RU2440898C2 - Dc electric locomotive anti-slippage system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to railway transport and may be used at DC electric locomotives. Proposed microprocessor system comprises first and second traction motor slippage relays connected in series-parallel, resistors to shunt traction motors via contactors, control unit of the latter, microprocessor unit, operator controller position pickup and step motor. Resistors are splitted by contactors controlled by contactor control unit. Said operator controller position pickup is connected with operator controller output. Operator controller position pickup output is connected with microprocessor unit first input. Microprocessor unit first output connected with step motor connected with operator controller. Microprocessor unit second and third inputs are connected with outputs of the first and second slippage relays. Microprocessor second, third, fourth and fifth outputs are connected with first, second, third and fourth inputs of contactor control unit, with its first, second, third and fourth outputs controlled by first, second, third and fourth contactors.

EFFECT: improved operating parameters, complete automation of slippage control.

4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to railway transport and is intended for use in DC electric locomotives, in particular VL10 and VL11, including those included in the system of many units.

A device for protection against boxing and skidding of wheelsets of electric rolling stock [1], comprising sensors, threshold elements, a current regulator of traction motors, an automatic control system for electric rolling stock and a sandbox operation control unit. The disadvantage of this device is its complexity and inflexible algorithm of the device.

A known method [2] of controlling the drive and / or braking force of the wheels of a unit of rolling stock to the optimum traction with the smallest possible slippage. The main disadvantage of this method is the constant slipping of one or more wheelsets, which leads to accelerated wear of the wheel ties and the rails themselves.

The closest is the anti-boxing device [3], in which the shunt resistors of the TED windings are constantly switched on at the serial connection of the motors. The main disadvantage of the device is the increased power consumption.

To improve energy performance, as well as to completely automate the control process, a microprocessor unit, traction motor temperature sensors (TED), a driver position controller sensor, contactor control unit, sand nozzle control unit and a stepper motor connected to the driver's controller are introduced into the device.

It is known [4] that at a sliding speed of 7% to 15% of the absolute speed, the coefficient of adhesion of wheels to rails increases by 35 ... 50% and can reach values up to 0.3. At the same time, controlling the rigidity of the characteristics of traction electric motors (TED) due to shunting their windings with resistors, it is possible to achieve a self-stop boxing process, and therefore, the boxing process will self-stop.

The drawing shows a variant of a microprocessor protection system against boxing.

The first input of the microprocessor unit 1 receives a signal from the sensor 8 of the position of the controller of the driver 2 connected to the stepper motor 11. The outputs of the standard boxing relay 3 and 4 are connected to the second and third inputs of the microprocessor unit 1. The outputs of the temperature sensor 5 of the first are connected to the fourth and fifth inputs TED and temperature sensor 6 of the second TED. The first output of the microprocessor unit 1 is connected to the stepper motor 11. The second, third, fourth and fifth outputs are connected respectively to the first, second, third and fourth inputs of the contactor control unit 9. The sixth output is connected to the sand nozzle control unit 10. First, second, third and the fourth outputs of the control unit of the contactors 9 are connected respectively to the first contactor 12 ¹ , the second contactor 12 ² , the third contactor 12 ³ and the fourth contactor 12 ⁴ . The first contactor 12 ¹ , the second contactor 12 ² , the first shunt resistance 13 ¹ , the second shunt resistance 13 ² and the fifth shunt resistance 13 ⁵ constitute the shunt circuit of the first traction motor 14 ¹ . The third contactor 12 ³ , the fourth contactor 12 ⁴ , the third shunt resistance 13 ³ , the fourth shunt resistance 13 ⁴ and the fifth shunt resistance 13 ⁵ constitute the shunt circuit of the second traction motor 14 ² .

The microprocessor system operates as follows. When a boxing occurs, the signals from the standard boxing relay 3 and 4 are supplied to the second and third inputs of the microprocessor unit 1, respectively, where they are processed. If, in the case of boxing, the voltage supplied from the boxing relay 3 or the boxing relay 4 exceeds the setpoint voltage U _УСТ1 , then the sensor 8 is polled for the position of the driver 2 controller. Depending on the position of the driver 2 controller, the microprocessor system operates in three modes:

1. When the engines are connected in series (positions of the controller of the driver 11 from 1 to 8), the system generates control signals arriving at the control unit of the contactors 9, which includes contactors 12 ¹ and 12 ⁴ , and after a time t ₁ , if the blocking has not stopped, the contactors 12 ² and 12 ³ . After the cessation of boxing, the contactors 12 ¹ ... 12 ^{4 are} switched off.

2. When the motors are connected in series (positions of the driver controller 11 from 9 to 16), the system generates control signals received by the control unit of the contactors 9, which includes contactors 12 ¹ and 12 ⁴ . After the cessation of boxing, the contactors 12 ¹ and 12 ^{4 are} switched off.

3. With a series-parallel connection of engines (positions of the driver controller 11 from 17 to 27), the system determines the numbers of the boxing wheelsets and includes the corresponding contactors 12 ¹ or 12 ⁴ . After the cessation of boxing, the contactor 12 ¹ or 12 ^{4 is} switched off.

If the boxing did not stop after a time t ₂ (the voltage on the winding of the boxing relay exceeds the voltage of the setpoint U _УСТ2 , then the contactors 12 ¹ ... 12 ⁴ remain on and the microprocessor system generates control signals arriving at the control unit for nozzles of sand 10. If within a given time interval locomotive wheelslip t ₃ has not stopped, then the microprocessor unit 1 generates a first output control signals to the stepper motor 11, which resets the 1 position of the controller driver 2, and if after a time t ₄ b ksovanie not stopped, then another 1.

The temperature control of the motors is carried out continuously by sequentially polling the temperature sensors of the TED 5 and 6. If the measured temperature exceeds the set temperature, the microprocessor system generates control signals supplied to the stepper motor 11, which resets the 2 positions of the driver's controller.

If the boxing process has not stopped within 15 s, then the contactors 12 ¹ ... 12 ^{4 are} switched off. A pause of 20 ... 30 s is maintained, the presence of boxing is checked, and if it is absent, then the system operation algorithm is restored. Otherwise, after three attempts to eliminate blocking by feeding sand, the system shuts down.

The driver's controller 2, TED 14 ¹ and 14 ² , the blocking relay 3 and 4, the control unit for the nozzles of sand 10 are standard elements of direct current electric locomotives.

The microprocessor unit 1 can be made in the form of a standard controller having analog-to-digital converters, for example [5].

The stepper motor 11 can be used with any control board and the possibility of integration into the controller of the driver 2, for example [6].

The temperature sensor TED 5 and 6 can be standard, for example [7].

Information sources

1. RF patent No. 2025310.

2. RF patent №2124445.

3. A.S. 407757.

4. Summe G.V. Friction interaction of locomotive wheelsets with rails. - M .: Route, 2005 .-- 80 s.

5. http://www.indautomation.ru/.

6. http://electroprivod.ru/.

7.http: //www.zamer.ru/catalog/14.

Claims (4)

1. Microprocessor-based anti-skid protection system for DC electric locomotives, consisting of the first and second box-off relays, traction motors connected in series-parallel, and containing resistors shunting traction motors through the contactors, and these resistors are sectioned by contactors controlled by the contactors control unit characterized in that the microprocessor unit, the position sensor of the driver's controller and the stepper motor are introduced into the system, while the input of the position sensor the driver’s controller is connected to the driver’s controller output, and the driver’s controller position sensor output is connected to the first input of the microprocessor unit, the first output of which is connected to a stepper motor connected to the driver’s controller, the second and third inputs of the microprocessor unit are connected to the outputs of the first and second boxing relays, and the second, third, fourth and fifth outputs of the microprocessor unit are respectively connected to the first, second, third and fourth inputs of the control unit of the contactor ami, the first, second, third and fourth outputs of which control the first, second, third and fourth contactors, respectively. 2. The microprocessor-based anti-skid protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second temperature sensors of the traction motor are introduced into the system, the outputs of which are connected to the fourth and fifth inputs of the microprocessor unit, respectively, and when the temperature of one or more traction motors rises, the microprocessor block automatically generates a control signal supplied to the stepper motor, which resets the two positions of the driver's controller. 3. The microprocessor-based anti-slip system according to claim 1, characterized in that a sand nozzle control unit is introduced into the system, the input of which is connected to the sixth output of the microprocessor unit. 4. The microprocessor-based anti-blocking system according to claim 1, characterized in that if the boxing process has not stopped within 15 s, the control contactors are turned off, a pause of 20 ... 30 s is maintained, while the presence of blocking is checked and if it is absent, then the algorithm the system’s operation is restored, otherwise after three attempts to eliminate boxing by feeding sand, the system shuts down.