RU2441172C1 - Pontoon tidal power plant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity. ^ SUBSTANCE: pontoon tidal power plant comprises pontoon vertical cylindrical shells (1), generators, water intake and discharge pipes (20), a system of ropes (8) and anchors (9). Shells (1) are installed with a gap between adjacent shells along a longitudinal line, perpendicular to direction of tide (4). In the middle part of pontoon shells (1) at both sides there are ropes (8) fixed as connected to anchors (9). In the pontoon vertical cylindrical shell (1) there is a water-receiving (10) and dry (11) chambers concentrically arranged. The water-receiving chamber (10) is divided by a partition (12) into sections. In each section there are outlet nozzles (13), a perforated flow distributor (14), a central perforated riser (16), an inlet nozzle (19) of a discharge pipe (20). Outlet nozzles (13) are installed tangentially for flow swirling. The flow distributor (14) is made as a truncated cone with an open upper base and a lower base (15) closed by a wall. The perforated riser (16) is made in the form of a pipe. The lower hole (17) of the pipe is opened, and the upper one is connected to a fish-discharge pipe (18). A dotted line (26) shows position of the pontoon vertical cylindrical shell (1) at the maximum level of water in the sea. ^ EFFECT: exclusion of fish passage via working elements of generators provides for higher efficiency of fish protection. ^ 4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of marine hydraulic engineering and is intended to convert the energy of sea currents (ebbs and flows) into electrical energy, taking into account the conservation of fish.

A floating tidal power plant is known, including a vertically floating casing column with a supporting inclined beam, one end of which is pivotally attached to the column and the other to the bottom plate, the column is mounted for rotation around the vertical axis of the bottom plate and has several double-sided horizontal consoles in height, on the ends of which are installed generators with open blades (rotors), the rotation of the column allows the power plant to be operated at high and low tides, due to the automatic installation of the rotor in response to the flow of the stream into the sea (V. Chumakov. Surge. The magazine "Around the World", No. 3 (2822) March 2009, p. 78-82).

The disadvantages of the analogue are the complex and unstable construction of the column during a storm and bulky low-speed open rotors that can injure fish.

Closest to the proposed invention is a floating wave power plant, including several floating vertical cylindrical shells, in each of which generators are placed, the working bodies of which are placed in vertical intake pipes, which are attached to the side surface of the shell, the lower end of which with a system of cables and anchors attached to the bottom of the sea (patent NO, No. 151479, F03B 13/12, publ. 04/17/1985).

The disadvantage of the floating wave power plant is that during the passage through the working bodies of the generators, the fish gets injured and dies.

The technical result to which the claimed invention is directed is to improve the design of the power plant in order to increase its efficiency in protecting fish by eliminating their passage through the working bodies of generators.

To achieve the specified technical result in a floating tidal power plant, including more than two vertical vertical cylindrical shells, generators, water intake and branch pipes, a cable and anchor system, vertical vertical cylindrical shells are installed with a gap between the adjacent vertical vertical cylindrical shells on the sea shelf along the longitudinal line perpendicular to the direction of the tide, vertical vertical cylindrical shells are connected by a cable with strung on shock absorbers, each vertical vertical cylindrical shell is equipped with a water intake chamber concentrically located in the center of this shell, in which the outlet pipes of the water intake pipes, the perforated flow distributor, the central perforated riser of the fish outlet pipe and the inlet pipes of the outlet pipes are placed, and the outlet pipes of the outlet pipes and from placed in the gap between adjacent floating vertical cylindrical shells.

In addition, the claimed solution has optional features characterizing its particular cases, namely:

- the shock absorber is made in the form of a package of used car tires;

- the perforated flow distributor is made in the form of a truncated cone with an upper open and lower base, closed by a wall;

- the central perforated riser is made in the form of a pipe with an open lower hole, and the upper hole is connected to the fish outlet pipe.

Distinctive features of the proposed device from the prototype closest to it is that the floating vertical cylindrical shells are installed with a gap between adjacent floating vertical cylindrical shells on the sea shelf along a longitudinal line perpendicular to the direction of the tide, the floating vertical cylindrical shells are connected by a cable with strung on it shock absorbers, each floating vertical cylindrical shell is equipped with a water intake chamber, concentrically placed in the center of this shell, in which the outlet branch pipes of the water intake pipes, the perforated flow distributor, the central perforated riser of the fish outlet pipe and the inlet pipes of the outlet pipes are located, the outlet pipes of the fish outlet and outlet pipes are placed in the gap between adjacent vertical floating shells.

Due to the presence of these signs, the use of this device can increase the efficiency of fish protection by eliminating their passage through the working bodies of generators.

The proposed floating tidal power plant is illustrated by the drawings shown in figures 1-3.

Figure 1 shows in plan a floating tidal power plant.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of a vertical vertical cylindrical shell.

Figure 3 is a cross section of a vertical vertical cylindrical shell.

The floating tidal power plant contains vertical vertical cylindrical shells 1, adjacent of which are installed with a gap 2 along the longitudinal line 3, perpendicular to the tide direction 4. The adjacent vertical vertical cylindrical shells 1 are connected at the top and bottom along the longitudinal line 3 by cables 5, on which are strung shock absorbers 6, made in the form of a package of used car tires. On the transverse line 7, on both sides of the vertical vertical cylindrical shells 1, in their middle part, cables 8 are attached, connected to the anchors 9. In the vertical vertical cylindrical shell 1, the chambers are concentrically arranged: water inlet 10 and dry 11. Water inlet chamber 10 is divided by a partition 12 into sections , for example, one or more (figure 2). In each section of the water intake chamber 10 there are output nozzles 13 installed tangentially to swirl the flow; a perforated flow distributor 14, made in the form of a truncated cone with an open upper and closed wall 15 lower base; the Central perforated riser 16, made in the form of a pipe with an open bottom hole 17, and the upper is connected to the fish outlet pipe 18; the inlet pipe 19 of the outlet pipe 20. In the dry chamber 11, water intake pipes 21 are placed, the inlet openings 22 of which are placed on both sides of the floating vertical cylindrical shell 1 along the transverse line 7; generators 23, the working bodies of which are located in the outlet pipes 20. The outlet openings 24 of the fish outlet pipes 18 and the outlet openings 25 of the outlet pipes 20 are placed on both sides of the floating vertical cylindrical shell 1 along the longitudinal line 3 and communicate with the sea in the gap 2, where pressure due to increased flow rates. The dashed line 26 shows the position of the floating vertical cylindrical shell 1 at the maximum water level in the sea.

The work of the floating tidal power plant is as follows.

The work of the floating tidal power station is carried out during the ebb and flow, and the only difference is that the sea water during the tide flows to the right into the inlet openings 22 of the intake pipes 21, and when the ebb flows to the left. Sea water flows around the vertical cylindrical shells 1 installed along the longitudinal line 3, and then passes through the gap 2 between adjacent floating vertical cylindrical shells 1. The gap 2 is formed by cables 5 (above and below), on which shock absorbers are strung 6. The vertical cylindrical shells 1 are held along the longitudinal line 3 with the help of ropes 8 and anchors 9. At the maximum water level, the floating vertical cylindrical shells 1 float to the position shown by dashed line 26 (FIG. 2).

Consider the operation of the power plant at high tide 4. When the flow flows around the overlaid vertical cylindrical shell 1 along the transverse line 7, there is an increased pressure at the entrance of the stream to the inlet 22, and when the stream exits the outlet 25 of the outlet pipe 20 in the gap 2 there is a reduced pressure behind account of increased speeds. Under the influence of this pressure differential, a flow flow occurs in the outlet pipe 20 and the intake pipe 21.

The stream with the fish, passing through the outlet pipe 13, is twisted clockwise in the water intake chamber 10, which is divided by a partition 12 into sections (one or more). Since the density of the fish is less than the density of water, the fish, under the influence of centripetal forces on its body, will shift to the center of the water intake chamber 10 and enter with a part of the stream (fish drain rate not more than 5% of the water intake rate) through the openings of the central perforated riser 16 through the open the lower hole 17 and further along the fish outlet pipe 18 bypassing the outlet 24 back to the sea. In the fish outlet pipe 18, a flow occurs due to the pressure drop in the water intake chamber 10 and at sea (in the gap 2).

The main stream without fish passes through the holes of the perforated flow distributor 14, the lower base of which is closed by the wall 15, and enters the inlet pipe 19 of the outlet tube 20, passes to the working body of the generator 23 installed in the dry chamber 11, rotates it and then bypasses the outlet 25 goes to sea (in gap 2). Thus, the generator 23 generates electrical energy.

At low tide, seawater is drawn through inlets 22 located on the left side, and the process is repeated.

The introduction of the proposed tidal power plant allows you to receive electrical energy from sea currents and operate the station without injuring the fish, while maintaining its vital activity.

Claims (4)

1. Floating tidal power plant, including more than two floating vertical cylindrical shells, generators, water intake and branch pipes, a system of cables and anchors, characterized in that the floating vertical cylindrical shells are installed with a gap between adjacent floating vertical cylindrical shells on the sea shelf along the longitudinal lines perpendicular to the direction of the tide, vertical vertical cylindrical shells are connected by a cable with shock absorbers strung on it, each the explicit vertical cylindrical shell is equipped with a water intake chamber concentrically located in the center of this shell, in which the outlet pipes of the water intake pipes, the perforated flow distributor, the central perforated riser of the fish outlet pipe and the inlet pipes of the outlet pipes are placed, and the outlet pipes of the fish outlet and outlet pipes are placed in the gap between adjacent floating vertical cylindrical shells. 2. The floating tidal power station according to claim 1, characterized in that the shock absorber is made in the form of a package of used car tires. 3. The floating tidal power station according to claim 1, characterized in that the perforated flow distributor is made in the form of a truncated cone with an upper open and lower base, a closed wall. 4. The floating tidal power station according to claim 1, characterized in that the central perforated riser is made in the form of a pipe with an open lower hole, and the upper hole is connected to the fish outlet pipe.

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