RU2436910C2 - Composite reinforcement - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: composite reinforcement includes load-carrying rod that is laminated and includes inner core and next layers; at that, layers have spiral winding; direction of windings on various layers can be various. Spiral windings can be single- or multi-turn. Outer layer of load-carrying rod or its part can be of other colour. External part of load-carrying rod can be provided with addition of fire retarders.

EFFECT: simpler manufacture and higher operating reliability.

4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to construction, namely to a non-metallic composite reinforcement of continuous relief, which can be used to reinforce concrete foundations, slabs, walls, beams and other products.

Known reinforcing element described in the book of Frolov V.P. “Fiberglass reinforcement and glass concrete structures” (M., Stroyizdat, 1980, pp. 20-27), containing a core of glass fibers impregnated with a polymer binder and fastened with a spiral winding.

The disadvantage of this reinforcing element is the low strength properties that are manifested when the diameter of the manufactured rods is increased, as well as the lack of the necessary relief for adhesion to concrete.

Known three-layer rod according to patent RU 2052606 (publ. 01.20.1996), made of various mineral and chemical fibers bonded with a polymer binder.

The disadvantage of this rod is its low strength properties, manifested by an increase in the diameter of the manufactured rods, due to the lack of compaction of the inner layers of longitudinal fibers, as well as the lack of the necessary relief for adhesion to concrete.

Closest to the proposed solution is the composite reinforcement according to the patent for PM RU 82246 (publ. 04/20/2009), containing a supporting rod of high-strength material and a relief winding with ledges, providing the necessary adhesion to concrete.

The disadvantage of this reinforcement is the low strength properties that are manifested when the diameter of the manufactured reinforcement is increased, for example, when the diameter of the reinforcement is increased from 10 to 20 mm, the tensile strength decreases by 30%. This is due to insufficient compaction of the inner layers of the fibers of the supporting rod.

The proposed invention solves the problem of creating a non-metallic composite reinforcement with high strength properties.

To achieve the specified technical result in a composite reinforcement containing a supporting rod of high-strength polymer material and a winding with ledges, the supporting rod is layered and contains an inner core and subsequent layers, which are made with a spiral winding. The internal spiral windings can be made of high-strength yarns or flat ribbons with different winding directions in each winding, spiral windings are formed by one or multiple windings. The layers of the supporting rod can be made of high strength material with various physical, mechanical and chemical properties. The core and its winding can be made, for example, of glass fiber, and the second layer and its winding are made of basalt fiber. The outer layer may be made of basalt or a mixture of basalt and carbon fibers with an outer winding with ledges of glass or basalt fibers. The outer layer of the supporting rod or part thereof can be made of other colors. The outer part of the supporting rod can be made with the addition of flame retardants.

Distinctive features of the invention from the above most famous is the following.

Firstly, the supporting rod is layered and contains an inner core and subsequent layers, which are made with a spiral winding.

Secondly, the internal spiral windings can be made of high-strength threads or flat tapes with different winding directions in each winding, the spiral windings are formed by one or multiple windings.

Thirdly, the layers of the supporting rod can be made of high strength material with various physical, mechanical and chemical properties.

Fourth, the core and its winding can be made, for example, of glass fiber, and the second layer and its winding are made of basalt fiber.

Fifth, the outer layer of the supporting rod or part thereof can be made of another color design.

Sixth, the outer part of the supporting rod can be made with the addition of flame retardants.

Due to the presence of these signs, a new design of high-strength composite reinforcement has been created, which has the necessary strength properties in the entire range of manufactured sizes, and the possibility of producing reinforcement with color identification and with reduced combustibility has been acquired.

Composite fittings are made by the method of bezferless drawing with spiral winding of ledges from high-strength material (glass, basalt, carbon and other fibers), impregnated with, for example, epoxy compound based on ED-20 resin with a hardener in the ratio specified in the description of patent US 4829733 (publ. 1989). After curing, the resulting rod is cut into pieces of the desired length.

The proposed design is illustrated by the drawings shown in figures 1-4.

Figure 1 shows the composite reinforcement of the proposed design.

Figure 2 - composite reinforcement of the proposed design, containing 4 layers, in section.

Figure 3 - composite reinforcement of the proposed design, containing 3 layers, in section.

Figure 4 - composite reinforcement of the proposed design, containing 2 layers, in section.

The composite reinforcement comprises a supporting rod 1 (Fig. 1) of high-strength material (glass, basalt, carbon fibers) and windings with ledges 2 and 3. Windings 2 and 3 are made of the same fibers impregnated with a polymer binder. The carrier rod 1 consists of a central inner core 4 and subsequent layers 5, 6, 7. The layered structure of the carrier rod can be made of high strength fibers of various combinations.

Each layer of longitudinal fibers of the supporting rod is sealed with a transverse spiral winding 8, 9, 10 made of the same high-strength fibers as other elements of the rod.

The windings 8, 9, 10 to ensure a more dense composite structure are made of thin threads or flat rovings.

The direction of the windings in the windings 8, 9, 10 can be in different directions and they are close to the step of the outer windings 2 and 3. To ensure cost-effective performance of the windings 8, 9, 10 can be multi-start.

The layered implementation of the supporting rod allows the use of various fibers and polymer binders in the layers, which makes it possible, by analogy with the cross section of a tree, to create composite reinforcement with variable layer strength.

Variants of compositions of the components of the polymer binder for use in various layers of the supporting rod of the reinforcement are shown in table 1.

Table 1 No. p / p The composition of the polymer binder Execution 1, wt.% Execution 2, wt.% Execution 3, wt.% one Epoxy resin ED-20 one hundred one hundred one hundred 2 Hardener - isomethyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride one hundred 94 88 3 Accelerator - Alkofen 1.9 1.8 1.65 four Modifying additive - a product of the synthesis of aliphatic epoxysmols with polyether diisocyanates fifty 35 twenty 5 Physical and mechanical properties - strength, MPa 122 134 134 - deformation,% 9.7 9.1 8.6 6 Functional additive - color pigment (ferric acid minium) - flame retardant It is added to any option from 5 to 15%

All variants of the polymer binder are made on the basis of epoxy resin ED-20 with the introduction of a different ratio of components, which affects the physical and mechanical properties.

The introduction of a functional additive is determined by the requirements for composite reinforcement.

To visually distinguish composite reinforcement of various diameters under industrial conditions, a color pigment is added to the polymer binder used in the outer layer of the rod. For example, composite reinforcement with a diameter of 16 mm is produced in blue, reinforcement with a diameter of 18 mm in green, 20 mm in red color, etc.

To ensure fire safety requirements in any of the layers, for example, flame retardants can be introduced into the outer layer in liquid or powder form.

Comparative tests of composite reinforcement manufactured with a solid and layered supporting rod were carried out. Samples of Liana fittings were manufactured at the technological line of the enterprise Ural Reinforcing Company KNPO LLC, Perm (www.armatura-liana.com). The outer diameter of the reinforcement is 20 mm, the diameter of the supporting rod is 18 mm, the relief is of the rhombic type. The laminated core is made in various designs (1-3) and in various combinations of materials.

The test results are shown in table 2

The test results show that layered reinforcement with an additional sealing of the core fibers of the inner spiral winding increases the strength characteristics of the reinforcement.

The introduction of color pigments into the surface layer of the reinforcement makes it possible to visually distinguish a large range of manufactured reinforcement.

The addition of flame retardants in a thin surface layer of reinforcement does not impair its strength and increases the fire resistance of the product.

The proposed composite reinforcement has the necessary quality characteristics that allow it to be widely used for reinforcing critical monolithic concrete structures.

table 2 No. p / p Bearing rod Support Rod Parameters Physical and mechanical properties Core (inner layer) First layer (inner) Second layer (inner) Third layer (outer) one Solid rod Basalt, polymer - version 3 (Table 1) D ₁ = 18 mm. Winding - rhombic basalt no no no σ = 1050 MPa
E = 55000 MPa
flammability G3 2 Layered core Basalt, polymer - execution 1 (table 1) D ₁ = 8 mm. Winding - Dacron thread 163 Tex, left winding Basalt, polymer - version 2 (Table 1) D ₂ = 13.9 mm. Winding - basalt roving 630 tack, right-hand winding Basalt, polymer - version 3 (Table 1) D ₃ = 17 mm. Winding - basalt roving 630 tack, right-hand winding Basalt, polymer - version 2 (Table 1) D ₄ = 13.9 mm. Tape - basalt roving 630 tex, left winding σ = 1450 MPa
E = 92000 MPa
flammability G3 3 Layered core Glass, polymer - execution 1 (table 1) D ₁ = 12.7 mm. Winding - twisted dacron thread 163 Tex, left winding Basalt, polymer - version 2 (Table 1) D ₂ = 15.6 mm. Winding - basalt roving 630 tack, right-hand winding no Basalt + carbon, polymer - version 3 (Table 1) D ₄ = 18 mm. Winding - rhombic basalt σ = 1540 MPa
E = 120,000 MPa
flammability G3 four Layered core Glass polymer - execution 1 (Table 1) D ₁ = 10.4 mm. Winding - glass - roving 800 tex, left winding, two lead-in Basalt, polymer - version 2 (Table 1) D ₂ = 16 mm. Winding - basalt roving 630 tex, right-hand winding, two lead-in no Glass, polymer, version 3 (Table 1), red color additive - flame retardant D ₄ = 18 mm. Winding - rhombic glass σ = 1250 MPa
E = 75000 MPa
flammability G1 Where σ is the temporary tensile strength; E - tensile modulus

Claims (5)

1. Composite reinforcement, comprising a bearing rod made of high-strength polymer material and windings with ledges, characterized in that the bearing rod is layered and contains an inner core, each layer of longitudinal fibers of the bearing rod is sealed with an internal transverse spiral winding made of threads or flat tapes. 2. The composite reinforcement according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal spiral windings are made of high strength threads or flat tapes with different winding directions in each winding, the spiral windings being formed by single or multiple windings. 3. The composite reinforcement according to claim 1, characterized in that the layers of the supporting rod are made of high strength material with various physical, mechanical and chemical properties. 4. The composite reinforcement according to claim 1, characterized in that the core and its winding are made of glass fiber, the second layer and its winding are made of basalt fiber, the outer layer is made of basalt or a mixture of basalt and carbon fiber with an outer winding with glass ledges or basalt fibers. 5. The composite reinforcement according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer layer of the supporting rod or part thereof is made with the addition of color pigments.

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