RU2440708C2 - Combined device for rotary internal tillage - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises two rotary slot cutters arranged vertically symmetrically along the device travel, mechanically connected with a common drive. An internal cutter is arranged under the drive. The device also comprises a ramp installed along with the motion of the device behind the cutter's shaft in parallel to it. The ramp is connected with a slot cutter's disc and is equipment with tillage fingers. Fingers are aligned forward along with the device motion and are arranged on the ramp in gaps between soil cutters. Each tillage finger is equipped with a bearing, onto which the cutter's shaft rests. Fingers protrude forward along with the device motion relative to the cylindrical surface formed by cutting edges of soil cutters in the internal soil cutter.

EFFECT: structural design will make it possible to carry out rotary tillage (cutting) in process of device movement in soil, to loosen and mix its inner layers, preserving a humic layer and vegetable remains on the soil surface, to reduce traction resistance to soil treatment, to strengthen soil grinding during cutting.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and is intended for rotational cutting of soil cracks for water absorption with rotary cultivation and mixing (milling) of the inner layers of the soil.

Known working bodies for soil treatment, having a subcortical milling cutter with disk slitherese and their chain drive on a common axis, for example, used in machines: PMS-70; PMS-100; PMS-100M; FS-1,3; MSP-2 and others (USSR certificate No. 442759, АВВ 49/02, 1974; inf. L. SKSTI, Rostov-Don, No. 101-74, 43-75, 101-76 - prototype).

Closest to the technical nature of the claimed object is a rotary cultivator of the sub-humus soil layer containing a disk slotter, under-cover milling cutter and its drive (RF patent for the invention No. 2273120, АВВ 33/02 (2006.01) А01В 49/02 (2006.01), 2006 - analogue ) This device has the following disadvantages:

- insufficient crumbling of the soil during milling;

- high traction resistance due to frontal movement of the open shaft of the milling machine in the soil and the lack of preliminary spalling of the soil before milling;

- low reliability and durability due to insufficient rigidity of the milling cutter shaft for bending under conditions of pulsed dynamic loads during soil cultivation, lack of lubrication of the gearing elements of the open gear in rotational sheliroz.

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is the creation of conditions under which an increase in the degree of crumbling of the soil, a decrease in traction resistance to processing, an increase in the reliability of the kinematic elements of the drive and the durability of the combined device for rotational subsoil cultivation are provided.

The technical result obtained by the practical use of the invention is the creation of the ability to produce cracks for absorbing water while milling the device in the soil and to perform milling of the inner soil layers with high quality, reliability, lower energy consumption and high device durability.

To solve the technical problem, the proposed combined device for rotational subsurface loosening, containing two rotational crevasses located vertically symmetrically along the movement of the device, mechanically connected with the common drive and located below the drive by the underground milling cutter, is equipped with a ramp installed along the movement of the device behind the milling cutter shaft in parallel him and connected to the disk sclerosis. The ramp is equipped with loosening fingers, oriented forward in the direction of movement of the device and located on the ramp in between the soil mills. The loosening finger is equipped with a bearing on which the milling cutter shaft rests. The loosening finger protrudes forward in the direction of movement of the device relative to the cylindrical surface formed by the cutting edges of the soil mills of the intra-soil milling machine. The cherezherez disk is made with a channel for supplying a substance and a channel connected with it for lubricating the engagement elements of an open gear in a rotary cherez. A channel for transporting a substance is made inside the ramp, communicated with the channel of the slotherez disk for supplying the substance and with a distribution channel made inside the loosening finger for lubricating the milling roller bearing.

The invention is illustrated by the accompanying schemes, where

figure 1 shows the proposed device, side view;

figure 2 is a cross section of a front view of the right along the part of the device.

The combined device for rotational subsoil tillage is made symmetrically along the direction of travel. The device contains two rotational cherezers 1, located vertically symmetrically along the movement of the device, an underground milling machine 2. The device is equipped with a ramp 3 (the ramp is highlighted in bold dotted in Fig. 1), mechanically connected on each side to the disk of the corresponding rotational glieres 1. Attached to the ramp 3 the loosening fingers 4 oriented forward along the path and provided with bearings 5 of the milling machine shaft 6. The loosening fingers 4 are installed along the ramp 3 in the spaces between the soil milling cutters 7, on the shaft of the milling machine 6. The loosening finger 4 is made with a channel 8 for supplying lubricant, such as water, a water-based antifriction slurry to the shaft bearings of the milling machine, etc., which is communicated through a channel 9 made in the ramp 3 and channel 10 made in the slitherese disk 1, with the inlet channel 11. In the slitherese disk 1, the channel 12 is made for lubrication of the gearing elements of the open gear in the rotational slitherese 1, in communication with the channel 10 made in the slitherese disk 1.

The proposed combined device for rotational subsoil loosening works as follows.

In the process of moving the unit, the device is buried in the soil. Rotational gummies 1 cut water-absorbing slots and perform mechanical drive of the subsoil milling machine 2. The loosening fingers 4, which protrude forward along the device relative to the generatrix of the cutting edges of the soil mills 7, make preliminary soil compaction before milling. Then, the subsoil milling machine 2 with cutters 7 performs the intrasoil rotational loosening and mixing. The combination of preliminary cleavage of the soil with loosening fingers 4 and rotary loosening of the milling cutters 7 can improve the crumbling and mixing of the soil during processing due to the formation of its intersecting flows and reduce the traction resistance of the device, eliminating the frontal impact of the milling machine on untreated soil. The shaft of the milling machine 2 is supported by the bearings 5 of the loosening fingers 4 mounted on the ramp 3, the ramp 3 is supported by the rotational sloters 1. The mechanical system, consisting of the shaft of the milling cutter 2, the ramp 3, the fingers 4 and the bearings 5, has high bending stiffness in the machining direction soil device. To the bearing 5 of the shaft of the milling machine 6 from the inlet channel 11 through the channel 10 in slit 1, channel 9 in the ramp 3, through the channel 8 in the loosening finger 4, substance is supplied. The substance lubricates the intermediate bearings 5. To the open gear in the rotary slit 1 from the inlet channel 11 through the channel 10 in the slit 1 through the channel 12 the same substance is supplied. The substance lubricates the gearing elements of the open gear in the rotary slithereum 1. The spent substance from the bearings 5 and from the gearing elements of the open gear in the rotational slitherery 1 is poured into the soil and mixed with it by soil mills 7.

The use of new elements in the form of a ramp 3, loosening fingers 4 with bearings 5 of the shaft of the milling machine 6, channel 8 for lubricating the bearing 5, channel 12 for lubricating the open gear in rotational slit 1 allows you to craft gaps in the soil to absorb water and perform milling of the inner layers of the soil with high reliability, high durability of the device and lower energy costs, because:

- traction resistance is reduced due to the combination of preliminary passive loosening (chipping) of the soil by the loosening fingers of the ramp before milling, eliminating the frontal movement of the open shaft of the milling machine in the soil, which in the proposed technical solution flows around the top of the loosening fingers;

- soil crumbling during milling is enhanced due to the intersection of the paths of the soil mass, carried along the circumference of the soil mill, with the lower and upper planes of the loosening fingers, as well as with the soil mass progressively moving along these planes;

- the reliability of the milling shaft increases due to increased bending stiffness under pulsed dynamic loads during soil cultivation, since the milling shaft in the bearings of loosening fingers, loosening fingers and a ramp form a spatial truss, the rigidity of which is bent in the direction of soil processing with a combined device for rotational subsoil loosening many times higher than the rigidity of the milling shaft alone;

- increases the durability of the device due to the use of lubrication of the open gear in a rotary slit and lubrication of the bearings of the milling shaft.

Claims (2)

1. A combined device for rotational subsurface loosening, containing two rotational cherezes, arranged vertically symmetrically along the movement of the device, mechanically connected to the common drive and located below the drive by the intra-soil milling machine, characterized in that it contains a ramp installed in the direction of movement of the device behind the milling shaft in parallel him and connected to the disk cherese, and the ramp is equipped with loosening fingers oriented forward along the direction of movement of the device and ramp-conjugated in between soil cutters, wherein ryhlyaschimi finger provided with a bearing, which supports the shaft frezerovatelya, and protrudes forwardly of the device movement relative to the cylindrical surface formed by the cutting edges of cutters subsurface soil frezerovatelya. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheliherez disk is made with a channel for supplying a substance and a channel connected with it for lubricating the gearing elements of an open gear in a rotary shear; inside the ramp there is a channel for transporting a substance in communication with the channel of the sheliroz disk for substance supply and with a distribution channel made inside the loosening finger for lubricating the milling shaft bearing.