fuel part premixing technology and the fuel gas recycling technology.

Further, the present invention has a second effect that the manufacturing cost is reduced and the maintenance is easy because the present invention realizes a simple structure for optimizing the split flame technology, the air multi-stage technology, the fuel part premixing technology and the fuel gas recirculation technology.

The present invention has a third effect that it can be provided in various apparatuses and can be used in various combustion systems not only in a specific combustion system.

It should be understood that the effects of the present invention are not limited to the above effects and include all effects that can be deduced from the detailed description of the present invention or the configuration of the invention described in the claims.

1 is a sectional view of a side surface of a combustor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is an enlarged sectional view of a side surface of a combustor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view of a combustor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a cross-sectional view of a combustor according to another embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. In order to clearly illustrate the present invention, parts not related to the description are omitted, and similar parts are denoted by like reference characters throughout the specification.

Throughout the specification, when a part is referred to as being "connected" (connected, connected, coupled) with another part, it is not only the case where it is "directly connected" "Is included. Also, when an element is referred to as "comprising ", it means that it can include other elements, not excluding other elements unless specifically stated otherwise.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In this specification, the terms "comprises" or "having" and the like refer to the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof, But do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a combustor according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a side surface of the combustor according to an embodiment of the present invention. (Arrows A and B in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 denote the core flow path, and arrows B in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 indicate the fuel gas recirculation path).

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the ultra-low-pollution combustor of the present invention includes a flame generator 200 for combusting mixed fuel and air to generate a first flame 10; And a multistage air supply unit 100 into which a part of the flame generating unit 200 is introduced and supplies combustion gas or air to the region 21 of the second flame in the combustion chamber 30. [

At this time, the air discharged through the coanda outlet port 101 provided in the multi-stage air supply unit 100 forms a coanda flow path as shown by the arrow A in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, ). ≪ / RTI >

The Coanda flow path can be the air flow path using the Coanda principle. The principle of koanda can mean the principle that the gas ejected close to the surface tends to suck and flow on the surface.

The air discharged through the coanda outlet 101 may be cut off from the first flame 10. [

As shown by the arrows A and B in FIGS. 1 and 2, when the Coanda flow path is formed using the above-mentioned Coanda principle to flow air, the air in the Coanda flow path is influenced by the primary flame of the fuel- And to be supplied to the secondary flame of the fuel-deficient condition without giving the secondary flame.

Accordingly, the first flame 10 and the second flame 20 can be generated in a completely separated state in one combustion chamber 30. [

The first flame 10 and the second flame 20 are completely separated and can perform the functions of the first flame 10 and the second flame 20 as described below.

In the region 11 of the first flame, combustion can be carried out under an excess fuel condition. In addition, a high concentration of carbon monoxide (CO) may occur.

The combustion gas is introduced into the combustion gas inlet 102 provided in the multistage air supply unit 100 and the combustion gas is supplied again to the first flame 10 or the second flame 20 to perform combustion gas recirculation .

Specifically, the combustion gas generated from the first flame region 11 and the second flame region 21 is recycled to induce the effect of reducing the maximum temperature of the flame. This effect plays a role in suppressing the generation of nitrogen oxides, which are harmful gases generated in the flame.

Such fuel gas recirculation can be achieved by application of a negative pressure to operate an injector. First, when the air is discharged from the coanda outlet 101 by the principle of Coanda, the air in the space between the flame generator 200 and the multi-stage air supplier 100 is discharged by the flow of the air discharged from the coanda outlet 101 And the space between the flame generator 200 and the multi-stage air supply unit 100 may be lowered in pressure. Thereafter, the combustion gas is sucked into the space between the flame generator 200 and the multistage air supply unit 100 through the combustion gas inlet 102 as shown by arrows B in FIGS. 1 and 2, and a combustion gas recirculation path is formed . The effect of suppressing the formation of nitrogen oxides and increasing the efficiency of the combustor can be expected by the re-burning by the combustion gas recirculation path.

When the pressure in the space between the flame generating part 200 and the multistage air supplying part 100 is lowered as described above, the burning gas introduced into the combustion gas inlet 102 by the Bernoulli principle that the flow velocity and the pressure are inversely proportional to each other Is brought into contact with the air of the Nanda flow path in an increased flow rate, and the interaction of the Nanda flow path air and the flow of the combustion gas can be enhanced.

In the region 21 of the second flame, combustion can be carried out under air excess conditions. Then, it induces the carbon monoxide (CO) generated in the first flame region 11 and the unburned fuel to be completely burned in the flame region. In addition, the generation of thermal NOx can be suppressed by forming a relatively low temperature flame by the recirculated combustion gas.

3 is a cross-sectional view of a combustor according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, it is for a cross-section perpendicular to the paper plane passing through a dotted line a-a 'in Fig.

As shown in FIG. 3, the multi-stage air supply unit 100 may have an annular cross section with respect to the front surface and may surround the periphery of the flame generating unit 200.

When the multi-stage air supply unit 100 is formed as a single unit, an integrated Coanda flow path can be formed. In this single multi-stage air supply unit 100, air inflow control from an external air pump can be performed for the entire multi-stage air supply unit 100.

2, the inner surface of the multi-stage air supply unit 100 is configured such that the air discharged through the nose discharge port 101 adheres to the inner surface of the multi-stage air supply unit 100 and flows to form a nose flow path Or the like.

The inner surface of the multi-stage air supply unit 100 may refer to an inner surface facing the flame generating unit 200.

The matters concerning the Coanda flow path are the same as those described above.

A plurality of the multi-stage air supplying units 100 may be provided and surround the flame generating unit 200 in a plurality of layers at predetermined intervals.

In FIG. 3, although one multi-stage air supply unit 100 is shown, a plurality of multi-stage air supply units 100 may be provided. In one specific embodiment, the first multi-stage air supply unit surrounding the flame generator 200, the second multi-stage air supply unit surrounding the first multi-stage air supply unit at a predetermined interval from the first multi- And a third multistage air supply unit surrounding the second multistage air supply unit at a predetermined interval.

Here, the first multistage air supply unit, the second multistage air supply unit, and the third multistage air supply unit are formed in the same manner, and may differ in size. The third multistage air supply unit may be larger than the second multistage air supply unit and the second multistage air supply unit may be larger than the first multistage air supply unit.

4 is a cross-sectional view of a combustor according to another embodiment of the present invention. More specifically, the present invention relates to a cross section orthogonal to the plane of the drawing, which passes through a dotted line a-a 'in FIG. 1, and relates to an embodiment different from that of FIG. (The matters of FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are described at the bottom.)

The multi-stage air supplier (100) may include a plurality of multi-stage air suppliers (110).

The multistage air supply unit 110 may be arranged to surround the flame generating unit 200.

As shown in FIG. 4 (a), the multi-stage air feeder 110 may have a rectangular cross-section with respect to the front face.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), the multi-stage air feeder 110 may have a part of a circular cross section with respect to the front face.

When the multistage air supply unit 100 is composed of a plurality of multistage air supply units 110, it is possible to form a diversified corundum flow path. Each of the multi-stage air suppliers 110 may be connected to a separate external air pump, and the air supplied to each multi-stage air supplier 110 may be separately controlled. Thereby, in the second flame region 21, the speed and the air amount of the coanda flow path air flowing into the weakened portion of the second flame 20 are partially increased, so that the second flame 20 is stably formed . Correspondingly, the second flame 20 may partially reduce the velocity and the amount of air flowing into the excessively intensified area.

The multi-stage air supplier 110 may be arranged in a plurality of layers around the flame generating unit 200.

As shown in FIG. 4 (a), a plurality of multi-stage air feeders 110 may be arranged around the flame generator 200 to form a first multi-stage air feeder. The plurality of multi-stage air supply units 110 may be arranged to surround the first multi-stage air supply unit to form the second multi-stage air supply unit. By means of the multi-stage air supplier 110 arranged in various ways, control of the air in the Coanda flow path can be performed in a complex manner.

As shown in FIG. 2, the inner surface of the multi-stage air supplier 110 is configured such that the air discharged through the coanda outlet 101 is adhered to the inner surface of the multi-stage air supplier 100, Or the like.

At this time, the inner surface of the multi-stage air supplier 110 may refer to a surface facing the flame generator 200.

The matters concerning the Coanda flow path are the same as those described above.

As shown in FIG. 2, a fuel nozzle 210 for supplying fuel, a combustion air inlet 220 for supplying air, a charge holding nozzle 230 installed inside the fuel nozzle 210, And a diffuser 240 for injecting mixed fuel in which fuel and air are mixed may be included in the flame generating portion 200.

The flame generating unit 200 may further include a premixed fuel nozzle 250 that injects fuel into the air flow by the combustion air inlet 220.

In Fig. 2, the arrow marked on the combustion air inlet 220 may mean the direction in which air flows from the outside. And, the arrow displayed on the fuel nozzle 210 may indicate the direction in which the fuel flows from the outside, and the fuel may be a liquid fuel or a gaseous fuel.

In Fig. 2, the arrow displayed on the sustained-release nozzle 230 may be the direction in which fuel or compressed air flows. In addition, a swivel unit may be installed in the bolt nozzle 230 as a bolt for the bolt function. In such a case, the swirler may be of the radial, axial, or mixed flow type. A compensating plate may be provided on a part of the sustaining nozzle 230.

The arrow marked on the premixed fuel nozzle 250 of FIG. 2 may be the discharge direction of the premixed fuel. The premixed fuel nozzle 250 is connected to the fuel nozzle 210 and receives fuel from the fuel nozzle 210 and discharges the fuel in a direction corresponding to the air flow direction introduced by the combustion air inlet 220 can do. Thus, a premixed mixture of air and fuel can be supplied through the diffuser 240 for the generation of the primary flame.

The ultra-low-pollution combustor of the present invention can be applied to a furnace capable of having a combustor.

The ultra-low-pollution combustor of the present invention can be applied to a boiler that can have a combustor.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description of the present invention is for illustrative purposes only and that those of ordinary skill in the art can readily understand that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. will be. It is therefore to be understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative in all aspects and not restrictive. For example, each component described as a single entity may be distributed and implemented, and components described as being distributed may also be implemented in a combined form.

The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents should be construed as being included within the scope of the present invention.

10: First Flame 11: First Flame Area
20: the second flame 21: the area of the second flame
30: combustion chamber 100: multi-
101: Coanda exhaust port 102: Combustion gas inlet
110: multi-stage air supplier 200: flame generator
210: Fuel nozzle 220: Combustion air inlet
230: Resistance nozzle 240: Diffuser
250: Mixed fuel nozzle

Claims (15)

In an ultra-low-emission combustor,
A flame generating portion in which mixed fuel and air are burned to generate a first flame; And
A multistage air supply unit for supplying a combustion gas or air into a region of a second flame, in which a part of the flame generating unit is drawn in and completely separated from the first flame inside the combustion chamber;
Lt; / RTI >
The air exhausted through the exhaust outlet of the multi-stage air supply unit adheres to the inner surface of the multi-stage air supply unit formed on the inner side toward the flame generating unit to form a nose flow path, Is supplied to the region of the second flame to be performed,
The air in the Coanda flow path is cut off from the first flame and supplied only to the region of the second flame,
Wherein the combustion gas sucked into the combustion gas inlet between the flame generator and the multi-stage air supply unit is in contact with the air in the Coanda flow path in a state where the flow rate is increased, Wherein the flow is enhanced and supplied to the region of the second flame to perform recirculation of the combustion gas.
delete delete delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the multi-stage air supply unit has an annular cross-section with respect to the front surface and surrounds the periphery of the flame generating unit.
delete The method of claim 5,
Wherein the plurality of the multi-stage air supply units are provided so as to surround the periphery of the flame generating unit in a plurality of layers at predetermined intervals.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the multi-stage air supply unit includes a plurality of multi-stage air supply units.
The method of claim 8,
Wherein the inner surface of the multi-stage air supplier has a shape in which air discharged through the coanda outlet port flows on the inner surface of the multi-stage air supply unit and flows to form the coanda flow path.
The method of claim 8,
Wherein the multi-stage air supplier is arranged so as to surround the periphery of the flame generating portion.
The method of claim 10,
Wherein the multi-stage air supplier is arranged in a plurality of layers around the flame generating part.
The method according to claim 1,
The flame generator may include:
A fuel nozzle for supplying fuel,
A combustion air inlet for supplying air,
A fuel spraying nozzle provided inside the fuel nozzle and performing a spraying function, and
A diffuser for injecting mixed fuel in which fuel and air are mixed,
And a second low-pollution combustor.
The method of claim 12,
Wherein the flame generating unit further comprises a premix fuel nozzle for injecting fuel into the air flow by the combustion air inlet.
In a combustion furnace having a combustor,
A combustion furnace to which the low-pollution combustor according to any one of claims 1, 5, and 7 to 13 is applied.
In a boiler having a combustor,
A boiler characterized in that a low-pollution combustor according to any one of claims 1, 5, 7 to 13 is applied.

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