RU2436895C1 - Device to prevent spillage of oil and petroleum products from emergency pipeline - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: environmental protection.

SUBSTANCE: device has a pipeline of compressed air with throttling nozzle. The compressed air pipeline is supplied to a perforated casing mounted over the emergency section of the pipeline. Pressure of compressed air is selected depending on the initial viscosity of the fluid.

EFFECT: rapid decrease in spillage of oil and petroleum products at the point of their exit from the emergency pipeline and a complete cessation of their spillage is provided.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of environmental protection from pollution, in particular to devices for preventing accidental spills of oil and oil products in case of damage to pipelines.

A device for the filling of oil products ”is known according to the application for invention 94009414/26, published on 04/10/1996. The invention consists in the fact that the filling unit includes a housing with a device for storing compressed air under pressure and an absorbent stored in the remaining volume of the housing. When the rotary bar is rotated by 3-5 °, the holes in the lower fixed and upper movable covers of the device for storing compressed air are combined, and the air exiting under the pressure of 5-8 atmospheres from the holes entrains the absorbent particles located in the part of the body made in the form of a truncated cone, from the output device, which serves as the upper base of the truncated cone, is sprayed onto the surface of oil products flowing into the environment during accidents, which can significantly reduce the risk of oil in the soil and water due to the conversion of petroleum products into a jelly-like state when absorbent enters them and increase the likelihood of petroleum products being extracted during their disposal.

A disadvantage of the known device is the complexity of its design, the need for both compressed air and absorbent material, and it does not prevent the spill of oil and oil products from the emergency pipeline.

The closest to the declared technical essence and the achieved result is the "Method of preventing accidental spills of oil and oil products from the cargo tank of an oil tanker" according to the application 4922243/11 (025229) of 03/25/1991 (recognized as an invention by the decision of patent examination 09/01/1992 ) In the known method for preventing accidental spills of oil and oil products from the cargo tank of an oil tanker when the hull of the vessel is damaged by reducing their fluidity, it is achieved by supplying compressed air to the oil and oil products, the compressed air being supplied through throttling nozzles to the bottom and side plating vessel.

It is known that due to the throttling of air at a pressure of 180-200 kg / cm ² at the outlet of the throttle nozzle, it is possible to obtain a temperature of minus 90 ° C. It is also known that the bulk of crude oils and petroleum products (fuel oil, oil, etc.), depending on their viscosity, has a freezing temperature ranging from minus 5 ° C to minus 15 ° C. Thus, the bulk of oil and oil products transported through pipelines loses its fluidity even at low subzero temperatures.

This method and device for its implementation can be used on oil vessels in cargo tanks, but cannot be used to prevent the spill of oil and oil products from emergency oil pipelines.

The technical task of the claimed invention is a device for preventing the outflow of oil and oil products from an emergency pipeline.

The technical result of the claimed device for preventing spillage of oil and oil products from an emergency pipeline containing a compressed air pipeline with a throttle nozzle is achieved by the fact that the compressed air pipeline with a throttle nozzle is connected to a perforated casing fixed to the emergency section of the pipeline. In this case, compressed air is under pressure, which is selected depending on the initial viscosity of the liquid (the higher the viscosity, the lower the pressure of the compressed air).

Figure 1 shows the device, a General view.

Figure 2 shows a longitudinal section of figure 1.

Figure 3 shows a section aa.

The device comprises a perforated casing 1, to which a compressed air pipe 2 with a throttling nozzle 3 is connected. The casing 1 is fixed above the emergency section of the pipeline 4.

The device operates as follows.

In the perforated casing 1 fixed above the emergency section of the pipeline 4, compressed air is supplied from the compressed air pipeline 2 through the throttling nozzle 3 to the place of oil exit from the emergency pipeline. When air leaves the throttle nozzle, its pressure drops sharply, and the air cools to minus temperature, which leads to a rapid decrease in the fluidity of oil and oil products at the place of their exit from the emergency pipeline and the complete cessation of their outflow.

Lowering the temperature under the casing leads to cooling of the emergency pipeline and, already approaching the emergency section, reduces the fluidity of oil and oil products in the emergency pipeline, i.e. clogging of the emergency pipeline occurs.

The perforated casing does not create an obstacle for the exit of oil when it is installed on a damaged pipeline and for the exit of exhaust air during operation of the device.

This device can be used to prevent the spill of oil and oil products both on the ground and in the underwater pipeline.

Claims (1)

A device for preventing spillage of oil and oil products from an emergency pipeline, comprising an air pipeline with a throttling nozzle, characterized in that the compressed air pipeline with a throttling nozzle is connected to a perforated casing fixed above the emergency section of the pipeline, while the pressure of the compressed air is selected depending on the initial viscosity liquids.

Images