JP2012193676A - Aquatic power plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an aquatic power plant with high power generating efficiency that can stably obtain a power generation amount above a predetermined one regardless of a wave and weather condition in a sea or fresh-water area.SOLUTION: An aquatic power plant 1 rotates water wheels 16 by using a water level difference between water in a pool 6 that enters into an upper pool 6a through an opening 3a by running up an inclined surface 3b inclined upwardly from a peripheral part under the water to a center part and partitioned by convergence levees 11 or is introduced into the upper pool 6a from water intake ports 21 formed in the inclined surface 3b, and water outside a body 10, thereby making a power generator 12 generate power.

Description

  The present invention relates to a hydroelectric generator that mounts a water turbine, a generator, and a wind power generator on a main body that floats on the surface of the water, and generates power using river water currents, ocean currents, tidal currents, tides, wave power, wind power, etc. About.

  Traditionally, global warming and various destruction of the global environment have been screamed, but these problems have become increasingly serious in recent years. These are also said to be closely related to the problem of carbon dioxide emissions from the use of fossil energy resources. The fossil energy resource also has other problems such as a quantitative problem of the energy resource itself, such as depletion. While energy conservation and resource conservation are screamed for these problems, early introduction and early commercialization of clean natural energy that does not emit carbon dioxide has become a global issue.

  In addition, electric energy is supplied by nuclear power generation. Problems related to the use of nuclear power include radioactive leakage accidents that can occur due to aging of nuclear reactors such as nuclear power plants, earthquakes, natural disasters, and human disasters. There is. As is well known, radioactivity has a great negative impact on the ecological environment, and when a radioactivity leakage accident occurs, there is a great negative impact on the living environment of local residents, and there is a risk that the damage will be enormous.

  Therefore, when attention is paid to the use of natural energy, for example, in river water in the vicinity of an estuary where the flow of water is relatively slow, there is relatively large flow energy in the flow of water. Therefore, if this can be utilized for human life by using very simple means such as a conical floating body, a great effect can be obtained in reducing carbon dioxide.

  In the ocean, it is possible to live on uninhabited islands where people can not live, such as the Senkaku Islands, Okinotorishima, Takeshima, Ogasawara Islands, etc., and increase the possibility of fishing and sightseeing. In order to do so, transportation costs such as oil to remote islands and energy resource saving are required. In addition, it is necessary to use marine energy resources effectively in order to improve the life and convenience of islanders by expanding tourism, fisheries, etc. on remote islands, or to decentralize people's wide-area activities and urban population. There is.

  Wave energy utilization already proposed in Patent Document 1 by the present inventor as utilizing ocean energy resources such as ocean wave energy, wind energy, sunlight, ocean currents, tidal waves, etc., wave energy in lakes and rivers, water stream energy, etc. There is a device. That is, the wave energy utilization device 1 has an inclined surface 3b inclined upward from the peripheral edge on the lower end side of the water surface toward the central portion, and has a main body 10 having an opening 3a at the central portion, and the inclined surface 3b of the main body 10 A converging ridge 11 for converging waves, which is provided in a radial manner on the inclined surface 3b from the center toward the peripheral edge on the lower end side, and a communication portion 15 provided below the opening 3a and communicating with the underwater side. It has a pool, a water wheel 16 disposed in the communication part 15, and a generator 18 that generates electricity in conjunction with the rotation of the water wheel 16, and floats the main body 10 on the water surface so that the center part is above the water surface. Water that enters the pool of the main body 10 from the center with the movement, and the water level of the water that has entered the pool from the opening 3a by going up the inclined surface 3b partitioned by the converging dam 11 To the water level difference with the water level outside the body 10 The water wheel 16 is rotated I, in which power is generated to the generator 18.

Japanese Patent No. 4628844

  However, the state of waves and water currents on the ocean, lakes and rivers vary. For this reason, even when these states are not preferable for power generation, further improvement in power generation efficiency has been demanded in order to obtain a power generation amount that exceeds a predetermined level.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to such problems of the conventional technology, so that a predetermined amount of power generation can be stably obtained regardless of the state of waves, weather, etc. in sea areas and fresh water areas. An object of the present invention is to provide a water power generator capable of increasing power generation efficiency.

The gist of the present invention for achieving the object lies in the inventions of the following items. [1] A main body (10) having an inclined surface (3b) inclined upward from a peripheral edge under the water surface toward the center, and having an opening (3a) in the center, and the outside of the main body (10) The pool (6) provided below the opening (3a) for taking in water entering from the center, and the inclined surface (3b) of the main body (10) on the inclined surface (3b) from the central portion A converging ridge (11) for converging waves, erected radially toward the peripheral edge on the lower end side, and floating the main body (10) on the water surface so that the central portion is on the water surface. In the water power generation device (1) that generates power using water entering from the outside of the main body (10) with the movement of
The pool (6) is divided into an upper pool (6a) and a lower pool (6b). The upper pool (6a) is open on the opening (3a) side, and the upper pool (6a) A communication part (15) communicating with the lower pool (6b);
An intake channel (22) for communicating water from the water intake (21) provided on the inclined surface (3b) to the upper pool (6a) and taking water outside the main body (10) into the upper pool (6a). When,
A drainage channel (32) communicates from the drainage port (31) provided on the inclined surface (3b) to the lower pool (6b) and drains the water of the lower pool (6b) to the outside of the main body (10). )When,
A water wheel (16) disposed in the communication part (15);
A generator (12) for generating electricity in conjunction with the rotation of the water wheel (16),
The slope (3b) partitioned by the converging levee (11) is run up to enter the upper pool (6a) from the opening (3a), or from the intake (21) to the upper pool ( 6a) rotating the water wheel (16) according to the water level difference between the water level in the pool (6) taken into the pool and the water level outside the main body, and causing the generator (12) to generate power. A water power generator (1) characterized by the above.

[2] The main body (10) includes a weight (50) attached to a lower end portion of a support portion (40) extending downward from a central portion of the main body (10),
The weight (50) has a resistance surface extending orthogonally to the center line direction of the main body, keeps the center line direction of the main body (10) substantially vertical, and the main body ( 10. The hydroelectric generator (1) according to item 1, wherein the vertical movement of 10) is reduced.

[3] A wind turbine generator that has a wind turbine (402) that rotates by receiving wind from a support (401) that extends upward from the upper portion of the main body (10), and that generates power by the rotation of the wind turbine (402). Item 3. A hydroelectric generator (1) according to Item 2, comprising (400).

[4] The support (40) to which the weight (50) is attached is provided so as to be displaceable in the vertical direction,
The hydroelectric generator (1) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the weight (50) is provided so that the vertical position can be changed by displacing the support portion (40) in the vertical direction.

[5] The support portion (40) has a multistage shape that can be expanded and contracted below the center portion of the main body (10).
The hydroelectric generator (1) according to claim 4, wherein the weight (50) is attached to a lower end portion of the support portion (40).

[6] The hydroelectric generator (1) according to any one of items 2 to 5, wherein the weight (50) includes a hollow buoyancy chamber (51) capable of storing water therein.

[7] A skirt (5) that can be suspended from the periphery of the main body (10),
The lower part of the skirt (5) and the weight (50) are connected to reinforce the strength of the structure formed by the main body (10) and the weight (50). The hydroelectric generator (1) according to one item.

[8] The intake channel (22) is provided with check means (23) for preventing the water taken into the upper pool (6a) from flowing back to the outside of the main body (10).
The drainage channel (32) is provided with entry preventing means (33) for preventing water outside the main body (10) from entering the lower pool (6b). To 7. The water power generator (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

[9] A set of the intake channel (22) and the drainage channel (32) arranged in parallel is set as one set, and a plurality of sets of the intake channel (22) and the drainage channel (32) are arranged on the entire inclined surface (3b). Item 9. The hydroelectric generator (1) according to any one of Items 1 to 8, which is disposed over the circumference.

The present invention operates as follows.
The surface power generation device (1) mooring the main body (10) by the mooring chain (2) of the mooring device installed on the bottom of the water area (sea floor) such as oceans, lakes, and rivers, and floating on the water surface. . The waves (W) and water flow that approached the water power generator (1) ride on the inclined surface (3b) of the main body (10) partitioned by the converging dam (11), and center on the inclined surface (3b). Head toward the opening (3a).

  Since the distance between the adjacent converging ridges (11) is narrower toward the center, waves such as waves, river currents, ocean currents, tides, and tides on the inclined surface (3b) are inclined surfaces ( 3b) As it approaches the center, the wave height and the mountain of water current increase. It falls into the upper pool (6a) from the opening (3a) when the wave height and the mountain of the water flow become the largest.

  Waves and water flow enter the upper pool (6a) from the opening (3a) and enter the intake channel (22) from the intake (21) provided on the inclined surface (3b) of the main body (10). Flow into (6a). For this reason, the upper pool (6a), even under conditions where the waves are not so high as to go up the slope (3b) to the opening (3a) or the water flow is not strong enough to go up the slope (3b) to the opening (3a). Water can be taken in.

  The water that entered the upper pool (6a) is divided into the upper pool (6a) and the lower pool (6b) due to the difference in water level between the water level that went up the inclined surface (3b) and the water level outside the main body (10). The water wheel (16) disposed in the communication portion (15) communicating with the water is rotated. When the water turbine (16) rotates, the generator (12) linked to the water turbine (16) generates power.

  The water which rotated the water turbine (16) flows into the lower pool (6b) connected by the communication part (15). Water entering the lower pool (6b) is pushed by the water entering from the upper pool (6a), passes through the drainage channel (32), and from the drainage port (31) provided on the inclined surface (3b) ( It drains out of 10).

  The intake channel (22) is provided with a check means (23) for preventing the water taken into the upper pool (6a) from flowing back to the outside of the main body (10), and the drainage channel (32). Is provided with an entry prevention means (33) for preventing water outside the main body (10) from entering the lower pool (6b), so that backflow is prevented in each water channel (22, 32). Therefore, it is possible to generate power more efficiently.

  In addition, the intake channel (22) and the drainage channel (32) are set as a set, and a plurality of sets of the intake channel (22) and the drainage channel (32) are arranged at substantially equal intervals over the entire circumference of the inclined surface (3b). It is desirable to install. Thereby, regardless of the direction of the main body (10) with respect to the direction of the incoming wave or the direction of the water flow, the wave or the water flow can be used efficiently.

  A weight (50) is attached to the lower end of the support portion (40) extending downward from the center of the main body (10), and the weight (50) is orthogonal to the center line direction of the main body (10). With a resistance surface that spreads out, the center line direction of the main body (10) can be kept almost vertical even when receiving waves, and the vertical movement of the main body (10) is reduced by the resistance of the resistance surface to water. So that stable power generation can be performed.

  Further, a wind turbine (402) that rotates by receiving wind is provided on a support (401) that extends upward from the upper portion of the main body (10), and a wind power generator (400) that generates power by the rotation of the wind turbine (402) is provided. In addition to power generation by hydropower, power generation using wind power can be performed, so that a larger amount of power generation can be obtained. Further, the vertical center line of the apparatus main body (10) is maintained almost vertical by the action of the weight (50) as described above, and the vertical movement is made by utilizing the resistance of water by the resistance surface of the weight (50). The wind turbine (402) of the wind power generator (400) can be rotated safely and smoothly because the support (401) that supports the wind power generator (400) is maintained substantially vertical. Power generation efficiency increases. Furthermore, destruction and failure of the water power generator (1) can be prevented.

  In addition, if the support portion (40) to which the weight (50) is attached is displaceable in the vertical direction, the weight (50) should be displaced upward when the water power generator (1) is moved. Can be easily moved even in shallow water, and the balance of the entire hydroelectric generator (1) can be adjusted, so that the hydroelectric generator (1) can be safely towed and operated. .

  In addition, in the case where the weight (50) is provided with a hollow buoyancy chamber (51) capable of storing water therein, by emptying the buoyancy chamber (51) or storing an arbitrary amount of water, The balance of the entire hydroelectric generator (1) can be adjusted better.

  Further, in the case where a skirt (5) that can be suspended from the periphery of the main body (10) is provided and the lower part of the skirt (5) and the weight (50) are connected, the main body (10) and the weight (50) The strength of the structure formed by can be reinforced.

  According to the water power generator according to the present invention, water is taken into the pool not only from the water level outside the main body floating on the water surface and the opening at the upper end of the inclined surface of the main body, but also from the water intake provided on the inclined surface, Since the turbine is rotated by the difference in water level from the water level in the pool and the generator is driven by the rotational force to generate power, the power generation efficiency is increased and a predetermined amount of power generation can be stably obtained.

  Further, in the case where a weight is attached to the lower end portion of the support portion extending downward from the center portion of the apparatus main body, and a resistance surface extending perpendicular to the center line direction of the main body is provided on the weight, the water power generator Therefore, the vertical movement of the water power generator can be reduced, so that stable power generation can be performed.

  Furthermore, with a weight that can be displaced in the vertical direction, the stability and balance during operation can be adjusted to prevent overturning due to wind pressure during towing, etc. It is possible to tow and drive safely.

  In addition, by providing a buoyancy chamber inside the weight provided at the lower part of the water power generator, the work can be facilitated when adjusting the position of the weight and the weight support portion, and adjusting the length of the support portion.

  In addition, by storing a large amount of water in the pool, it is related to the natural frequency, natural period, etc. of the device, suppressing sudden vibration and vertical movement of the water In order to prevent vibration and vertical movement of the power generation device, the wind power generation device can be operated efficiently.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the water power generator concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view which shows the main body of the water power generator concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is an expanded longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the main body of the water power generator of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the case where the surface power generator of FIG. 1 is installed in a flowing water area. FIG. 5 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a main body in the water power generator of FIG. 4. It is a figure explaining the structure of the support part to which the weight in FIG. 1 is attached. It is a circuit diagram which shows an example of the circuit for controlling the generator in FIG. It is a circuit diagram which shows another example of the circuit for controlling the generator in FIG.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 to 8 show an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a configuration of a surface power generation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and shows a case where the apparatus is disposed in a water area with waves. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the main body of the water power generation apparatus of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing the main body of the water power generation apparatus of FIG.

  The hydroelectric generator 1 is installed in a water area with water such as the sea, lakes, and rivers, and effectively uses energy such as water flow such as rivers, ocean currents, tidal currents, tides, and waves and wind power. In addition, the vertical movement of the main body 10 can be restricted, and power generation, vertical exchange of water, wave extinction, and the like can be performed. In the following description, the surface power generator 1 is described as being used in the sea.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in the hydroelectric generator 1 according to the present invention, the main body 10 is moored by the mooring chain 2 from the water bottom SG and floats on the water surface S. The buoyancy of the main body 10 floating on the water surface S is adjusted so that the center portion protrudes upward from the water surface S. As will be described later, an opening 3a into which water enters is formed at the center. The main body 10 has a plate-like inclined portion 3 having an inclined surface 3b inclined downward from the opening 3a, and the lower peripheral edge of the inclined portion 3 is configured to be below the water surface.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the main body 10 has a substantially regular polygon formed by a plurality of sides having substantially equal lengths at the lower end periphery of the inclined portion 3 when viewed from above. The shape seen from above is not limited to a polygon, but may be a circle or an ellipse.

  A plate-shaped converging ridge 11 extending radially from the substantially central portion of the hydroelectric generator 1, that is, from the periphery of the opening 3 a, extending radially on the inclined surface 3 b toward the peripheral edge of the lower end of the inclined portion 3. ing. The height of the upper edge of the converging dam 11 does not change from the opening 3a side to the lower edge peripheral side of the inclined portion 3. In other words, the height from the inclined surface 3b of the inclined portion 3 to the upper edge of the converging levee 11 decreases as the inclined surface 3b decreases from the opening 3a side toward the peripheral edge of the lower end. The height is up. A buoyancy chamber (not shown) for providing buoyancy to the hydroelectric generator 1 is formed inside the converging dam 11.

  A balance floating body B is attached to each end of the inclined portion 3 on the peripheral edge side of the lower end of each of the converging dams 11 erected on the inclined surface 3 b of the inclined portion 3. This balance floating body B is for giving buoyancy to the water power generator 1. Therefore, depending on the buoyancy of the balance float B, the buoyancy chamber inside the converging dam 11 may be made somewhat small.

  The balance floating body B is set such that about half of the balance floats out on the water surface S and the other half is submerged under the water surface S. Thereby, even if a big wave etc. generate | occur | produce in an installation water area, it can prevent that the surface power generator 1 falls. Further, the balance floating body B also plays a role of a shock absorber when colliding with a ship or the like.

  A skirt 5 is attached to the periphery of the main body 10 over the entire hydroelectric generator 1 so as to surround the main body 10. The skirt 5 is composed of a grid framed frame and a mesh-like wire mesh or plastic mesh covering each lattice, and is movable up and down or detachable. The skirt 5 can be lifted upward or removed so that it does not get in the way when the water power generator 1 is transported.

  The skirt 5 is suspended in the water from the side wall 4 of the main body 10 when the apparatus is in operation, so that the stability of the main body 10 can be improved by suppressing oscillation, vibration, inclination, etc. due to waves. Moreover, since the wave which is going to pass through the mesh | network of the skirt 5 can be wave-dissipated, the wave-dissipating effect by the water power generator 1 whole etc. can be improved. As an example of the wave extinction by the surface power generator 1, there is a wave extinction formed by repetition of wave convergence, wave action, wave breaking phenomenon, and the like that goes up the inclined surface 3b of the inclined portion 3 on the wave arrival side.

  Further, since the skirt 5 has a mesh shape, the movement of water particles of waves moving outside prevents the water particles from entering the lower part of the hydroelectric generator 1, and the movement of water particles passes through the mesh. By doing so, it is possible to change the motion of the water particles to quench the wave and improve the water flow.

A weight 50 may be provided below the skirt 5 in order to improve the stability of the posture of the water power generator 1.
In addition, the mesh of the skirt 5 has a function of facilitating the attachment of organisms in seawater, and also has an effect of floating fishing reef.

  Inside the skirt 5 is disposed a pool 6 positioned below an opening 3 a provided at the center of the main body 10. The pool 6 is disposed substantially concentrically with the opening 3a, and is divided into an upper pool 6a and a lower pool 6b by an insole 8a. The upper pool 6a is open on the opening 3a side. The upper pool 6a and the lower pool 6b communicate with each other through a plurality of communicating portions 15 provided. Inside each of the plurality of communication portions 15, a water turbine 16 for driving a generator 12 described later is disposed.

  The bottom plate 8b of the pool 6 is preferably formed in a conical shape that decreases toward the center of the pool 6 so as to reduce the wave force and the lifting pressure of the wave coming from below the wind power generator 1. A buoyancy chamber 9 is formed outside the pool side wall of the pool 6 so as to surround the pool side wall. The buoyancy chamber 9 is formed as a sealable space by the pool side wall, the back surface of the inclined surface 3b of the inclined portion 3, and the partition wall 9a. Since the ballast water for adjusting buoyancy flows in and out of the buoyancy chamber 9, there are provided a nozzle, a ventilation pipe, a pump device, a device for controlling the rise and fall of the device depending on the size of waves, and the like.

  The inclined surface 3 b is provided with a water intake 21, and a water intake path 22 communicating from the water intake 21 to the upper pool 6 a is provided. This intake channel 22 is a water channel for taking water outside the main body 10 into the upper pool 6a. In the vicinity of the upper pool 6 a of the intake channel 22, check means 23 for preventing the water taken into the upper pool 6 a from flowing back to the outside of the main body 10 is disposed.

  The check means 23 may be a check valve, but as a simpler structure, a plate-like body that can block the intake passage 22 is placed closer to the intake port 21 than the intake passage 22 is closed. It may be attached so as not to swing. The attachment position of the check means 23 is not limited to the vicinity of the upper pool 6 a of the intake channel 22, but may be a position that can prevent the water taken into the upper pool 6 a from flowing backward to the outside of the main body 10.

  Further, the inclined surface 3 b is provided with a drain port 31 along with the water intake port 21. A drainage channel 32 communicating from the drainage port 31 to the lower pool 6b is provided. This drainage channel 32 is a drainage channel for draining the water of the lower pool 6 b to the outside of the main body 10. In the vicinity of the drain outlet 31 of the drainage channel 32, an entry prevention means 33 for preventing water outside the main body 10 from entering the lower pool 6b is disposed.

  The intrusion prevention means 33 may be a check valve, but as a simpler structure, the plate-like body that can block the drainage channel 32 is disposed closer to the drainage channel 32 than the position where the drainage channel 32 is blocked. It may be attached so as not to swing. In addition, the attachment position of the approach prevention means 33 is not restricted to the vicinity of the drain outlet 31 of the drainage channel 32, What is necessary is just a position which can prevent the water outside the main body 10 entering the lower pool 6b.

  The intake channel 22 and the drainage channel 32 are preferably set as a set, and a plurality of sets of the intake channel 22 and the drainage channel 32 are arranged at substantially equal intervals over the entire circumference of the inclined surface 3b. For example, one set is provided for each inclined surface 3b defined by two adjacent converging banks 11. Note that a set of intake channel 22 and drain channel 32 may be arranged not for each inclined surface 3b defined by the converging embankment 11, but for every other defined inclined surface 3b. You may leave more than one set. That is, it should just arrange | position at substantially equal intervals.

  As a result, when installing the water power generator 1 on the water, the power generation efficiency is the same regardless of the direction in which the water power generator 1 is installed without considering the direction of waves and the direction of water flow. can do.

  As described above, the water turbine 16 for driving the generator 12 using the water flowing from the upper pool 6a to the lower pool 6b in the communication portion 15 is disposed in the communication portion 15. The water turbine 16 extends so that the rotation shaft 17 is concentric with the center of the communication portion 15. A transmission (not shown) is connected to the upper portion of the rotating shaft 17 of the water turbine 16, and the generator 12 is connected via the transmission.

  An open / close valve (not shown) is provided in the communication portion 15 at a portion downstream of the water turbine 16. By closing this on-off valve, the flow of water from the upper pool 6a to the lower pool 6b can be stopped to prevent the water turbine 16 from rotating.

7 and 8 are circuit diagrams illustrating different forms of a circuit for controlling the generator 12.
The generator 12 can control the number of rotations by a circuit illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8.

  7 shows that the generator 12 can be selectively connected to a plurality of resistors having different resistance values, and the one shown in FIG. 8 is selected for a plurality of storage battery units having different capacities. It is designed to be able to connect to one. In FIG. 8, it is illustrated as what can alternatively be selected into the storage battery part which consists of one storage battery, the storage battery part which consists of two storage batteries, and the storage battery part which consists of three storage batteries.

  The generator 12 connected to the circuit shown in FIG. 7 or FIG. 8 adjusts the number of rotations by load control that changes the generated voltage, current, etc., as the storage battery unit and resistance value are changed alternatively. Can be controlled. Therefore, the rotation speed of the water turbine 16 interlocked with the generator 12 can be controlled.

  Thus, by controlling the rotation of the water turbine 16 linked to the generator 12, the amount of water discharged from the pool 6 can be controlled to some extent. The rotation control of the generator 12 is separate control from the ballast tank provided in the apparatus main body 10 and the ballast water taken in and out, but may be coordinated control with them.

  A support column 401 is provided at the upper portion of the main body 10 of the hydroelectric generator 1 so as to center on a virtual center line extending in the vertical direction at the center of the main body 10. In other words, the support column 401 extends substantially vertically upward from the center of the main body 10.

  A wind power generator 400 is provided at the upper end of the column 401. The wind power generator 400 includes a windmill 402 and generates power by the rotation of the windmill 402.

  The main body 10 is provided with a support portion 40 that penetrates the pool 6 at the center. The support portion 40 has a multistage shape that can be expanded and contracted in the vertical direction, and a weight 50 is attached to the lowermost end. The support part 40 illustrated in FIG. 6 is configured in four stages.

  The support portion 40 is composed of three support tubes 410, 420, and 430 that are concentric and have different diameters, and a support rod 440. The support tubes 410, 420, and 430 are an outermost support tube 410, a support tube 420 that can be stored inside the support tube 410, and a support tube 430 that can be stored inside the support tube 420. Inside the support tube 430, a support bar 440 having a weight 50 attached to the lower end is accommodated so as to be able to appear and retract. The support tubes 410, 420, 430 and the support rod 440 constituting the support portion 40 do not have to have a circular cross section, and may be polygonal or elliptical.

  The outermost support tube 410 passes through the center of the pool 6 and is fixed to the middle bottom 8 a and the bottom 8 b of the pool 6. A flange 411 is provided at the upper part of the support tube 410, and a flange 412 is provided at the lower part.

  The support tube 420 is provided with a sleeve 423 and a flange 421 at the top, and a flange 422 at the bottom. A sleeve 433 is provided in the upper part of the support tube 430, and a flange 432 is provided in the lower part. A sleeve 443 is provided at the upper part of the support bar 440, and a flange 442 is provided at the lower part.

  The support tubes 410, 420, 430 and the support rod 440 can slide with the sleeves 423, 433, 443. In addition, the sizes of the flanges 411, 412, 421, 422, 432, and 442 are appropriately set so that each of the flanges 411, 412, 421, 422, 432, and 442 does not drop out or fall upward. The support portion 40 configured as described above can displace the support tubes 410, 420, and 430 and the support rod 440 so as to extend and contract in the vertical direction.

  A buoyancy chamber 51 is provided inside the weight 50 attached to the lower portion of the support rod 440, and by changing the amount of water and air in the weight 50 by taking water and air into and out of the buoyancy chamber 51, The adjustment work of the upper and lower positions of the weight 50 can be easily performed, and the center line of the main body 10 can be kept substantially vertical during the operation of the hydroelectric generator 1. The injection and drainage of water into the buoyancy chamber 51 are performed by a general injection / discharge unit including a pump (not shown). Further, as the buoyancy chamber 51 approaches the center of the weight 50, the width in the vertical direction is increased, the drain is easily collected on the bottom plate 52 of the weight 50, and the air is easily collected on the top plate 53 of the weight 50. An inner pipe or a valve for extracting the drain or air is attached to a portion where the drain or air is accumulated.

The weight 50 can keep the center line direction of the main body substantially vertical, and the bottom plate 52 forms a resistance surface extending perpendicularly to the center line direction, so that the resistance surface has resistance to water. The vertical movement of the main body 10 can be reduced. The buoyancy chamber 51 may be a fixed weight containing concrete, iron scrap, ore, stone or the like depending on the design.
Further, depending on the installation location and application of the water power generator 1, the weight 50 may be formed by integrating the bottom plate 52 and the top plate 53 into a flat plate without the buoyancy chamber 51, or from a single flat plate. It may be made up of.

  An eye plate 444 for attaching a wire 453 for adjusting the vertical position of the weight 50 is provided at the upper end of the support bar 440, and a ring ring 445 is attached to the eye plate 444. A hook 446 attached to the lower end of the wire 453 can be hung on the ring ring 445.

  On the other hand, a beam 452 for attaching a pulley 450 and a hoist 451 is provided inside the column 401 inside the column 401 where the wind power generator 400 is provided. By winding the wire 453 of the hoist 451, the support portion 40 is pulled up and the weight 50 is lifted.

  Further, by loosening the wire 453 of the hoist 451, the weight 50 is lowered together with the support portion 40, and the support tubes 420 and 430 and the support rod 440 can be extended to the lower limit to lower the weight 50 to the lowest end. Further, by attaching pins or fixed hardware to the sleeves 423, 433, 443 and the flanges 411, 412, 421, 422, 432, 442, the expansion and contraction of the support portion 40 can be adjusted, and the length can be fixed. .

  The water power generator 1 configured as described above is designed so that the whole water power generator 1 does not fall over in consideration of the principle of getting up and spilling, the principle of mishandling, and the like.

Next, the operation of the embodiment will be described.
The floating power generator 1 is a floating structure that floats on the water surface S. At the same time, the inclined surface 3b of the inclined portion 3 functions in the same manner as a kite. Installed in water areas where rivers and other water currents are generated. The main body 10 of the floating power generator 1 is moored by a mooring chain 2 of a mooring device from a seabed SG such as the seabed.

  As for the planar shape of the hydroelectric generator 1, since the inclined portion 3 forms a uniform ring-shaped polygon, substantially the same operation can be performed regardless of which direction the wave comes from, and substantially the same effect can be obtained. Therefore, when installing the water power generator 1, it is not necessary to determine a specific installation direction in principle.

  A wave W or river water stream, ocean current, tidal current, tide, or the like that has approached the hydroelectric generator 1 first hits the balance floating body B or directly rides on the inclined surface 3 b of the inclined portion 3. As described above, the balance floating body B is arranged on the extension line of the converging dam 11 while maintaining a predetermined interval, so that the wave W hitting the balance floating body B is divided and travels on both sides of the balance floating body B, And ride on the inclined surface 3 b of the inclined portion 3 partitioned by the converging dam 11.

  The wave W and the water flow that have approached the hydroelectric generator 1 ride on the inclined surface 3b of the main body 10 partitioned by the converging dam 11, and proceed along the inclined surface 3b toward the central opening 3a. Since the interval between the adjacent converging ridges 11 of the main body 10 is narrowed toward the center, the wave W is converged by a converging action such that the wave W is squeezed by the converging ridge 11 and the wave height is increased. Get higher.

  The wave W finally converges on the inclined surface 3b of each inclined portion 3, repeats wave action, wave breaking phenomenon, etc., and finally waves over the apex of the inclined portion 3 and falls into the pool 6 from the opening 3a. Further, the wave W and the water flow enter the upper pool 6a from the opening 3a and enter the intake path 22 from the intake port 21 provided on the inclined surface 3b of the main body 10 and flow into the upper pool 6a.

  Thereby, water can be taken into the upper pool 6a even under a situation in which the wave W is not so high as to move up the inclined surface 3b to the opening 3a or the water flow is not strong enough to move up the inclined surface 3b to the opening 3a. Moreover, since the non-return means 23 provided in the intake channel 22 prevents the water taken into the upper pool 6a from flowing backward in the intake channel 22 toward the outside of the main body, the water is pooled from the outside of the main body 10. 6 can be taken in more efficiently.

  More specifically, if there is a peak portion of the wave W somewhere on the inclined surface 3b when the water power generator 1 is viewed from above, water is taken from the intake 21 provided on the inclined surface 3b. 22 and flows into the upper pool 6a. If the operation of the hydroelectric generator 1 is divided at a certain time and the flow of water in the meantime, the clockwise flow and the counterclockwise flow occur at the same time with a certain angular velocity so that the hands of the clock rotate. As a result, a wave W enters the pool 6. Such a phenomenon can be regarded as a smoothed input to some extent.

  As a result, even if the waves W are traveling in a certain direction as a whole, such as a small island floating in the ocean, a certain degree of directionality can be achieved by standing in the small island and looking at the beach of the small island itself. Although there is a wave, waves W rush to the small island from all around. For example, although the wave W is a small wave on the lower side, which is completely opposite to the traveling direction of the wave W in the ocean, the wave from the lower side to the small island is like a turning wave or a return wave. The phenomenon hits the coastline.

  By utilizing this phenomenon in the water power generator 1 of the present invention, the slope of the inclined portion 3 efficiently separated by the converging ridge 11 regardless of the direction of the wave W incident from any direction. It is possible to effectively take into the pool 6 the wave W that has been effectively taken into the surface 3b, that is, into the hydroelectric generator 1, and the water waves such as the water currents of the rivers, the rivers, the ocean currents, the tides, and the tides.

  The water that has entered the upper pool 6a through the intake channel 22 or the opening 3a communicates with the upper pool 6a and the lower pool 6b due to the difference in water level between the water level that has gone up the inclined surface 3b and the water level outside the main body 10. The water wheel 16 disposed in the communication part 15 is rotated.

  When the water turbine 16 rotates, the rotating shaft 17 extending upward from the water turbine 16 rotates, and the generator 12 interlocked with the water turbine 16 generates power. When the rotating portion of the water turbine 16 rotates, the rotation shaft 17 is provided with a protective tube, so that the rotation of the rotation shaft 17 can be protected from water hammer caused by the flow of water or a wave phenomenon.

  The water that has rotated the water turbine 16 flows into the lower pool 6 b communicated by the communication unit 15. When water flows into the lower pool 6b, the water already in the lower pool 6b is pushed out to the drainage channel 32 and drained out of the main body 10 through the drainage port 31 provided on the inclined surface 3b. The intrusion prevention means 33 provided in the drainage channel 32 can prevent water outside the main body 10 from entering the drainage channel 32 from the drainage port 31 and enter the lower pool 6b, so that power can be generated more efficiently.

  Therefore, when the water power generator 1 is viewed from above, if there is a valley portion of the wave W somewhere on the inclined surface 3b, the lower portion passes through the drainage channel 32 of the drain port 31 provided on the inclined surface 3b. The brine in the pool 6b is drained.

  Further, when the water power generator 1 is viewed from the side, for example, if the peak of the incident wave is at the front of the water power generator 1 and the valley of the wave W is at the rear of the opposite side of the water power generator 1, Since water intake and drainage are performed at the same time in the mountain of the wave W at the front and the valley of the wave W at the rear of the surface power generator 1, the power generation efficiency is very good.

  For example, in a 12-cylinder engine such as a piston type internal combustion engine, the strokes of compression and explosion are shifted little by little to operate one stroke with a time difference. In the hydroelectric generator 1 according to the present invention, the inclined portion 3 is divided into 12 equal parts by the converging levee 11, and the wave peaks and valleys are formed with a time difference from the difference in the refraction angle at which the incoming wave W is incident on them. In order to visit, the operation is almost similar to a 12-cylinder internal combustion engine.

  In the present embodiment, the intake channel 22 and the drainage channel 32 are set as one set, and a plurality of sets of the intake channel 22 and the drainage channel 32 are arranged at substantially equal intervals over the entire circumference of the inclined surface 3b. Regardless of the direction of the main body 10 relative to the direction of the incoming wave W or the direction of the water flow, water can be efficiently taken in from the wave W or the water flow.

  In order to stop the rotation of the water turbine 16, the on-off valve 14 provided below the water turbine 16 may be closed. By appropriately opening or closing each on-off valve 14, the generator 12 using the water turbine 16 as a power source can be operated or stopped as necessary.

  In addition to operating and stopping the generator 12, the rotational speed of the generator 12 can be controlled by brake control or load control that changes voltage, current, and the like. Controlling the number of revolutions of the generator 12 controls the number of revolutions of the water turbine 16 in conjunction with this. This rotation speed control of the water turbine 16 controls the amount of drainage in the pool 6, that is, it controls the amount of water stored in the pool 6.

  When the rotational speed of the water turbine 16 is controlled, the amount of water drained in the pool 6 provided in the central portion of the apparatus main body 10 is controlled, and accordingly, the amount of water stored in the pool 6 is controlled. This control of the amount of stored water can control the vibration of the water power generator 1 itself with the natural frequency, natural frequency, etc. of the water power generator 1 in the motion of the wave W. For example, by increasing the amount of water stored in the pool 6, the weight of the water power generator 1 increases, so that vibrations and vertical movements can be prevented. This not only leads to an increase in the power generation efficiency of the wind power generator 400, but also can prevent the destruction of the water power generator 1 during a large wave.

  The wind power generator 400 generates power when a windmill 402 provided on a support column 401 extending upward from the upper portion of the main body 10 receives wind and rotates. Thereby, the water power generator 1 can perform power generation using wind power in addition to power generation by hydropower. For this reason, more electric power generation amount can be obtained. Furthermore, the vertical center line of the apparatus main body 10 is kept almost vertical by the action of the weight 50, and the vertical movement of the surface power generator 1 is restricted by utilizing the resistance of water by the resistance surface of the weight 50. The support column 401 that supports the power generation device 400 is kept substantially vertical. Thereby, the windmill 402 of the wind power generator 400 can be rotated safely and smoothly, and the power generation efficiency is increased. Furthermore, destruction and failure of the water power generator 1 can be prevented.

  The weight 50 is attached to the lower end portion of the support portion 40 extending downward from the center portion of the main body 10, and the bottom plate 52 and the top plate 53 spread in a direction perpendicular to the center line direction of the main body 10. Since it has a surface, the center line direction of the main body 10 can be kept almost vertical even when receiving waves, and the vertical movement of the main body can be reduced by the resistance of the resistance surface to water. It can be performed.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, since the support portion 40 to which the weight 50 is attached can be displaced in the vertical direction, by moving the weight 50 upward when the water power generator 1 is moved, The power generation device 1 can be easily moved even at a shallow depth. For example, in the operation of docking, transporting, and towing the water generator 1 under relatively shallow seabed conditions, the support rod 440 is inserted, the weight 50 is lifted, and the seat power of the apparatus is lowered by lowering the seat height. Since the balance of the entire apparatus 1 can be adjusted, the operation can be performed relatively easily.

  Further, since the weight 50 includes a hollow buoyancy chamber 51 capable of storing water therein, the balance of the entire hydroelectric generator 1 can also be achieved by emptying the buoyancy chamber 51 or storing an arbitrary amount of water. It can be adjusted better.

  Moreover, the use of the hydroelectric generator 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention is used in a river or brackish water area having a water flow as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 in addition to use in a seawater area or a lake. You can also.

  By providing the wind power generator 400 in the main body 10 with less vertical movement of the water power generator 1 based on the above operating principle, a power generator that is very rational and has high power generation efficiency can be obtained. Further, when the wave W enters the hydroelectric generator 1, it first hits the inclined portion 3 and goes up on the inclined surface 3 b, and each divided portion partitioned by the converging levee 11 has a wave W and flowing water, respectively. Because the incident angle of is different and receives all the force at an angle and not on the orthogonal plane, there is a dispersion effect such as wave pressure, water flow, water hammer, etc., where the impact force due to wave pressure or water flow is small Also prevents vibration, swinging, etc., and has the advantages of increased efficiency, durability and economy.

  In addition, by connecting the lower end of the skirt 5 provided below the apparatus main body 10 and the weight 50 with a supplementary steel frame, a wire, a rope, a chain, etc., strength improvement with respect to the swinging of the hydroelectric generator 1 or the like can be achieved. And can be very stable. Therefore, the floating power generator 1 is less likely to swing or move up and down even with respect to the ocean wave W, and the column 401 of the wind power generator 400 stands almost vertically and is less likely to tilt. .

  Further, the power generated by the water turbine 16 and the power generated by the wind power generator 400 may be separately transmitted to the land, or may be transmitted to the land as a single system via a converter or the like. Good.

  The surface power generator according to the present invention can be widely used as long as it is on the water.

B ... Balance floating body S ... Water surface SG ... Water bottom W ... Wave 1 ... Water power generator 2 ... Mooring chain 3 ... Inclined part 3a ... Opening 3b ... Inclined surface 4 ... Side wall 5 ... Skirt 6 ... Pool 6a ... Upper pool 6b ... Lower pool 8a ... Middle bottom 8b ... Bottom plate 9 ... Buoyancy chamber 9a ... Bulkhead 10 ... Main body 11 ... Converging dam 12 ... Generator 14 ... On-off valve 15 ... Communication part 16 ... Water wheel 17 ... Rotating shaft 21 ... Intake port 22 ... Intake channel 23 ... Non-return means 31 ... drainage port 32 ... drainage channel 33 ... ingress prevention means 40 ... support part 50 ... weight 51 ... buoyancy chamber 52 ... bottom plate 53 ... top plate 400 ... wind power generator 401 ... prop 402 ... windmill 410 ... support pipe 411 ... Flange 412 ... Flange 420 ... Support pipe 421 ... Flange 422 ... Flange 423 ... Sleeve 430 ... Support pipe 432 ... Flange 433 ... Sleeve 440 ... Support bar 4 2 ... flange 443 ... sleeve 450 ... pulley 451 ... hoist 452 ... beam

Claims (9)

A main body having an inclined surface that is inclined upward from a peripheral edge under the water surface toward the central portion, and has an opening in the central portion, and is provided below the opening for taking in water entering from outside the main body. A pool, and a converging dam for converging waves, wherein the central portion is disposed on the inclined surface of the main body radially from the central portion toward the peripheral edge on the lower end side. In the floating power generator that generates electricity using the water that enters from the outside of the main body with the movement of the wave, floating the main body on the water surface so that it goes up,
The pool is divided into an upper pool and a lower pool, the upper pool is open on the opening side, and has a communication portion that communicates the upper pool and the lower pool,
A water intake channel for communicating water from the main body to the upper pool through a water intake provided in the inclined surface; and
A drainage channel for draining water from the lower pool to the outside of the main body, communicating from the drainage port provided on the inclined surface to the lower pool,
A water wheel disposed in the communication part;
A generator for generating power in conjunction with the rotation of the water wheel,
The level of water in the pool and the outside of the main body that have been moved up the inclined surface divided by the converging levee and entered the upper pool from the opening or taken into the upper pool from the intake port A water power generator characterized in that the water turbine is rotated by a difference in water level from the water level of the water to cause the generator to generate electric power. The main body includes a weight attached to a lower end portion of a support portion extending downward from a center portion of the main body,
The weight has a resistance surface extending perpendicular to the center line direction of the main body, keeps the center line direction of the main body substantially vertical, and reduces the vertical movement of the main body by resistance of the resistance surface to water. The water power generator according to claim 1, wherein   The water surface according to claim 2, further comprising: a wind turbine that rotates by receiving wind from a pillar extending upward from an upper portion of the main body, and that generates electric power by the rotation of the wind turbine. Power generation device. The support portion to which the weight is attached is provided so as to be displaceable in the vertical direction,
The hydroelectric generator according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the weight is provided so that the vertical position can be changed by displacing the support portion in the vertical direction. The support portion has a multistage shape that can expand and contract below the central portion of the main body,
The hydroelectric generator according to claim 4, wherein the weight is attached to a lower end portion of the support portion.   The hydroelectric generator according to claim 2, wherein the weight includes a hollow buoyancy chamber capable of storing water therein. A skirt that can hang from the periphery of the main body,
The hydroelectric generator according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the lower part of the skirt and the weight are connected to reinforce the strength of the structure formed by the main body and the weight. The intake channel is provided with a check means for preventing the water taken into the upper pool from flowing back to the outside of the main body,
8. The water surface according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the drainage channel is provided with an entry prevention means for preventing water outside the main body from entering the lower pool. Power generation device.   9. The system according to claim 1, wherein the intake channel and the drainage channel are arranged in parallel as a set, and a plurality of sets of the intake channel and the drainage channel are arranged over the entire circumference of the inclined surface. The water power generator according to one item.

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