RU2442708C1 - Profiled bottom of soft float with crosscut step - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: airfoil boat engineering, aircraft engineering and shipbuilding. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention refers to aircraft engineering, ship-building and airfoil boat engineering, it deals with profiling of the bottom of the soft float with a crosscut step. The profiled bottom of the soft float is made with a crosscut step. The soft float is formed with pneumocylinders placed in a pneumoshell the bottom of which has spoilers on it. The soft float contains at least three pneumoshells. The downstream pneumoshells are of smaller length in comparison with the upstream ones. The spoilers are installed along the whole length of the bottom surface of the downstream pneumoshell, and as for the upstream pneumoshells, the spoilers are installed on the parts that protrude beyond the aft of the adjacent downstream pneumoshells. The cross section of the spoilers has the form of a triangle. Its base surpasses the the altitude 2...4 times. The spoilers are placed with the interval that increases from the aft to the nose of the pneumoshells. Decrease in full pressure thrust after the spoiler at higher speeds of motion causes air drawing and formation of air-and-water mixture. Presence of the crosscut step increases drawing in the aft part of the pneumoshells. ^ EFFECT: decrease in the hydrodynamic resistance of the soft float with a crosscut step. ^ 6 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to soft floats, in particular to profiling the bottom of a soft float with a transverse edan, and can be used in soft floats for ekranoplanes, high-speed boats, seaplanes, airplanes with an air cushion chassis and other amphibious vehicles.

Soft revised floats with a profiled bottom are known.

So, in patent No. 1786768, IPC B60V 1/08, for the invention “A vehicle with a dynamic air cushion”, published on July 27, 1996, [1], a profiled lower part of a soft float formed by air balloons enclosed in an air shell is presented on the lower part of which are torn with a step equal to 10 ... 20 heights of the indicated torn. However, in the description of the present invention there is no information regarding the change in the pitch between the tears along the length of the lower part of the soft float, which is made without a transverse redan. This leads to the need for additional research in the design of similar soft floats equipped with a transverse redan, which is a disadvantage of the description of the invention [1].

In the patent No. 2076816, IPC B60V 1/08, for the invention of "Marine Passenger Wing", published on 04/10/1997, [2], a description is made of the profiled lower part of the soft float formed by air balloons enclosed in an air shell, on the lower part of which tombs. At the same time, tearing devices are installed on 1/3 of the perimeter of the cross section of the pneumatic shell. In the description of the invention [2] there is no information about the implementation of the lower part of the pneumatic shell equipped with a transverse redan, which is a disadvantage of the invention [2].

Patent No. 2087351, IPC B60V 1/08, for the invention “A vehicle with a dynamic air cushion”, published on 08/20/1997, [3], describes the profiled lower part of a soft float with a transverse redan formed by air-bags enclosed in an air-bag , on the lower part of which are torn. In the description of the invention [3] there is no information about the torn birds located on the air shell between the stern and the transverse edan of the soft float. This is a disadvantage of the soft float known from the description of the invention [3].

The profiled lower part of the soft float with a transverse redane, the description of which is presented in the invention [3], is adopted as the closest analogue of the present invention.

The technical result in the implementation of this invention is to reduce the hydrodynamic resistance of a soft float with a transverse redane equipped with a profiled lower part.

The invention consists in the following.

The profiled lower part of the soft float with a transverse redan, as in the closest analogue [3], formed by pneumocylinders enclosed in a pneumatic envelope, on the lower part of which are torn, but in contrast to the closest analogue [3], the soft float contains at least , three pneumatic shells, the underlying pneumatic shells are made shorter than the overlying ones, while on the lower surface of the underlying pneumatic shell, tearing strips are installed along the entire length, and on the overlying pneumatic shells mounted on parts protruding beyond the stern of adjacent underlying pneumatic shells.

The profiled lower part of the soft float with a transverse redan is characterized by the fact that the stalls are installed with a step equal to 10 ... 20 heights of the indicated stalls and decreasing as they approach the stern of the corresponding pneumatic shell of the soft float.

The profiled lower part of the soft float with a transverse redan is characterized by the fact that the tears are made profiled in cross section in the shape of a triangle with a base equal to 2 ... 4 values of its height.

In this case, the profiled lower part of the soft float with a transverse redan is characterized by the fact that the tombs are placed at an angle of 30 ° ... 45 ° to the longitudinal axis and are oriented with their apex toward the stern of the corresponding pneumatic shell of the soft float.

In addition, the profiled lower part of the soft float with a transverse redan is characterized by the fact that the tears are placed at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the pneumatic shell, uniformly decreasing from 30 ° ... 45 ° in the stern to 15 ° in the bow of the corresponding pneumatic shell.

Also, the profiled lower part of the soft float with a transverse redan is characterized by the fact that the lower part of the soft floats is equipped with longitudinal redans located along the longitudinal axis of the corresponding pneumatic shells by at least 1/3 of the perimeter of the cross-section of the pneumatic shell of the soft float, and the stalls are located between the longitudinal redans.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a soft revised float with a profiled lower part when viewed from the side.

Figure 2 shows a section aa in figure 1.

Figure 3 shows the lower pneumatic shell of the soft float when viewed from the side.

Figure 4 shows a view of B in figure 3.

Figure 5 shows a section bb in figure 4.

In Fig.6 shows a section GG in Fig.3.

Figure 7 shows the upper air shell of the soft float when viewed from the side.

On Fig shows a view of D in Fig.7.

The profiled lower part of the soft float with a transverse redan is arranged as follows.

A transverse edan of a soft float formed by combining pneumocylinders enclosed in the corresponding pneumatic shells is formed by performing lower-lying pneumatic shells of shorter length as compared with adjacent overlying pneumatic shells. In this invention, the profiled lower part of the soft float with a transverse edan is considered on the example of a soft float with three pneumocylinders 1 enclosed in three pneumatic shells 2, 3 and 4 (Figs. 1, 2).

The profiled lower part of the soft float is equipped with tearing 5 (Fig.1, 2). At the same time, the profiled lower part of the lower pneumatic shell 2 contains tears 5 along its entire length (Figs. 3, 4), and the lower part of the overlying pneumatic shells 3 and 4 is equipped with torn 5 in the section extending along the stern 6 of the lower pneumatic shell 2 (Fig. 1 )

The contour of the stalls 5 in cross section can be made in the form of an arc of an ellipse, circle, polygon (not shown in Fig.). Tear-offs 5 are arranged with a step t equal to 10 ... 20 heights h of said tear-offs 5 (Figs. 1, 4, 5). Tear-offs 5 can be located at an angle of 30 ° ... 45 ° to the longitudinal axis and orient with the apex towards the stern 6 of the lower pneumatic shell 2 and towards the stern 7 of the corresponding overlying pneumatic shells 3, 4 of the soft float (Figs. 3, 8). In a preferred embodiment, the tears 5 are placed at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the corresponding air shell 2, 3, 4, uniformly decreasing from 30 ° ... 45 ° in the stern to 15 ° in the bow of the corresponding air shell 2, 3, 4. To increase rigidity and durability the lower part of the pneumatic shells 2, 3, 4 can be equipped with longitudinal redans 8 (Fig.6) installed along the transverse axis of the corresponding pneumatic shells 2, 3, 4. Moreover, the tear-offs 5 are located between the indicated longitudinal redans 8.

Similarly, the lower part of the soft float containing two or more transverse redans is made. For example, when forming transverse redans by making the underlying pneumatic shells with a shorter length than the adjacent overlying pneumatic shells, tearing equipment is equipped with sections extending in length beyond the adjacent underlying pneumatic shells (not shown in Fig.).

Tearing strips 5 can be formed by bonding with the lower surface of the air shell by bonding, vulcanization, etc. way. At the same time, the portion of the pneumatic shell on which the torn 5 is mounted is reinforced, for example, by gluing more layers of material from which the pneumatic shell is made (not shown in Fig.). Tearing can also be performed in the form of a tread that connects to the surface of the pneumatic shell of a soft float. In this case, the maintainability of the soft float increases due to the possibility of quick replacement of the tread or its section with damaged tears 5. The degree of wear of the tears 5 depends on the location of the tears. For example, in the middle part and in the region of the 1st redan, the tread wear will be greater than behind the redan or in the bow of the soft float.

In a preferred embodiment, the tear-offs 5 in cross section are made in the form of a triangle, the length L of the base of which exceeds the height h by 2 ... 4 times, and are arranged with a step t increasing from the stern 6, 7 to the bow of the corresponding air shell 2, 3, 4 (Fig. .1, 4, 5). The lower pneumatic shell 2 is equipped with longitudinal edans 8, installed at least 1/3 of the perimeter of the cross section of the pneumatic shell 2 (Fig.1, 3, 6). In this case, the torn 5 are installed between the longitudinal edans 8.

The lower surface of the soft float with a transverse redane operates as follows.

When moving along the surface of the water, the stalls 5 provide turbulence of the boundary layer on the wetted surface of the float, which reduces the thickness of the boundary layer and the hydrodynamic resistance of the soft float. The decrease in the static component of the total pressure behind the crest of the stall 5 when driving at high speeds leads to the suction of air into the area behind the crest of the stall 5. The placement of the stalls 5 by no less than 1/3 of the perimeter of the cross section of the corresponding pneumatic shell promotes the suction of air into the area behind the crest of the stall 5. As a result, a water-air mixture is formed behind the crest of the stall 5, which leads to a decrease in the hydrodynamic resistance of the soft float. In this case, as you approach the stern, the thickness of the boundary layer increases, and therefore the step of installing the stalls must be reduced.

The overlying pneumatic shells 3, 4 come into contact with water after the transverse redan, therefore, it is advisable to reduce the step t of installing the tear bars 5 as the underlying pneumatic shell 2 is removed from the stern 6. In addition, the cavity between the profiled lower parts of the upstream pneumatic shells 3, 4 and the stern 6 of the lower pneumatic shell 2 (which is a redan), air is sucked along the crest of the stalls 5. As a result, the profiled lower part of the overlying pneumatic shells 3, 4 of the soft float is washed with a water-air mixture, while the presence of tearing 5 increases the air intake, which reduces the hydrodynamic resistance of the overlying pneumatic shells 3, 4 and, therefore, the soft float.

The placement of stalls 5 at an angle to the longitudinal axis with the apex directed towards the stern 6, 7 of the corresponding air shell 2, 3, 4 creates an additional hydrodynamic lifting force, which, along with a decrease in hydrodynamic resistance, leads to an increase in the hydrodynamic quality of the soft float.

The level of disclosure of the bottom surface of the soft float with a transverse redane is sufficient for the implementation of the invention in industry with the achievement of the claimed technical result.

The description of the invention:

1 - pneumocylinder;

2 - lower pneumatic shell of the soft float;

3 - overlying pneumatic shell of the soft float;

4 - overlying pneumatic shell of the soft float;

5 - a tear;

6 - feed the lower air shell 2;

7 - feed overlying pneumatic shell 3, 4;

8 - longitudinal edan.

Claims (6)

1. The profiled lower part of the soft float with a transverse redan formed by pneumocylinders enclosed in a pneumatic envelope, on the lower part of which are torn, characterized in that the soft float contains at least three pneumatic envelopes, the underlying pneumatic envelopes are made shorter than the overlying ones at the same time, on the lower surface of the underlying pneumatic envelope, the tearing strips are installed along the entire length, and on the overlying pneumatic envelope, the tearing strips are installed on the parts protruding from the stern adjacent x underlying pnevmoobolochek. 2. The profiled lower part of the soft float with a transverse redan according to claim 1, characterized in that the tears are installed with a step equal to 10 ... 20 tear heights and decreasing as you approach the stern of the corresponding pneumatic shell of the soft float. 3. The profiled lower part of the soft float with a transverse redan according to claim 1, characterized in that the tear bars are profiled in cross section in the shape of a triangle with a base equal to 2 ... 4 values of its height. 4. The profiled lower part of the soft float with a transverse redan according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the tear-offs are placed at an angle of 30 ° ... 45 ° to the longitudinal axis and are oriented with their apex toward the stern of the corresponding pneumatic shell of the soft float. 5. The profiled lower part of the soft float with a transverse redan according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the tears are placed at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the air shell, uniformly decreasing from 30 ° ... 45 ° in the stern to 15 ° in the bow of the corresponding air shells. 6. The profiled lower part of the soft float with a transverse redan according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the lower part of the soft floats is equipped with longitudinal redans located along the longitudinal axis of the corresponding air shells by at least 1/3 of the perimeter of the cross section of the air shell of the soft float , and tombs are located between the longitudinal edans.

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