RU2438822C1 - Horizontal hydraulic press to deform long tube biller ends - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to metal forming and may be used for deformation of long tube billet ends. Proposed press comprises tubular bed, power unit studded thereto, split die and tubular billet clamp. Said clamp is made up of fixed adapter with tapered cavity accommodating segments. Said segment work surface is notched and thrusts against support surface formed by insert with plate spring. Power unit is made up of main cylinder with rod incorporating piston and extra cylinder rod. Extra cylinder rod end supports the case with moving adapter rigidly jointed therewith. Said moving adapter has tapered cavity with taper reverse of that of fixed adapter tapered cavity. Split die is accommodated in moving adapter cavity with clearance between ends faces of its segments and clamp segment faces.

EFFECT: precise alignment of deforming tool and split die, higher reliability and deformation quality.

3 dwg, 1 ex

Description

Horizontal hydraulic press refers to metallurgy and mechanical engineering and can be used in metal forming to deform the ends of long pipe blanks.

A horizontal hydraulic press is known, comprising a master cylinder with a plunger and a movable traverse, a fixed cross member with two return cylinders fixed on it with plungers, tie-rods, a welded frame and a fixed table placed on the columns (see Zhelobov V.V., Zverev G. .I. Equipment of hydropress shops. - M .: Metallurgy, 1974, p. 26-31).

A disadvantage of the known press is the impossibility of implementing the technological process for processing long tube blanks according to the scheme: the working stroke of the matrix segments in the radial direction, the clamping of the pipe when moving the matrix segments with the deformed end of the pipe in the axial direction and the working stroke of the deforming tool in the axial direction of the press, with subsequent reverse idle strokes of the plungers of the main and auxiliary cylinders.

The closest in technical essence is a horizontal hydraulic press containing a bed, a power block fastened with it and a detachable matrix in the form of segments (see SU 1523229 A1, B21D 41/04, 11.23.89, 3 pages). The disadvantage of the prototype is the lack of the possibility of plastic forming of long pipe blanks.

The problem solved by the invention is the layout of the main and auxiliary cylinders with plungers, as well as technological equipment and a clamping mechanism, aimed at processing long tube blanks while ensuring strict alignment of the deforming tool and the forming mold matrix, and allowing to implement the technology according to the scheme: working stroke segments of the matrix in the radial direction, then clamp the pipe in the appropriate mechanism when moving the segments of the matrix with a deformed the axial direction of the pipe and, finally, the working stroke with a deforming tool in the axial direction of the press, with subsequent reverse idle strokes of the plungers of the main and auxiliary cylinders.

The problem is achieved in that a horizontal hydraulic press containing a bed, a power unit fastened with it and a detachable matrix made in the form of segments, according to the invention, is equipped with a tube blank clamping mechanism made in the form of a fixed clip fixed in the frame with a conical cavity and segments, having notches on the working surface facing the pipe billet, and placed in a conical cavity of a stationary holder with the ends supported on the supporting surface formed by the insert from the plates a coil spring, and the power unit is fastened to a tubular bed by means of pins and is made in the form of a main cylinder with a rod, an auxiliary cylinder, the piston and rod of which are located on the rod of the main cylinder, the housing located at the end of the auxiliary cylinder rod, and rigidly interfaced with a movable holder made with a conical cavity with a taper, the inverse conicity of the conical cavity of the stationary holder, and a detachable matrix is placed in the cavity of the movable holder with a gap between the ends of its segment a clamping mechanism and ends of segments.

Figure 1 of the drawing (top view) shows a longitudinal section of a horizontal press, figure 2 - design of the press in isometry; figure 3 is a photograph of the current model of a horizontal hydraulic press, developing a maximum force equal to 0.5 MN.

The tube bed 1 at the top of the hydraulic press has a window. The main cylinder 2 by means of pins is fastened to the end face of the bed (the pins are not shown conventionally). Coaxial to the main cylinder in the frame is the auxiliary cylinder 3.

On the rod of the main cylinder 4 there is a piston with the rod of the auxiliary cylinder 3. On the protruding end of the said rod of the auxiliary cylinder there is a housing 5 fixed by a pin 6. The housing by the return end is rigidly mated with a movable sleeve 7, which is moved along the movement in the guide sleeve.

The movable holder has a conical cavity in which the segments 8 of the forming matrix are placed with the corresponding working profile. In the mating planes of the segments, cylindrical recesses are made in which springs are mounted. The matrix segments are held in the conical cavity by means of a ring attached to the ferrule with screws.

The clamping mechanism is as follows. In the cavity of the free end of the press, a stationary clip 9 is installed, having an inverse conical cavity with respect to the conical cavity of the movable holder. In said conical cavity of the casing, segments 10 are provided with notches on the working surface facing the pipe. The movement of these segments of the clamping mechanism is also limited by the locking ring and screws. The clamping mechanism relies on a Belleville spring 11, fixed by the liner from the end of the bed.

The tool - the mandrel 12 through the clutch 13 is connected to the adapter 14, mounted in the socket of the rod of the master cylinder. The small step of the mandrel is constantly placed in the cavity of the matrix, and its large step is made with a diameter that provides a minimum clearance with respect to the diameter of the guide stage of the matrix.

Thus, segmented matrices have two steps: forming and guide, separated by a shoulder. The initial position of the power unit and tooling provides the disclosure of the clamping mechanism and segments of the split matrix by means of springs.

A long tube stock with a calibrated and stripped end is fed into the cavity of the matrix, bypassing the cavity of the clamping mechanism until the end of the pipe abuts the collar. Further, by supplying a working fluid with a pressure of 32-35 MPa to the upper cavity of the auxiliary cylinder, the axial movement of its piston together with the rod is caused. From the lower cavity of the auxiliary cylinder, the working fluid is removed.

The housing 5 perceives this movement, causing the movable holder to move relative to the segments of the forming matrix (the tangent of the angle of inclination of the generatrix of the conical surface in the movable holder exceeds the friction coefficient).

The pipe at the counter end is not fixed (figure 2). The axial movement of the cage reduces the outer diameter of the segments of the matrix, which leads to a radial crimp of the end of the pipe on the forming tooth of the mandrel. From the moment of contact between the ends of the forming matrix and the clamping mechanism, the axial movement of the movable holder causes a decrease in the outer diameter of the segments of the clamping mechanism, and therefore leads to the fixing of the pipe in the axial direction. In this case, the axle-force sensing spring plate bends and takes a flat look with the accumulation of elastic energy. After that, the upper cavity of the auxiliary cylinder is closed by means of a slide valve, while maintaining the pressure of the working fluid in it.

Then proceed to complete the finishing operation. The working fluid under a pressure of 32-35 MPa is fed into the lower cavity of the main cylinder, and it is removed from the upper cavity. By the pressure of the working fluid, the piston and the rod of the main cylinder acquire axial displacement, forming a pulling force through the adapter on the end of the mandrel, performing the reverse die-cutting operation with the flow of pipe material into the forming matrix. Further, changing the direction of flow of the working fluid to the opposite, cause the mandrel to move in the opposite direction, performing the operation of direct mandrel.

Finally, having made the reverse idle by supplying the working fluid to the lower cavity of the main cylinder and removing it from the upper cavity, the deformed end of the pipe (tip) is released from the tool. Then, the piston of the auxiliary cylinder is reverse idled, for which the working fluid is supplied to the lower cavity of the auxiliary cylinder, and the working fluid is removed from its upper cavity. The axial movement of the rod of the auxiliary cylinder in the opposite direction leads to the return of the housing 5, and hence the movable cage in its original position.

The segments of the forming matrix are released by the elastic energy of the Belleville spring by axial movement of the clamping mechanism, revealing the forming segments. A pipe with a shaped tip is removed from the cavity of the matrix.

An example of a specific implementation.

The proposed hydraulic press is implemented in a design that develops a nominal force equal to 0.5 MN (figure 3).

As the initial data for the design of the hydraulic press, the cold forming process of profiled endings on heat-exchanging steel pipes with a cross section of 25X2.5 mm was selected (see RF patents, for example No. 2177854, 2174888).

Using this press allows you to get long heat exchanging pipes with stamped profiled endings according to TU 1212-001-43950522-02 "Fastening pipes with profiled endings in the tube sheets of heat exchangers."

The press is multifunctional and allows you to perform operations such as: distribution of pipe ends, calibration - stripping, radial crimping, ring clamps of pipe billets, one-sided and two-sided burning of the inner cavity of the pipe.

The proposed hydraulic press is the main technological equipment in the semi-automatic line for profiling the ends of long heat exchanging pipes used in tube bundles of various industries, such as: petrochemicals, oil refining, gas production, shipbuilding, etc.

Claims (1)

A horizontal hydraulic press for deforming the ends of long tube blanks, comprising a bed, a power block fastened to it and a detachable matrix made in the form of segments, characterized in that it is equipped with a tube blank clamping mechanism made in the form of a tube clip fixed in the frame, made of a tube with a conical cavity and segments having notches on the working surface facing the tube billet, and placed in a stationary holder with the ends supported on the supporting surface, images a liner with a Belleville spring, and the power unit is fastened to the bed by means of studs and is made in the form of a main cylinder with a rod, a secondary cylinder, a piston and a rod of which are located on the rod of the main cylinder, the housing located at the end of the rod of the auxiliary cylinder, and rigidly conjugated with the aforementioned the housing of the movable holder, made with a conical cavity with a taper, the inverse taper of the conical cavity of the stationary holder, and a detachable matrix is placed in the cavity of the movable holder with a gap between t Ortsy of its segments and the ends of the segments of the clamping mechanism.

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