RU2436703C2 - Air boat (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention is intended for whatever air boats. Proposed air boat comprises lateral air bottles, bottom, stern air bottle or transom. Lateral air bottles feature arched shape. Air boat features triangular shape in plan. Lateral bottle has an edge formed by conjugated surfaces of three and more air bottles. Said surfaces are formed by lengthwise air-penetrable webs made up of solid lengthwise tapes. Lengthwise sleeve is arranged on boat bottom on inner or outer side. Straight or curved bar is fitted into said sleeve.

EFFECT: increased smooth running, static and dynamic stability.

8 cl, 11 dwg

Description

The invention is intended for pleasure, fishing, sports and rescue inflatable boats.

Such boats are known, consisting, as a rule, of a horseshoe-shaped balloon, a rigid transom glued between them and a single-layer or inflatable two-layer bottom. A hard floor inserted between the cylinders is possible (see, for example, AS 608695).

All known motor inflatable boats have, as a rule, parallel or almost parallel sides and a slightly raised relatively dull wide and light nose. Observations of the movement of gliding inflatable boats on a wave showed that when meeting a wave, the light, blunt and wide bow of the boat is thrown by the wave, the angle of attack of the entire bottom of the boat increases sharply, which leads to an increase in its lifting force, and the whole boat jumps sharply. The movement is accompanied by significant vertical and longitudinal overloads and large fluctuations in the trim (boat gallops).

To increase the smoothness of the action on a wave, the proposed boat, consisting of balloons and a bottom, has a triangular shape in plan formed by a stern balloon or transom and two straight or arcuate side cylinders. That is, it has a relatively sharp and narrow nose and a large width of the waterline in the stern. Thanks to this, the boat easily enters the wave without experiencing large fluctuations in the trim.

And the large width of the waterline in the stern makes it possible to economically plan at moderate speeds under a low-power motor. It also provides great static and dynamic stability. To give curved shape to side cylinders, arcuate cylinders have folds or pinches on the concave side, the opposite sides of which are fastened with glued or welded flexible plates, or several folds or pinches are fastened with one or more longitudinal tapes.

The linings may be from the same fabric as the cylinders, or from another fabric, in particular breathable, or even from a monolithic elastomer of the appropriate shape.

Instead of one wide tape fastening the folds immediately along the entire length of the container, it is better to use three narrower ones, since the joint of the parts of the container in the fold area has a surface that does not turn out onto a plane.

To obtain a pointed nasal outline, the side cylinders of the bow have horizontal triangular inserts made of fabric or film inside.

Due to the connection of the two sides of each balloon (flattening), the line of the side of the boat in the bow is raised. And in the lower part of the nose, on the contrary, you need to choose excess material, for example, by forming a fold.

The unusual configuration of the boat gives great opportunities in the choice of seats: the boat can have transverse and / or longitudinal, and / or angular, and / or T-shaped, or cruciform seats. The combination of longitudinal and transverse seats gives a rather comfortable and multi-functional cross-shaped seat.

There is also the option of sitting in the form of a longitudinal balloon with a diameter of 400-450 mm in the center of the boat, on which people sit in the rider's position.

Inflatable boats are easily overwhelmed by a large wave both overboard and through the nose, as the round shape of the balloon allows the wave to easily roll through itself. To eliminate this drawback, in the proposed boat, the cylinders have a shape that forms a side cut and formed by the mating surfaces of two or more cylinders, and these surfaces are formed by longitudinal air-permeable or sealed bridges in the form of continuous longitudinal ribbons inside the cylinders.

Sealed jumpers divide the mating cylinders into separate pneumatic cavities. If the jumpers are breathable, then the resulting balloon will be a single pneumatic cavity. In practice, it makes sense to use a cylinder of three mating cylinders, that is, having two jumpers. In this case, it is advisable to make the large jumper sealed, and the small jumper breathable. In this case, if a large cylinder fails, a smaller pneumatic cavity can be pumped up (the pressure there will drop due to rounding off the jumper) and this will allow you to confidently stay on the water. That is, such a design of the cylinder will dispense with the separation of each cylinder into two transverse compartments.

The most appropriate angle of overhang is in the range of 60-80 °. When the angle of overhang is 60 ° (see Fig. 5), the recommended ratio of the diameters of the mating cylinders is 100-56-25%.

The boat may have a single-layer, two-layer inflatable bottom or a rigid floor may be provided. In the first two versions, people in the boat are uncomfortable because of the sensation of unsteadiness under their feet. However, a design is possible that significantly reduces this inconvenience. For this purpose, the boat has a longitudinal sleeve (sleeves) on the bottom from the inside or outside, into which (in) a rod or bar is inserted, straight or curved.

In practice, it makes no sense to use more than three sleeves and, accordingly, rods, since otherwise their total weight will approach the weight of the floor. Sufficient comfort provides only one core.

It is more practical to position the sleeve on the outside of the bottom, as when hitting an underwater obstacle it will protect the bottom from damage. Damage to the sleeve and the rod itself is not threatened by anything. In addition, the core is easier to insert.

In a planing boat, it is advisable to use one straight rod of circular cross section (the number of inflatable sections of the bottom should be even). And in slow-moving displacement boats it makes sense to use a beam with a cross section close to the board (for example, 30 × 200 mm), curved with a deflection arrow of 250-350 mm. It is desirable that the beam be composite, and the rod can also be telescopic, which is especially convenient (duralumin, fiberglass, carbon fiber).

The size of the sleeve should be such that when the balloons and / or the inflatable bottom are inflated, the rod or beam is crimped and firmly fixed in the sleeve. And only for insurance, the rear end of the rod or beam is attached to the transom with a rubber sling through the eye.

Figure 1-3 shows a triangular boat with straight cylinders. The angle between the cylinders is 36 °. If you take the scale of 1:25, then the size of the boat is 3.2 × 2.0 × 0.3 m. If you take the scale of 1:20, then the size of the boat is 4.0 × 2.5 × 0.37 m. The boat consists of side cylinders 1, transom 2, inflatable bottom 3, with the outside the sides of which have a sleeve into which the rod 4 is inserted from the bow to the stern. In the bow inside the cylinders there are horizontal triangular fabric inserts 5 (the inserts on both cylinders should be at the same height). The boat has three seats: one transverse 6 and two angular 7. Angular seats of this design facilitate the transfer of motor power from the transom to the side cylinders. And also under them it is convenient to stuff things, a tank with fuel or a battery for an outboard electric motor.

Figure 4, 3, 2 shows a triangular boat with arched cylinders 1A. Their bend is formed by periodically located folds 8 located on the concave side of the container. The boat has two transverse seats 6, and the middle seat can have additional support through a plate glued with foam rubber on the bottom in the area of the keel rod 4.

Figure 5 shows in cross section a cylinder 1 or 1a. The cylinder is formed by three mating cylinders, which are formed by two internal longitudinal jumpers - sealed 9 and breathable 10. To the small cylinder on the outside there is attached a sleeve plate 11 made of elastomer.

Figure 6 shows the sleeve 12 outside the bottom 3 and the rod 4 clamped in the sleeve.

7 shows a cross section of the cylinder 1A, a top view. The bend of the cylinder is formed by folds 8, glued or welded and reinforced linings 12 of the same or different fabric. Or pinches 13, also glued or boiled.

On Fig shows the fastening of the rod 4 to the transom 2 with a rubber strap 14 through the eyelet 15 to the stopper 16.

Figures 9-11 show an economical sail boat or electric motor, consisting of airborne cylinders 1a with folds 8, transom 2 and a single-layer bottom 3, on which there is a beam 17 curved downward in the sleeve 12 that defines the streamlined shape of the bottom.

To mount the mast 18 and the side curtains 19 on the cylinders in the brackets 20 there is a traverse 21 (duralumin pipe). The shverts 19 in the desired position are installed using rubber bands or cords of limited strength 22.

There should be a rudder (not shown) on the transom, preferably not in the center, so that an outboard motor can be installed at the same time as the rudder.

The cylinders in cross section have the shape shown in FIG.

Boats work like this: a motor, oars or sail are installed and movement is carried out.

Claims (8)

1. An inflatable boat containing cylinders and a bottom, characterized in that it has a triangular shape in plan, formed by a stern balloon or transom and two arcuate side cylinders. 2. The boat according to claim 1, characterized in that the arcuate cylinders have folds or pinches on the concave side, the opposite sides of which are fastened with glued or welded flexible plates, or several folds or pinches are fastened with one or more longitudinal tapes. 3. The boat according to claim 1, characterized in that the side cylinders of the bow have horizontal triangular inserts of fabric or film inside. 4. The boat according to claim 1, characterized in that it has transverse and / or longitudinal, and / or angular, and / or T-shaped, or cruciform seats. 5. The boat according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a seat in the form of a longitudinal balloon in the longitudinal plane of the boat. 6. An inflatable boat containing cylinders and a bottom, characterized in that the cylinders have a shape that forms a side cut and formed by the mating surfaces of three or more cylinders, and these surfaces are formed by longitudinal breathable bridges in the form of continuous longitudinal ribbons inside the cylinders. 7. An inflatable boat containing balloons and a bottom, characterized in that it has a longitudinal sleeve (sleeves) on the bottom from the inside or outside, into which (in) a rod or bar is inserted, straight or curved. 8. The boat according to claim 7, characterized in that the rod or beam is attached to the transom with a rubber sling through the eye.

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