RU128127U1 - REDUCED DEUTERIUM WATER LINE - Google Patents

Abstract

A line for producing water with a reduced deuterium content, containing an electrolyzer, an electrolysis gas dryer, an electrolysis gas to water converter, a water vapor condenser and a deuterium-depleted water collector, characterized in that the electrolyzer is made in the form of two gas diffusion hydrogen electrodes, and the line is additionally equipped with a distilled feeder water associated with a steam generator, which is connected via a steam line to a countercurrent catalytic isotope exchange column included in the hydrogen pipe between Odom and anode electrolytic cell, wherein the column is connected with a steam pipe and condenser water vapor from the further collection.

Description

The claimed technical solution relates to the field of obtaining biologically active drinking water with a reduced content of deuterium in it by its isotopic separation into depleted and enriched in deuterium fractions.

Water from the point of view of chemistry is a substance consisting of H ₂ O molecules. There is no completely pure water in nature, it always contains mechanical, chemical and biological impurities.

The H ₂ O molecule consists of two elements, each of which is a mixture of isotopes. Hydrogen in nature is represented by two stable isotopes:

- protium (designation ¹ N or H);

- deuterium (designation ² N or D).

The natural content of isotopes ¹ N and ² N in natural objects is 99.985 and 0.015%. Light (rich in H or depleted in D) water has a high biological activity. The use of light water leads to the normalization of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, weight correction, elimination of toxins from the body, etc. The results of clinical trials proved [Lobyshev V.N., Kalinichenko L.P. Isotopic effects of D ₂ O in biological systems. M: Nauka, 1978.] that the use of such water increases performance, physical activity, endurance and resistance of the body.

It is known that in light water changes the rate of chemical reactions, solvation of ions, their mobility, etc. Light water has a stimulating effect on living systems, significantly increases their activity, resistance to various negative factors, reproductive activity, improves and speeds up metabolism. For crops, the effect of light water is manifested in increased germination and productivity, for humans - in the healing effect. The reaction of biosystems when exposed to water may vary depending on quantitative and qualitative changes in the isotopic composition of water. The use of water with an increased concentration of heavy isotopes, in particular deuterium, causes pronounced toxic effects at the body level, limiting the possibility of its use for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes [Kushner D.J., Baker F., Dunstall T.G. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol 1999, Feb. 77 (2): 79-88].

At the same time, positive biological activity of waters obtained using various technological processes belonging to the category of isotope-lungs with a decrease to one degree or another compared with the initial concentration of deuterium was recorded at different objects [M. G. Baryshev, A. A. .Basov, S.N. Bolotin, S.S. Jimak, D.V. Kashaev S.R. Fedosov, V.Yu. Frolov, D.I. Shashkov, D.A. Lysak, A.A. Timakov / / Evaluation of the antiradical activity of water with a modified isotopic composition using NMR, EPR and mass spectroscopy / Izvestia RAN. physical series, 2012, volume 76, No. 12, p. 1507-1510]. Those. quantitative and qualitative indicators of the isotopic composition of water significantly affect its effectiveness when using water as a solvent or ingredient. Therefore, the need is obvious depending on the purpose of the regulation of the isotopic composition of the water used by humans for technological processes, drinking, as part of medicinal, cosmetic, hygienic, perfumery, etc.

The prior art for producing isotope-light water is represented by a number of patents for inventions No. 2031085, 2091335, 2091336, 2438765, 2438766 and utility models No. 113977, 97994, 106559, 101648 and others. There are also a number of physicochemical methods for changing the isotopic composition of hydrogen, part of the water [Andreev B.M. et al., Separation of stable isotopes by physicochemical methods. Moscow: Energo-Atomizdat. 1982. pp. 44-49, 68-69, 75-79.]

The closest technical solution to the claimed is a patent RU No. 101648. According to the prototype, a device for producing biologically active drinking water with a reduced deuterium content includes an electrolyzer, an electrolysis gas dehumidifier, an electrolysis gas to water converter, a water vapor condenser and a deuterium-depleted water collector, the electrolyzer comprising a block of bipolar electrodes coated with a silver coating on the anode side, and with the cathode - a coating of Raney nickel, the dryer is filled with regenerated water-absorbing substance, while the line is additionally equipped with a separator ha the mixture containing a paladium-silver membrane installed between the desiccant and the fuel cell, and the electrolysis gas to water converter is made in the form of a low-temperature hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell with ion-exchange membranes, the fuel cell being electrically connected to the electrolyzer to partially compensate for energy consumption during the electrolysis, in addition to In addition, the collection of deuterium-depleted water also serves as a mineralizer.

The disadvantages of the described device are:

- degradation of the electrodes occurring over time caused by recrystallization of the electrode coating from Raney nickel, which leads to a decrease in the separation coefficient of hydrogen isotopes, an increase in the polarization of the electrodes and, as a result, to an increase in the cost of electricity during the service life by several times, and the cost of electricity is 80-90% of the cost of the product and the quality of the water [Fedotiev NP and others. Applied electrochemistry. L .: Chemistry 1967. p.346.]., Which leads to increased cost of the resulting product.

- significant losses of electricity in the form of heat associated with the use of oxygen electrodes with high overvoltage, on which much more electricity is lost than on hydrogen;

- oxygen-hydrogen fuel cell used in the prototype to the best of our knowledge is not yet mass-produced, and non-serial products are high-quality.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is:

1. An increase in the hydrogen isotope separation coefficient by replacing dispersed electrodes of nickel and Raney silver with platinum dispersed catalytic electrodes having a long service life and low degradation associated with a low recrystallization rate of dispersed platinum metals, which also leads to a decrease in the polarization of the electrodes, and how the consequence, to reduce electricity costs over the life of several times;

2. Reducing energy losses in the form of heat when replacing oxygen electrodes with high overvoltage with hydrogen diffusion electrodes, that is, a reduction in cost compared to analogues and prototype;

3. The use of less expensive compared to oxygen hydrogen electrodes instead of an oxygen-hydrogen fuel cell and, as a consequence, a decrease in the cost of the method;

To solve the technical problem, a line for producing water with a reduced deuterium content is proposed, containing an electrolyzer, an electrolysis gas dehumidifier, an electrolysis gas to water converter, a water vapor condenser and a deuterium-depleted water collector. In this case, the electrolyzer is made in the form of two gas diffusion hydrogen electrodes, and the line is additionally equipped with a distilled water feeder connected to a steam generator, which is connected by a steam line to a countercurrent catalytic isotope exchange column included in the hydrogen pipe between the cathode and the anode of the electrolyzer, and the column is connected by a steam line with a water vapor condenser and further with the collection.

The proposed figure schematically shows a line for producing water with a reduced deuterium content.

The line contains: a power supply unit 1 electrically connected to the electrolyzer 2, the cathode 3 output of which is connected by a gas pipeline to the input of the dryer 4. The dryer 4 is connected by a gas pipe to the gas input of the catalytic isotope exchange column 5, the gas output of which is connected to the input of the anode 6 of the electrolyzer 2. Feeder distilled water 7 is connected by a liquid pipe to a steam generator 8, which is coupled in the vapor phase to the steam inlet of the catalytic isotope exchange column 5. The steam output of column 5 is connected to the conde inlet Satoru 9 connected to a liquid conduit with a collection of deuterium-depleted water 10.

The line is as follows.

The alternating three-phase current of the external electrical network is converted to direct current by the power supply unit 1 and supplied to the electrolyzer 2. Hydrogen formed in the electrolyzer on the cathode 3 with a reduced deuterium content to prevent reverse isotopic exchange of hydrogen with water vapor is fed through a gas pipeline to the dryer 4, where it is dried by the regenerated water-absorbing substance. Then, the dried hydrogen enters the catalytic isotope exchange column 5, where it exchanges deuterium with water vapor on the surface of the solid catalyst. After that, hydrogen enriched in deuterium to a natural concentration enters the anode 6 of the electrolyzer 2, where it is again ionized. Distilled water of a natural isotopic composition flows from a feeder 7 to a steam generator 8, where it forms steam, which enters a catalytic isotope exchange column 5, where deuterium and hydrogen are exchanged on the surface of a solid catalyst, after which it passes through a steam line to a condenser 9, from which deuterium-depleted water enters collection 10.

The exclusion from the electrochemical stage of the oxygen electrodes of the electrolyzer and fuel cell, which, in comparison with hydrogen diffusion electrodes, has poor reversibility and high energy losses in the form of ohmic heat, leads to a reduction in the energy costs of the electrolysis process by several times compared to the prototype. In this case, the process in the electrolyzer is actually reduced to the transfer of hydrogen from the cathode 3 to the anode 6, and along the path between the electrodes due to catalytic exchange with water vapor, water vapor with a reduced deuterium content is formed, which condenses and is discharged as a final product [B. Filshtich / Fuel cells, M. Mir, 1968 with 389]. In addition, the electrode materials used in the electrolysis process are technologically more developed and stable in the electrolysis process than in the prototype and make it possible to obtain water several times more deuterium depleted in the one-stage electrolysis process than in the prototype [E. Justi, A. Winsel / Fuel cells // Izd.-vo Mir M. 1964, p. 283-286], which makes it significantly biologically more active.

Thus, the proposed line is more effective than the prototype, and allows you to get a better product. Moreover, significantly less energy and material consumption, because less expensive.

Claims (1)

A line for producing water with a reduced deuterium content, containing an electrolyzer, an electrolysis gas dryer, an electrolysis gas to water converter, a water vapor condenser and a deuterium-depleted water collector, characterized in that the electrolyzer is made in the form of two gas diffusion hydrogen electrodes, and the line is additionally equipped with a distilled feeder water associated with a steam generator, which is connected via a steam line to a countercurrent catalytic isotope exchange column included in the hydrogen pipe between Odom and anode electrolytic cell, wherein the column is connected with a steam pipe and condenser water vapor from the further collection.

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