RU2438765C1 - Method of producing biologically active drinking water with reduced content of deuterium - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of biologically active drinking water with reduced content of deuterium. Proposed method comprises electrolysis of distillate in electrolyser, dehydration of obtained electrolysis gases, conversion of said gases into water, water steam condensation and water mineralisation. Distillate electrolysis is carried out using catalytically active electrodes coated, on one side, by silver and, on opposite side, by coat from Raney-nickel. Dehydrated gases are converted into water in gas high-temperature turbine to produce high-temperature steam. Variable current generated by generator coupled with turbine is fed to power supply input.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of hydrogen isotope separation and quality of drinking water, lower power consumption.

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Description

The invention relates to a method for producing biologically active drinking water with a reduced content of deuterium in it by its isotopic separation into depleted and enriched in deuterium fractions.

Water from the point of view of chemistry is a substance consisting of H ₂ O molecules. There is no completely pure water in nature, it always contains mechanical, chemical and biological impurities.

The H ₂ O molecule consists of two elements, each of which is a mixture of isotopes. Hydrogen in nature is represented by two stable isotopes:

- protium (designation ¹ N or N)

- deuterium (designation ² H or D).

The natural content of ¹ H and ² H isotopes in natural objects is 99.985 and 0.015%. Light (rich in H or depleted in D) water has a high biological activity. The use of light water leads to the normalization of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, weight correction, elimination of toxins from the body, etc. The results of clinical trials proved [Lobyshev V.N., Kalinichenko L.P. Isotopic effects of D ₂ O in biological systems. M .: Nauka, 1978], that when such water is consumed, working capacity, physical activity, endurance, and body resistance increase.

It is known that in light water changes the rate of chemical reactions, solvation of ions, their mobility, etc. Light water has a stimulating effect on living systems, significantly increases their activity, resilience to various negative factors, reproductive activity, improves and speeds up metabolism. For crops, the effect of light water is manifested in increased germination and productivity, for humans - in the healing effect. The reaction of biosystems when exposed to water may vary depending on quantitative and qualitative changes in the isotopic composition of water. The use of water with an increased concentration of heavy isotopes, in particular deuterium, causes pronounced toxic effects at the body level, limiting the possibility of its use for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes [Kushner D.J., Baker F., Dunstall T.G. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol 1999, Feb.77

(2): 79-88].

At the same time, positive biological activity of waters obtained using various technological processes belonging to the category of isotope-light, with a decrease in one degree or another compared with the initial concentration of deuterium, was recorded at different sites. Those. quantitative and qualitative indicators of the isotopic composition of water significantly affect its effectiveness when using water as a solvent or ingredient. Therefore, the need is obvious depending on the purpose of the regulation of the isotopic composition of the water used by humans for technological processes, drinking, as part of medicinal, cosmetic, hygienic, perfumery, etc.

The prior art for the production of isotope-light water is represented by a number of patents: RU No. 2031085, 2091335, 2091336 and others. There are also a number of physico-chemical methods for changing the isotopic composition of hydrogen that is part of the water [Andreeev BM et al., Separation of stable isotopes by physicochemical methods. Moscow: Energoatomizdat. 1982, pp. 44-49, 68-69, 75-79].

The closest technical solution to the claimed is a patent RU No. 2182562. According to the prototype, a method for producing biologically active drinking water with a reduced deuterium content involves electrolysis of atmospheric moisture condensate or distillate in an electrolytic cell with a solid ion-exchange electrolyte, converting the obtained electrolysis gases into water and subsequent condensation of water vapor. In this case, the electrolysis is carried out at 60-80 ° C, the electrolysis hydrogen is isotope exchanged with water vapor contained in the electrolysis hydrogen using a hydrophobized and promoted catalyst on an active carbon carrier containing 4-10% fluoroplast and 2-4% palladium or platinum, electrolytic hydrogen and oxygen are dried by passing them through ion-exchange membranes, and after the conversion of electrolysis gases into water, they are refined and then mineralized by contact with calcium-magnesium-containing and carbonaceous materials. As calcium-magnesium carbonate materials, dolomite is used.

The disadvantages of the described method are:

- the presence of ion-exchange membranes in the cell leads to an increase in the ohmic resistance of the cell and to increase the cost of electricity by several times, and the cost of electricity is 80-90% of the cost of the product [Fedotiev N.P. and others. Applied electrochemistry. L .: Chemistry, 1967. p.346], which leads to increased cost of the obtained product;

- the use of electrodes of titanium promoted by platinum, having a low separation coefficient of deuterium and a high polarization of the electrode processes, leads to a low degree of depletion of water by deuterium, as well as an excessively high voltage on the cell; those. increased energy costs;

- Platinum, which is promoted by titanium electrodes, is an expensive precious metal;

- the water productivity with reduced concentrations of deuterium in the prototype is only 50 ml per hour, which is probably sufficient for conditions when it is required to obtain the product in small quantities, but not enough in industrial production.

The technical task of the proposed solution is:

1. Reducing the cost of electricity in the production process of water depleted in the deuterium isotope, and therefore, reducing the cost in comparison with analogues and prototype.

2. Improving the efficiency of the method, ie the degree of separation of hydrogen isotopes in one stage, the quality of the resulting product and the reduction of energy consumption in the electrolysis process.

3. The cheaper method due to the use of electrolysis of cheaper and effective electrode materials.

To solve the technical problem, a method is proposed for producing biologically active drinking water with a reduced deuterium content, including electrolysis of the distillate in the electrolyzer, draining the obtained electrolysis gases, converting electrolysis gases into water, subsequent condensation of water vapor and its mineralization. In this case, the distillate is electrolyzed using catalytically active electrodes with a high separation coefficient of hydrogen isotopes coated with a silver coating on the anode side and a Raney nickel coating on the anode side, the mixture of hydrogen and oxygen obtained at the outlet of the electrolyzer is dried using regenerated water-absorbing substances, and the conversion of the dried gases into water is carried out initially in a gas high-temperature turbine to obtain high-temperature steam, and then the steam is condensed into capacitor. Alternating current generated by a generator connected mechanically to the turbine is sent to the input of the power supply to compensate for part of the energy consumption of the electrolysis process, in addition, mineralization of deuterium-depleted water is carried out during its collection.

The proposed method can be implemented using a line for the production of biologically active drinking water with a low deuterium content.

Figure 1 schematically shows a line for producing biologically active drinking water with a reduced content of deuterium.

The line contains a power supply 1, electrically connected to the electrolyzer 2, the output of which is connected by a gas pipeline to the inlet of the dryer 3, also connected by a gas pipeline to a turbine 4, mechanically connected to an alternator 5. The generator 5 is electrically connected to the input of the power supply 1. 6 - a condenser connected to the turbine outlet by a steam line, and its output is connected to a deuterium-depleted water collector 7, which is also a mineralizer.

The line is as follows.

The alternating three-phase current of the external electric network is converted into a constant power supply unit 1 and supplied to the electrolyzer 2, where distilled water is also supplied. The mixture of oxygen and hydrogen depleted in deuterium formed in the electrolyzer 2 to prevent the reverse isotopic exchange of hydrogen with water vapor enters the dryer 3 through a gas pipeline, where it is dried by a regenerated water-absorbing substance. Next, the dried gas mixture enters the turbine 4, where, when burned, it rotates the turbine rotor and forms water vapor, which, condensing in the condenser 6, enter the drinking water collector 7, where the distilled water undergoes mineralization by dissolving a previously introduced portion of the soluble mixture salts with the composition necessary for drinking water. The rotational energy of the rotor of the turbine 4 is converted into the energy of mechanical rotation of the shaft of the generator 5, where it is converted into electrical energy of an alternating three-phase current. Alternating current from the generator 5 is fed to the input of the power supply 1 to compensate for part of the energy consumption of the electrolysis process.

From the above description of the implementation of the method, it is obvious that the feedback is used to recover (up to 40%) of the originally used electricity, which follows from the maximum possible thermal efficiency of the heat turbine cycle [B.P. Porshakov, B. A. Romanov / Fundamentals of Thermodynamics and heat engineering. M., Nedra, 1979, p.120]. The use of bipolar electrodes with the proposed coatings in the electrolyzer provides light water with a lower deuterium content, since the separation coefficients of hydrogen isotopes on different electrodes are known, as well as a decrease in the polarization of electrode processes, which leads to a decrease in direct energy consumption of the electrolysis process [V. Filshtich / Fuel elements, M., Mir, 1968, p. 388].

In addition, the electrode materials used in the electrolysis process are cheaper and more stable under electrolysis conditions than in the prototype, and allow one to obtain water in the one-stage electrolysis process that is several times more deuterium depleted than in the prototype [V. Filshtikh / Fuel cells, M. , World, 1968, p. 388], which makes it significantly biologically more active.

Thus, the proposed method for producing biologically active drinking water with a low deuterium content is more effective than the prototype, because allows you to get a better product. Moreover, significantly less energy and material consumption, i.e. less costly.

Claims (1)

A method of producing biologically active drinking water with a reduced deuterium content, including electrolysis of the distillate in the electrolyzer, draining the obtained electrolysis gases, converting the electrolysis gases into water, subsequent condensation of water vapor and its mineralization, characterized in that the electrolysis of the distillate is carried out using catalytically active electrodes with high the separation coefficient of hydrogen isotopes coated on the anode side with a silver coating, and with the cathode - a coating of Raney nickel, obtained the mixture of hydrogen and oxygen at the outlet of the electrolyzer is dried using regenerated water-absorbing substances, and the conversion of the dried gases into water is carried out initially in a gas high-temperature turbine to obtain high-temperature steam, then the steam is condensed in a condenser, and the alternating current generated by a generator mechanically coupled to a turbine, sent to the input of the power supply to compensate for part of the energy consumption of the electrolysis process, in addition, mineralization depleted in deuterium water is carried out stvlyaetsya in the process of collection.

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